primary methods when comparing forensic soil samples employ the use of microscopes and manually examining the colour, texture, density gradient and mineralogical content. After a primary manual examination has been conducted x-ray diffraction along with another method such as x-ray fluorescence are used to discover the chemical composition of the sample. These methods are considered to be useful for discriminating between samples which have inorganic minerals, however Bommarito et al (2006) believe a
the resulting pollutions from the production of nuclear power that human is faced today. Nuclear power has been widely applied in the world and provides approximately 17% of the world’s electricity [1, 2]. However, the widely applications of nuclear energy will produce consequent high-level radioactive waste (HLW), which is increasing about 12000 metric tons every year and includes various elements such as lanthanides, actinides and so on [3-7]. The presence of radioactive material in the water systems
structure, X‐rays scattered by ordered features will be scattered coherently in certain directions for satisfying the criteria for constructive interference, signal amplification. The conditions required for constructive interference are determined by the English physicist W.H. Bragg and known as Bragg’s law. The Bragg’s law describing relationship a beam of X-ray having particular wavelength diffracts at certain angle from a crystalline surface defined by equation nλ = 2d sinθ λ= X‐ray wavelength
UV-Vis spectroscopy The reduction of silver ions was observed using spectroscopic analysis by measuring the spectral wave length change and observed a peak at 430nm. The spectrum produced due to the bioreduction of silver ions and its Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) at room temperature was observed using Thermo UV10 Spectrophotometer at a band width of 1nm. FTIR Spectroscopy Silver nanoparticles synthesized solution was centrifuged at 15000
Abstract Electric discharge machine developed in late 1940’s has been accepted worldwide as a standard process in manufacturing and is capable of machining geometrically complex or hard material components, that are precise and difficult-to-machine such as heat treated tool steels, composites, super alloys, ceramics, nitrated alloy, carbides, heat resistant steels etc. EDM has become an important and cost-effective method of machining extremely tough and brittle electrically conductive materials
Tool wear is a problem in machining titanium alloy, so it is of great importance to find out the wear mechanism of cutting tools in order to improve the cutting tool life time. The mechanism controlling the wear of cemented carbide and influence of cutting parameters on different wear modes in machining Ti6Al4V has been investigated in this paper. Diffusion and chemical wear at high cutting speed and feed rate and attrition in low speed and feed rate is suggested to be the dominant wear mechanism