Biogas is a clean environment friendly fuel. Raw biogas contains about 55–65% methane (CH4), 30–45% carbon dioxide (CO2), traces of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and fractions of water vapours. A typical composition of biogas can be seen on the following table: Table 1: Biogas typical composition Component Formula Concentration (% by vol.) Methane CH4 55-70 Carbon dioxide CO2 30-45 Nitrogen N2 0-5 Oxygen O2 <1 Hydrocarbons CnH2n+2 <1 Hydrogen sulfide H2S 0-0.5 Ammonia NH3 0-0.05 Water (vapour) H2O 1-5
according to the research conducted by Gautam, Baral and Herat (2009), when Gorkana, the largest landfill in Nepal got filled up, the waste management authorities started dumping wastes along the banks of River Bagmati. Conversion of organic wastes to biogas through anaerobic digestion offers the best solution to organic waste management (Zhang et al. 2014). Similar trend is seen in Malaysia where the landfills are almost reaching their life span due to improper management (Jereme 2013). This technology
Biogas can be used as vehicle fuel when it has been cleaned. The biogas cleaning consists of water (H2o) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) that lead to separation of carbon dioxide from normal biogas (60 % Methane and 40% Carbon dioxide) content (Petersson & Wellinger, 2009). Biogas production from energy crops like maize, ley and sugar beet is the efficient resource compare with bioethanol fuel because it provides high energy yield (Börjesson, & Mattiasson, 2008). Biogas produced through the different
Introduction Energy is a valuable source to people around the world and overtime we have become much dependent upon fossil fuels. Fossil fuels include coal, oil, and natural gas. Although these resources are abundant, they will not always be readily available to us. That is why we need to begin searching for other renewable resources that can create more energy. Biomass is a very important renewable resource and has the potential to be our gateway to a cleaner future. What is Biomass? According to
How can alternative sources of energy be harnessed effectively? Biogas has been found to be a sustainable source of energy which is creates less emissions compared to coal and oil (1). Due to everyday needs and wants of the growing populations of the world, natural resources have been used and over used to a point where they are no more as available, such as fossil fuels in Kristianstad(2). This unfortunately creates concern for the future however, an alternative source of energy has been found and
A. Introduction Biogas – a term that has been synonymous to the rural culture, a viable alternate to the rapidly depleting conventional sources, a resource whose production is cheaper, and almost cent percent of the raw materials used to produce it get utilised. Owing to the tremendous rise in the fuel consumption, we need to search for substitutes – one that can replace (the already not-so-left resources), revive (a less polluting option) and replenish (the present state of livelihood). In this
Sagarmatha Pollution Control Committee, the two government agencies with jurisdiction in the area (“Mount Everest Biogas Project,” 2018). Both offered strong support for the project (“Mount Everest Biogas Project,” 2018). Additionally, the MEBP has gained approval from the Gorak Shep Teahouse Owners Association for the site of the digester, indicating local support and cooperation (“Mount Everest Biogas Project,”
INTRODUCTION: - In India, there is a large quantity of chicken waste produced. The poultry industry is growing day by day all over the India. The objective of this paper is to show that the chicken waste can be used as the feed material to produce biogas [1]. Energy is broadly classified as non renewable and renewable. Generation of renewable energy is done from natural resources and can be replenished within a short period of time. There are some renewable energy sources such as waste biomass, hydro-power
=Rs 406610 Toatl mannur = 12%* 557* 365 = 108*365 = 24396kg/ annum Selling price of mannure = Rs 10/kg Income from mannuar = 243960 / annum Case 3. Solar biomass hybrid system: Solar Energy will provide energy for cooking lunch whereas the biogas system will we used for the night meal cooking and it will also use for sublimating energy during the cloudy days. As per the designed system, out of 247kWh energy 137 kWh will come from solar and 105 kWh from
combustion of biomass releases sources of nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, Biofuel 3 and hydrocarbons. There are many types of biofuel; some common ones include methanol and ethanol, biodiesel, and biogas. The combustion of manure produces one type of biofuel known as biogas, which composes of 65% methane. Biogas can be harvested from manure through a process... ... middle of paper ... ...gy/1183636805.22/?searchterm=biofuel 3. (2003). A History of Biodiesel/Biofuels. Retrieved July 28, 2007, from
and then fed into a reactor is used to provide villagers with biogas. 2.2 Effects of the cooking techniques used Firewood storage takes up a lot of space. It also takes several hours to collect each day and when burnt it produces a lot smoke which is harmful to local residents. Not all the villagers have access to biogas stoves. For those villagers that use biogas there is no smoke when cooking, but they do not have access to biogas all year round. 2.3 Current designs used Open-fire and mud stoves
How alternative sources of energy can be harnessed effectively In this age of power lack, substitute sources, which are required to fix the problem of both a lack of sources and polluting the environment, have been paid more and more attention than ever before. There are many kinds of substitute sources of power that are modifying our life progressively, such as solar panel technology, breeze power, atomic power, tidal power, wave power etc. To be able to use these substitute sources successfully
Growing up, like any normal child, I had to follow certain rules set by my parents. Both of my parents are very resourceful and economical, and as a result, food is never wasted in our household. From a young age, my sister and I have been taught to take onto our plates only what we can finish; if we fail to do so, we are scolded without fail with one variation or another of the “think about the poor children in Africa who have nowhere near as much food as you do” lecture. My mom always tries to
with the organization. The IEEE also conducts conferences and seminars, which allow for the collective review of the new developing technol... ... middle of paper ... ...ical and Electronics Engineers) Works Cited AZOCleantech. Life Saving Biogas Digester System to be Demonstrated at IEEE Conference. 5 April 2010. 6 April 2010 . Dobreff, Michael. Auto-Mobi.info. 28 March 2010. 4 April 2010 . Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. IEEE at a Glance. 2010. 4 April 2010 . Institue
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy • http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/solar-cell.htm • http://www.technologystudent.com/energy1/solar7.htm • http://www.ecovillage.org.in/ecopedia/alternate-energy/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-biogas/ • https://www1.eere.energy.gov/wind/wind_ad.html
Municipal Solid Waste Management in India: In India, according to the Ministry of Environment and Forests "municipal solid waste" includes commercial and residential wastes generated in municipal or notified areas in either solid or semi-solid form excluding industrial hazardous wastes but including treated bio-medical wastes. In simple words the municipal solid waste can be defined as the waste that is controlled and collected by local authority and municipality. Municipal Solid Waste Management
fermentation residue. Fermentation process can be slower or interrupted by many factors: the oxygen, the light, temperature, unsuitable temperature, unsuitable reaction, unappropriate humidity or high environmental toxicity. The main components of a biogas plant are the conditioner, fermentor
Common approaches and Interventions to improve well-being of slum dwellers Common characteristics of slums are high crime rate, gender based violence, poor health services, water quality, poor sanitation and severe poverty. These living conditions deteriorates people’s well-being. In addition, population in slums continue to grow due to urbanisation. Generally, most developing countries are not able to deal with the situation effectively because of constraint financial resources. However, numerous
In Garbage Land: On the Secret Trail of Trash, Elizabeth Royte describes the fate of all the garbage thrown out by people (Royte, 2005). It is a fascinating trail, as she shows a territorial, economic, and ecological perspective of the garbage disposal system. She had visited the Gowanus Canal, a filthy place near her home in Brooklyn when she started questioning herself about garbage. This made her follow up on the processes involved after garbage collection in an effort to learn how they get to
Resource recovery and waste management are rapidly becoming global concerns as depletion of non-renewable resources is inevitable without significant intervention. In many cities, the existing technology and infrastructure have the potential to operate far more efficiently with less resource use and more recovery than they are currently achieving. National policies should encourage long term Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) solutions focused on the sustainability of non-renewable resources