Phonics is described as “understanding letter-sound relationships, as well as larger letter pattern/sound pattern relationships” (Ruddell, 2009). Though in my opinion there is a lot more to phonics than this. There are several aspects to phonics, different types of phonics, negatives to the idea, and several ways to teach it. In this paper I will address all of these based on research I found, the discussion I had with my peers, and my own opinion.
There are different aspects to phonics that should be taken into account by teachers. The first is how important phonics is to children. It is said that “both phonics and fluency need to be taught, practiced, and nurtured in the earliest stages of reading instruction and provided to students at any age” who aren’t proficient in certain aspects of reading (Rasinski, Rupley, & Nichols, 2008). I believe this to be true and that learning phonics at an early age and gaining complete understanding of it before second grade will improve several other aspects of the reading process. This leads into another aspect that phonics is not only important to develop the basic skill of relating sounds to letters but to help children read. The National Reading Panel (the NRP) found that phonics instruction helped children learn and improve other very important skills to help their reading. These other skills included decoding, reading pseudo-words, word identification, spelling, oral reading, comprehension, and general literacy (Garan, 2001). This is a topic that was discussed in the self study discussion in class. We believe that with the knowledge of phonics a child will be able to have greater fluency, better understanding, and increased vocabulary (these all being other self study topics). With this...
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Works Cited
Garan, E. M. (2001). Beyond the Smoke and Mirrors: A Critique of the National Reading Panel Report on Phonics. Phi Delta kappan, 500-506.
Joseph, L. M. (2000). Using Word Boxes as a Large Group Phonics Approach in a First Grade Classroom. Reading Horizons, 117-127.
Krashen, S. D. (2002). Defending Whole Language: The Limits of Phonics Instruction and the Efficacy of Whole Language Instruction. Reading Improvement, 32-42.
O'Donnell, M. P. (2001). Do Intensive Phonics Programs Help Struggling Readers? The New England Reading Association Journal, 4-10.
Rasinski, T., Rupley, W. H., & Nichols, W. D. (2008). Synergistic Phonics and Fluency Instruction: The Magic od Rhyming Poetry! The New England Reading Association Journal, 9-14.
Ruddell, R. B. (2009). How to Teach Reading to Elementary and Middle School Students. Boston: Pearsin Education.
This article provides the rationale for introducing a phonics screening check in Australian schools, detailed explanations of its development, implementation, and result in English schools, and also recommendations for a phonic screening in Australia. Furthermore, the author has attempted to research and document a method that is believed can improve Australian children literacy level and their reading ability not only nationally but also internationally. By implementing the Year 1 Phonics Screening Check and demonstrate how systematic phonics is being taught across the country and in individual schools, it is believed that it can improve teaching methods. The article makes an exceptional initiation to implement new education policy scheme in Australia. Despite there was a lot of research in this teaching method, seeing the result and evaluation in the implantation in Australia will add new knowledge on this
Phonemic Awareness and Alphabetic Principle in addition to Phonics and Decoding Skills provide students with early skills of understanding letters and words in order to build their reading and writing skills. Students will need to recognize how letters make a sound in order to form a word. While each word has a different meaning to be to format sentences. While reading strategies for Reading Assessment and Instruction, I was able to find three strategies for Phonemic Awareness and three strategies for Alphabetic Principles which will provide advantage for the student in my research and classroom settings.
Reading is an integral aspect of succession in life and is required to complete the simplest of tasks. Therefore the teaching of reading, which in England is done mainly through a programme of systematic synthetic phonics, is of great importance in all primary schools. The word phonics, “describes the letters or symbols used to encode a language’s spoken components” (Venezky, 1999. Cited in Mesmer and Griffith, 2006) and the “importance of systematic phonics instruction in relation to the teaching of reading has been increasingly recognised by English-speaking countries” (Wyse and Goswami, 2008). This is most likely due to as Venezky (1999) states, because English as a language is made up of an alphabetic code.
Six principles for early reading instruction by Bonnie Grossen will be strongly enforced. It includes Phonemic awareness, each letter-Phonemic relationship explicitly, high regular letter-sound relationship systematically, showing exactly how to sound out words, connected decodable text to practice the letter phonemic relationships and using interesting stories to develop language comprehension. Double deficit hypothesis which focuses on phonological awareness and rapid naming speed.
The current controversy involving phonics instruction appears to center on two questions: “How much knowledge of letter-sound connection is necessary for the development of conventional reading and writing?” and “Can sufficient phonological knowledge be acquired by children through informal, indirect instruction,
The FLaRE (Florida Literacy and Reading Excellence) Center has published a professional paper entitled “Phonemic Awareness” of which I will be presenting a critical review. Phonemic awareness is one of the five essential components of reading identified by the National reading Panel (Learning Point Associates, 2004). Phonemic awareness can be defined as a person’s understanding that each word we speak is comprised of individual sounds called phonemes and that these sounds can be blended to form different words (Learning Point Associates, 2004). The article was intended to give a synopsis of phonemic awareness and the vital role it plays in a literacy program. I found the article to be very clear and concise presenting valuable tactics that can be applied in the classroom.
During adolescence, I began reading and writing through a fundamental learning program called, "Hooked on Phonics." This program consisted of long hours spent reading short novels and writing elementary phrases which were commonly taught in the second and third grade. With the motto, "Improve your child's reading and writing skills in just four weeks!" I was bound to become the next Mark Twain. The method of this course specialized in the improvements of word acquisition rates as well as reading speed; however, it lacked in the area of teaching comprehension. At a young age, I was instilled with the dire need to be highly educated and although I was unable to experience a fun and adventurous childhood like many other children, I am grateful for being raised with a greater knowledge and wisdom than that ingrained in many.
Kindergarten students spend all year struggling with their phonological awareness skills. A large portion of time should be spent on how to teach children how to rhyme blend sounds, substitute sounds, and recognize onset and rhime. Students should be coming into kindergarten possessing at least the basic phonetic skills of rhyming. These basic skills are lacking when entering the classroom in the fall. Without these essential skills children have a much more difficult time becoming fluent readers. When students lack phonological processing skills children are often times predisposed to reading disabilities (Institute for Education Reform, 1997). These sk...
Looking upon my time here at Central Michigan, I recall in previous courses that phonemic awareness is how we interpret the sounds in a word. Essentially, being able to hear and identify these sounds of our language. After deeply focusing on Phonological and phonemic awareness over the course of a few weeks, it is clear that my prior knowledge isn’t far off. Both of these skills involve sound and can be processed with eyes closed—no printed material. After much research, these skills are vital to a child and their development; they aid in spelling, alphabetic principle, and letter-sound correspondence. If this skill is not obtained by a child, he or she will have a difficult time with reading and comprehension in addition to poor spelling.
There are numerous ways to teach a child how to read. Yet most of the methods can be divided in two groups; the whole-language approach or phonics. There has been and still is a major debate about which method is best. The method that is the best strategy to teach children ages six-ten to read is phonics. Phonics teaches people to read by linking sounds with letters or groups of letters in an alphabetic writing system. Phonics helps to improve a learner’s sense of phonemic awareness; the ability to hear, identify, and the use of phonemes; the simplest sound a letter makes. The main objective of phonics is to assist beginning readers how to identify new written words by blending the sound-spelling patter...
Emerging readers need to have understanding of the literacy elements. These readers need to have knowledge of what letters are and that letters make sounds. They also need to have knowledge that letter sounds form words in order to be a developing early reader. Children should and need to having phonemic and phonological awareness to become excellent readers. Phonological awareness consists of skills that typically develop gradually and sequentially through the late preschool period (What is Phonological Awareness?, 2013). They are developed with direct training and exposure. It is the teacher’s job as well as the parent’s job to help and aid in forming this awareness. This essay will explain what emerging literacy is, the
The results reveal some implications to me. First, it suggests that the intervention should not focus narrowly on phonological awareness. More activities, such as learning alphabetic principle or decoding may help readers to transfer the knowledge and get a better learning gain. Second, it may help students to achieve better results by extending training days longer rather than increasing the daily training duration. It is particularly important for me in designing my evaluation study. Others studies suggest that the training must be longer than 4 weeks (8-9 based on Torgesen, 2001). A fewl limitations, however, may reduce the reliability of the results. As mentioned by the authors, the small size and the lack of verbal IQ scores limit the conclusions. The lack of the posttest data makes it difficult to identify the possible long-term learning
“I have been recommending the Phonics Game to children, teens and adults who have been diagnosed with dyslexia for over ten years. All of those who I re-tested after using this program were reading at or above grade level.” (Robert Myers, Ph.D. –Clinical Psychologist)
First, I would like say I would rather call it the five aspects of reading, instead of the five aspects of phonics, since reading is such a complex cognitive task that all children must learn to master in order to be successful in all core subjects. I think many children would say learning to read is “hard”. It all aspects that is very true. Learning the rules of the English language is a quite complicated task. English has some many rules and sometimes those rules contradict each other. Why do we place letters in words if it doesn’t add meaning or sound? Why can I sound out some words and not others (sight words). These were many questions I asked my own teachers when I was learning how to read. Why is there a “k” in knife, that makes no sense
Phonological awareness (PA) involves a broad range of skills; This includes being able to identify and manipulate units of language, breaking (separating) words down into syllables and phonemes and being aware of rhymes and onset and rime units. An individual with knowledge of the phonological structure of words is considered phonologically aware. A relationship has been formed between Phonological awareness and literacy which has subsequently resulted in Phonological awareness tasks and interventions.This relationship in particular is seen to develop during early childhood and onwards (Lundberg, Olofsson & Wall 1980). The link between PA and reading is seen to be stronger during these years also (Engen & Holen 2002). As a result Phonological awareness assessments are currently viewed as both a weighted and trusted predictor of a child's reading and spelling and ability.