Lyme disease is a disease cause by the bacteria known as Borrelia burgdorferi. Animals that live in grassy areas or wood like areas, such as forest, is the common place to find this bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi. Borrelia burgdorferi is commonly found on small animals like mice up to animals as big as deer. How this bacterium is transmitted to humans is through a bite by a tick. The specific ticks that are exposed to this disease and transmit it to humans by a single bite are known as Ixodes ticks
a zoonotic disease that is transmitted through the bite of ticks infected with bacteria called Borrelia burgdorferi (Pearson, 2015). “Typical symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue, and a characteristic skin rash called erythema migrans. If left untreated, infection can spread to joints, the heart, and the nervous system” (CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). Borrelia burgdorferi: is a parasite bacteria that requires a host due to its limited metabolic capacity. As this bacteria
Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks and thought to be caused by the Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria, but scientists have discovered another bacterium, Borrelia mayonii is also causing this disease and the symptoms are far worse than its predecessor. Borrelia Mayonii is carried by the black-legged deer tick, according to the Daily Cardinal. The Daily Cardinal reports that this new form of Lyme disease gives concern to U.S. residents especially those living in the Midwest. So far, only two states
The epidemiology of Lyme disease Causes of the disease Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi. History of the disease In the 1970’s children living in Lyme, Connecticut and two other neighboring towns started to show rheumatoid arthritis. Because of how strange this was researchers started to look for a causing agent looking at everything including germs, and found a pattern looking at where these kids lived. Considering the children’s initial symptoms started typically
Lyme Disease is also known as borreliosis. Borreliosis is an infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi (a bacteria). The bacteria that is transmitted is unlike any other organism--it can survive without iron. All other organisms need iron to make protein and enzymes. This causes the body’s immune system to break down and makes the body more susceptible to sickness.This disease is spread by ticks. The National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases states, Lyme Disease is the most common
Kristie Benejan 05/11/2018 Lyme Disease in the United States Part 1: Epidemiological sheet: • Causative Agent: Borrelia burgdorferi (2); spirochete bacteria (5) • Route of Transmission: Via a tick bite: Ixodes scapularis (US and Canada) and Ixodes pacificus (pacific coast) (3)(5) • Population: o United States: 96% of cases found in 14 states mainly located in the North East (including Connecticut, Maryland, Main, Delaware, and others) o International: Found in Asia (China, Korea, Japan) and Europe
Lyme Disease Background “Lyme disease is a tick borne spirochete bacterial infection that is characterized by a rash in the area of the bite, headache, neck stiffness, chills, fever, myalgia, arthralgia, malaise, fatigue, and possible development of arthritis in large joints” (McCance, Heuther, Brashers, Rote, 2010). Lyme disease’s clinical manifestations occur in three stages: Localized infection, disseminated infection, and late persistent infection. Localized infection occurs shortly after
Whirling disease is an affliction that can occur in trout, salmon, and whitefish. Whirling disease is the result of an infection by the parasite Myxobolus cerebralis (M. cerebralis). Whirling disease was first documented in Germany and it is known to affect fish in several countries around the world and half of the states in the United States of America. Since the discovery of whirling disease in Colorado, biologists have been working to figure out how to eradicate or reduce the effects of devastation
period, neurological abnormalities may arise, such as encephalitis, meningitis, and more! Some people even have cardiac problems. Fun Facts(though not very fun): Anyone want to know the name of this bacteria? Its abbreviation is Bb, which stands for Borrelia burgdorfe...
The prognosis for patients diagnosed with Lyme disease is typically very good and curable when patients are treated early on with proper antibiotics. Although, it is common for patients to have lingering symptoms of fatigue, joint or muscle achiness or pain after they finish a 2 to 4 week course of antibiotics (CDC). Patients that were treated late or were treated with antibiotics other than amoxicillin or doxycycline may develop difficulties with memory, fatigue, and concentration as well as chronic
1991. True numbers may indicate hundreds of thousand cases. Because of its rapid increase, the cultivation of vaccine that is safe and effective has become a priority (Steere et al., 1998). The suspect of such disease is a spirochete bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. It is transmitted
Lyme borreliosis is caused from the bacterial spirochete B. burgdorferi (“A History of Lyme”). It is a zoonotic disease carried by vectors and transmitted biologically (Tortora, Funke, and Case, 410). Lyme borreliosis has diverse symptoms, from a rash to neurological problems (Tortora, Funke, and Case, 651). The recommended treatment is antibiotics, but even with treatment some people still experience post treatment lyme disease syndrome (CDC). It is an Emerging Infectious Disease and is endemic
bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted to humans through bitten by infected ticks (CDC data 2013). In the early 1900’s doctors in Europe discovered a disease pattern that created redness and rashes that were associated with tick bites. In the 1970s children in the United States specifically in the region of Lyme, Connecticut were developing these rashes and other symptoms associated with the bacteria found in Europe. The condition was called Lyme disease and the Borrelia burgdorferi that was
TO DIAGNOSE DISEASE (Lyme borreliosis or Lyme disease) Lyme borreliosis or Lyme disease (LD) is the most common tick –borne illness caused by a group of bacteria known as Borrelia burgdorferi, that are transmitted to humans following a bite from an infected ticks of the lxodes ricinus species complex (Steere et al, 2004) Tick bites often go unnoticed and can remain feeding on one for many days before going off. In United States all of the Lyme disease are caused by B. burgdorferisensu lato. In Europe
of arthritis. The sickness is created by Borrelia burgdorferi, sensu stricto, which was initially recognized in 1982. In spite of the fact that the greater part of cases are accounted for from the northeastern, north focal, and Pacific waterfront districts of the nation, a few hundred cases every year are accounted for from the southern United States. People and a few creatures get this illness when they are bitten by ticks tainted with borrelia burgdorferi. Symptoms in patients generally start about
due to the close proximity of deer to population. The bite itself isn’t the problem, rather the pathogen being spread in mammals from the bite. Lyme disease occurs when a tick penetrates the skin of mammals and the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi enters. Borrelia burgdorferi is carried by ticks named the Ixodes dammini, which is the main vector for Lyme disease. These may also be known as I. scapularis, and may be found on deer (Schilling-McCann, 2010). ¬¬¬In addition to Lyme Disease, ticks may also
Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health related states or events in well-defined populations. The goal of epidemiology is to understand the causes of disease variation and limit disease, injury and death in a community by intervening to prevent or limit outbreaks or epidemics of disease and injury. Epidemiology provides the most compelling evidence for measuring environmental risk to humans. Epidemiologists are public health professionals who investigate occurrence
Next month I’ll be visiting some great friends on the East Coast. A vacation I’m thoroughly looking forward too and have earned. As my friends and I excitedly plan our excursions, like sightseeing, hiking and swimming in grand lakes I suddenly remember and blurt out; don’t forget to bring bug repellent spray, specifically for ticks—ticks and Lyme disease beware! My friends giggle at my “worry wart” ways, but they take heed to my concern. They know that as a Neurofeedback and Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy
Both prokaryotes and protists have negative and positive impacts on humans. Prokaryotes and protists are both used in a variety of ways by humans today. They can affect humans in the way of disease, which can be deadly, but also help humans with environmental issues too. Also, both provide food sources for humans which are beneficial. Most prokaryotes are bacteria, which can cause many human diseases. In fact, bacteria cause about one half of human diseases (Reece et. al, 2011 p583). Some examples
Lyme Disease is the most common tick-borne illness in the United States as well as Europe. While Lyme disease is not found in all areas of the United States, it was the seventh most common notifiable disease in the year 2012 (CDC). Not only is the number of Lyme Disease cases rising, but 95% of the confirmed cases are from only thirteen states, these states being Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Virginia