Introduction: Glycogen storage disease is the result of a defect in the synthesis or breakdown of glycogen that is found in muscles, the liver and many other cell types. This disease may be genetic or acquired and is usually caused by a defect in certain enzymes that are important in the metabolism of glycogen. To date, there are 11 different classifications for glycogen storage disease but this paper will focus on glycogen storage disease type 1 (GSD I), also known as von Gierke’s disease, after
Acidosis versus Alkalosis Respiratory acidosis is a disorder that presents itself when the lungs are not able to remove enough of the carbon dioxide, or CO2, that is created by the body. When there is too much CO2 present the pH of blood, along with other bodily fluids decrease, which in turn makes them overly acidic. Normal blood pH falls in the 7.5 to 7.45 range; acidosis is present when the pH of the blood falls the normal pH range. (Team, T. H. (2017, March 22).) Respiratory acidosis is often
Metabolic Acidosis Metabolic acidosis occurs when the body is producing too much acid, isn't getting rid of enough acid, or doesn't have enough base to buffer the normal amount of acid. Because there are 2 basic ways why metabolic acidosis can occur, the anion gap is analyzed. Observing the anion gap can help determine if the metabolic acidosis is from a lack of buffering or excess of acid. There are several types of metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis starts in the kidneys. Diabetic acidosis happens
Respiratory Acidosis Respiratory acidosis happens when the lungs can’t remove enough of the carbon dioxide produced by the body. Excess CO2 causes the pH of blood and other bodily fluids to decrease, making them too acidic. The body is able to balance the ions that control acidity. This balance is measured on a pH scale from 0 to 14. Acidosis occurs when the pH of the blood falls below 7.35. The normal blood pH level is between 7.35 and 7.45. Respiratory acidosis is typically caused by an underlying
the body produces, it results in a condition called Respiratory Acidosis. This condition causes body fluid, especially the blood to be too acidic. There are levels of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) in that shows whether or not the blood pH is balanced. “Normal levels adult/child: 35-45 mm Hg, Child less than 2 years: 26-41 mm Hg” (National Library, 2014). Elevated amounted of PCO2 indicates a sign of respiratory acidosis. HCO3; a concentration of hydrogen carbonate in the blood is used
Respiratory Acidosis Respiratory Acidosis at its most basic definition is the retention of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the respiratory system, causing acidity in the arterial blood (Colbert, Ankey, & Lee, 2013). A normal pH level of between 7.35 and 7.45 is maintained by a combination of the regulatory mechanisms of the respiratory and renal function, and extracellular and intracellular chemical buffering. The central nervous and respiratory systems control of arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2), plus the
The finding indicates respiratory acidosis. Further, Rowena’s body is trying to compensate by increasing PaO2. These changes in ABG can also change the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen. Fig 1: Medbulets team (2018) Rowena’s ABG results demonstrates right shift on oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curve, which can be identified by increased PCO2 and temperature and decreased pH of the blood. The right shift indicates that Rowena has decreased affinity
of harmful bacteria entering the tea. It is recommended to drink Kampuchea that has been prepared commercially and pasteurized. Reports have found that there can be adverse effects from drinking the tea, varying from an upset stomach to metabolic acidosis, which is the build-up of excessive acid in the body, and toxic reactions. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have alerted consumers that home-brewed Kampuchea is at high contamination risks. Unpasteurized Kombucha, unless it is refrigerated
Higher range will cause high anion gap which leads to metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis caused acidification of body fluid which due to high amount of anion and low concentration of bicarbonate ion (Alpern and Moe et al., 2012, p. 2049). There are two types of metabolic acidosis, elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis and normal anion gap metabolic acidosis Elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis Elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis, usually caused by ‘foreign’ anion inside human fluid. This
The Effects of Creatine on Athletes' Bodies From a very early age sports are introduced upon both young boys and girls. Although it begins with sportsmanship and teamwork, it begins to evolve into new objectives when these young athletes enter high school. In fact, high school sports are vastly different. Your mind is trained to obliterate the opponent and win at all costs. This mentality can often lead many young athletes to turn to supplements to assist in muscle building. The most common
...di & Mardan, 2011). Generally, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can be defined as Gram positive, non-spore forming, catalase negative, devoid of cytochromes, acid tolerant, and facultative anaerobe group that produce lactic acid as the major end-product during fermentation of carbohydrates. According to carbohydrate metabolism, they can be divided into two main groups: 1. Homofermentative LAB (produce mainly lactic acid). 2. Heterofermentative LAB (produce lactic acid, carbon dioxide, ethanol and/or
Cavities are produced by harmful bacteria that live in our mouth. Eating food, especially food that has a lot of sugar, feeds this bacteria. By feeding this bacteria, they start to produce acid, this acid, will eventually eat away at your tooth. By brushing and flossing you remove this bacteria build up, called plaque. If you aren’t removing this build up, the bacteria keep destroying the tooth and eating away at it, until there is a hole. Known to most as a cavity, tooth decay, or dental caries
2014). Figure 4: Effect of Temperature and Humidity on Biodegradation of PLA (Way, 2014). Figure 5: Ring-opening polymerization (Chemistry.stackexchange.com, 2016). Figure 6: Main PLA Production Methods (Bardone, Bravi and Keshavarz, 2014). lactic acid → pyruvic acid → tricarboxylic acid cycle → CO2 and H2O Equation 1: PLA forming Carbon Dioxide and Water (Kenny and Ayotte, 2016). References Anonymous. "NEW PROCESS MAKES BIOPLASTIC PRODUCTS CHEAPER." Buildings. 01 Aug. 2015: 19. eLibrary
The data collected during this experiment has shown that a relationship likely exists between the rate of muscle fatigue and the time spent performing vigorous exercise prior to the set of repetitive movements. This is likely due to a build-up of lactic acid and lactate as a result of anaerobic respiration occurring to provide energy for the muscle cell’s movement. As the pH of the cell would have been lowered, the enzymes necessary in the reactions would likely not be working in their optimum pH
be described as acute muscle soreness. It is mostly experienced after long hours of exercise and can last up to 3 days with new athletes. It majorly results due to exercise thus muscle fibers are subjected to micro trauma and excess accumulation of lactic acid. This soreness shows muscle growth and adaptation to trauma. This soreness is overcome by continuous training until the body adapts to the training program.
German Bazan February Abstract #1 Citation: Fontana, Margherita, and Domenick T. Zero. "Assessing Patients Caries Risk." JADA 137 (2006): 1231-239. Print. AIMS: 1. Through research, what are some of the measurements dentists are taking to assess caries risk and combat this bacterial disease? 2. How can the simple fact of going away to college intervenes with the oral health of a student? 3. How can a dentist use the quantity of saliva to diagnose the patient’s decay prognosis? METHODS: Multiple
Will an increase in temperature of corn syrup yield a higher rate of fermentation? This is the question, which served as the foundation to which this experiment was initially conducted. The hypothesis from which this experiment was constructed was an increase in the temperature of the water in which fermentation occurs, will increase the rate at which fermentation happens, due to the dependence on temperature. With a rise in temperature less activation energy is needed, thus the rate of fermentation
DETERMINATION OF MAXIMAL OXYGEN CONSUMPTION (VO2MAX) LAB REPORT Introduction Background: In this lab, we explored the theory of maximal oxygen consumption. “Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is defined as the highest rate at which oxygen can be taken up and utilized by the body during severe exercise” (Bassett and Howley, 2000). VO2max is measured in millimeters of O2 consumed per kilogram of body weight per min (ml/kg/min). It is commonly known as a good way to determine a subject’s cardio-respiratory
Success From Creatine Many people in athletics avoid using creatine monohydrate because they do not know much about it. They are convinced that something that can help athletes achieve such great results cannot be good for the body. This is not true if the supplement is taken correctly. Creatine is an excellent supplement. It is one of the only products on the market that has been proven to significantly enhance athletic performance in the areas of power, strength, and muscle mass. Creatine makes
Creatine Having finally resolved to work out at the gym, you sweat and toil for weeks on end only to look in the mirror and see little to show for it. It's the paradox of the New Year's resolution exerciser. Seeing physical results can help exercisers stay true to their fitness programs, yet for many it takes months to achieve noticeable muscle changes. Creatine Monohydrate has become the most popular supplement in the world among individuals interested in body-building and fitness. As you