Global Foot and Mouth Disease Control Strategy,2012.) In some parts of Asia, Africa, the Middle East and South America FMD are an endemic. (FMD Reference Laboratories Information System, 2014.) According to the OIE (2012) the virus of the genus Aphthovirus, family Picornaviridae causes FMD. FMD virus consists of seven stereotypes, the following: O, A, C, SAT 1, SAT 2, SAT 3 and Asia 1. [OIE, 2012. Food and Agriculture Organization, 2014 (FAO) and Foot and Mouth Disease.] In South Africa the 3 types
followed, FMD can be readily re-introduced into disease-free livestock. Once this occurs, the disease can spread rapidly through a region, particularly if detection is delayed Etiology The foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a member of the genus Aphthovirus in the family Picornaviridae. There are seven immunologically distinct serotypes - O, A, C, SAT 1, SAT 2, SAT 3 and Asia 1 - and over 60 strains within these serotypes. New strains occasionally develop spontaneously. FMDV serotypes and strains