The phylogeny started off with Proconsul heseloni as the common ancestor to Sivapithecus indicus, Australopithecus afarensis, and Australopithecus Africanus. The reasoning for this was from the approximated age of Proconsul heseloni of 23 million years ago. This places Sivapithecus indicus roughly 15 million years after, suggesting that Sivapithecus indicus directly evolved from Proconsul heseloni. From Proconsul heseloni, it was decided that three species evolved from it. These species included
months long, similar to humans (Price, October 4). One species in particular is Australopithecus Afarensis. Afarensis is one of the best known and longest living early human species (Australopithecus Afarensis). Afarensis was found in Eastern Africa around 3.85 million years ago and lived until around 2.95 million years ago. Afarensis is one of the early Australopithecines and also among the smaller in size (Australopithecus Afarensis). It had various features that distinguish it from other species,
Anthropology 101 Report: Australopithecus Afarensis By Kristofer Buell In Anthropology 101 Report, I have finally decided to do it based on the Australopithecus Afarensis. The reason that I chose the Australopithecus Afarensis as my subject for my research report is due to me finding them to be an interesting species and an interesting subject for my report to be based on. This paper it will talk all about facts, statistics, fossils, etc. Examples of the facts that will be shown are: Similarities
A Closer Look at Lucy: Sexual Dimorphism and Speciation in Australopithecus In his peer-reviewed article, “Sexing fossils: a boy named Lucy?,” James Shreeve discusses, in detail, a study on sexual dimorphism and possible speciation in Australopithecines in Hadar, Ethiopia, based on the famous A. afarensis specimen, “Lucy.” In the article, “Lucy’s kind takes humanlike turn,” the author addresses sexual dimorphism and speculates on sex-based differences in behaviors in A. afarensis. The two articles
Australopithecus Afarensis The species A. afarensis is one of the better known australopithecines, with regards to the number of samples attributed to the species. From speculations about their close relatives, the gorilla and chimpanzee, A. afarensis’ probable social structure can be presumed. The species was named by Johanson and Taieb in 1973. This discovery of a skeleton lead to a heated debate over the validity of the species. The species eventually was accepted by most researchers as
The Evolution of Humans The evolution of humans was (and is) a very important time. The first being of evolution was Australopithecus Afarensis or “Lucy”. Then we moved on to Homo erectus and Homo Neanderthal. When the weather got hotter, we were Homo Sapiens Sapiens and finally, the modern man. This evolution did not happen overnight. It took millions of years. The past is hardly forgotten, but the imminent is next. The future of evolution is being studied as well as the past. Most people were skeptical
actually, including but not limited to, Australopithecus afarensis and Homo erectus. Homo erectus may have been a direct descendant of modern Homo sapiens. These species hold strong evidence that they are the missing link between apes and modern humans. There are many pieces of evidence that lay the path of evolution from these species to modern humans, “…these include anatomy, living primate behavior, and genetic relationships” (Stanford, 237). Australopithecus afarensis comes first, existing about
The third major trend in hominine development is the gradual decrease in the size of the face and teeth. According to the Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia ’98, the fossil evidence for direct ancestors of modern humans is divided into the category Australopithecus and Homo, and begins about 5 million years ago (See figure 1). Between 7 and 20 million years ago, primitive apelike animals were widely distributed on the African and, later, on the Eurasian continents (See figure 2). Although many fossil bones
were in excavated to the National Museum of Ethiopia where they could then be analyzed and reconstructed using CT scans. A new genus (Ardipithecus) was specially created so that Ardi would be distinguished from the previously established genus, Australopithecus. Within the species name, “ramidu... ... middle of paper ... ...ng in the Taung child. South African Journal of Science 101, 567-569. Alexeev, V.P., 1986. The Origin of the Human Race. Moscow, Progress Publishers. Spoor, F., Leakey, M.G
the most and still is the most complex and diverse human created so far. In conclusion, the Homo Sapien is the most complex creature and it gets most of its features from past ancestors. The Homo Sapien gets its walking upright ability from the Australopithecus Genus. We get our large molars from the the Paranthropus Genus. We also get our cultural and artwork abilities from the Homo Erectus group. We learned our craftsman skills from the Homo Habilis group. Overall the Homo Sapien’s group is very
The History of Human Evolution By definition, human evolution is the development, both biological and cultural, of humans. Human ideologies of how the evolution of man came to be is determined by cultural beliefs that have been adopted by societies going back as far as the Upper Paleolithic era, some 40,000 years ago. Through the study of paleoanthropology, we have come to determine that a human is any member belonging to the species of Homo Sapiens. Paleoanthropologists, while studying the
1 Australopithecus afarensis who existed 3.5 million years ago and a 4.4 million year old skeleton of an Ardipithecus ramidus are the closest science has come to discovering the human lineage. Shattered Ancestry an article written by Katherine Harmon discusses the remains of two hominids found within Ethiopia. These skeletal remains have created a huge controversy within the topic of evolution questioning many assumptions that have been made referencing the human lineage. The skeleton of the Australopithecus
species of the genus Homo and Australopithecus.’ The first bipedal hominid would have been the Australopithecus anamensis. Australopithecus anamensis tibia fossils which were found showed strong bipedalism, the tibia found had a right angle between the shaft and the proximal surface and dates back to 4.2-3.9 million years ago. Australopithecus aferensis is another species that exhibit bipedalism; they lived about 4 to 2.8 million years ago and evolved from the Australopithecus anamensis. Lucy which happens
This Austrolopithecus afarensis was suggested to be the intermediary species between anthropoids and man. In the beginning, people were suspicious about the Taung child because Dart was responsible for the Piltdown hoax and was quite young to be evaluating the skull. Hence, people thought he would be too inexperienced to deal with such an important fossil. Also, the location of the Taung child was inconsistent with the theories of the time. The Taung child's skull was very unique because it was complete
On November 24, 1974, an American Anthropologist by the name of Donald Johanson and his research team, made a ground-breaking discovery that caused a mass dispute in human evolution. Dr. Johanson documented in his book, Lucy The Beginning Of Mankind, the discoveries he and his team have come across. Dr. Johanson and his team discovered a skeleton of a hominid, dated between 3.9 to 3 million years old (164). The hominid, which they referred to as Lucy, was discovered while surveying Hadar, in the
This fossil was found in a rugged desert-like site on the western shore of a lake in northern Kenya. This is by the Topernawi river drainages in Turkana district in northern Kenya. This fossil is known to be twice as old as Lucy, a famous Australopithecus afarensis, which is only about 1.8 million years old itself. The age of this fossil has been established because it was found in between layers of different aged soil. Eight meters below the Tulu Bor Tuff and 12 meters about the Lokochot Tuff
Lucy The discovery of Lucy is our oldest and most complete human ancestor. She is less than 3.8 million years old hominid of Australopithecus afarensis, which was discovered in November 24, 1974 by Donald C. Johanson and Tom Gray in the Hadar region of Ethiopia. They named her Lucy in reference to the well-known Beatles song "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds", which played over and over as they celebrated their findings. This uncovering of Lucy was very fascinating and answered many questions to
The short, broad modern human pelvis has evolved from a taller, narrower pelvis of the chimpanzee or gorilla. Lucy's pelvis, the first Australopithecus Afarensis skeleton to be recovered, differed from a chimpanzee’s pelvis. In the structure of the hipbones, a chimpanzee’s are facing straight forward, whereas in Lucy’s the pelvis was much more human like as it was small & wide but it required
Bones Don’t Lie The Creationist and Evolutionist worldview is one of, if not, the most controversial issue ever debated, and has been for centuries. The two oppositional worldviews are at, what seems to be, an unending war. Mainly because of their many blatant differences like: the age of the earth, the fossil record, the origin of plants and animal, but none more prominent than the issue regarding the origin of mankind. The Evolutionist worldview believes that everything in the universe: “a process
In the 1970s Donald Johanson and his team were searching for fossils in East Africa and in 1974 Johanson and his team found a complete skeleton of an adult female hominid, which then was nicknamed Lucy. By carbon dating they found that Lucy lived roughly 3.5 million years ago. Lucy’s discovery is significant because to date she is the oldest hominid found with a complete skeleton. In the early 1978 Mary Leakey made an important discovery in Tanzania, which is located in East Africa. Mary Leakey and