With the development of human society, civilization is incessantly progressive. One aspect of human civilization’s progress is political civilization. Democratic politics can be considered to be the representatives of political civilization. When people refer to the history of human progress, they find that human beings struggle to achieve this great goal and no one can stop the human desire for political freedom. In 2011, one more country took a step towards democracy. Egypt is in the ancient, sacred and conservative Middle East. Egyptians are cheering for their own political aspirations as they overthrew Mubarak’s dictatorship, and are gradually making efforts to establish a democratic and peaceful country.
Egypt was known as a totalitarian state. From Dickerson (2010), totalitarianism is a modern form of despotic rule in which the state undertakes to remake society according to an ideological design. Mubarak matched that definition and has ranked 20th on Parade Magazine's 2009 World's Worst Dictators list.
Even though Mubarak was said to be one of the World's Worst Dictators, he persisted in ruling the country in a totalitarian style. He attempted to remake society to produce his kingdom; in order to help himself and his family, he embezzled hundreds of millions of dollars. ABC News indicated that experts believed the personal wealth of Mubarak and his family was between US$40 billion and $70 billion.
Mubarak was a very powerful leader and let law become an arbitrary tool to govern people. Since 1981, Following Sadat's death, Mubarak became the fourth president of Egypt, and the chairman of the National Democratic Party (NDP). He was the longest serving Egyptian president and his term lasted 29 years. Hosni Mubarak and his N...
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...FRANCE 24. Retrieved March 17, 2012, from http://www.france24.com/en/20110125-egypt-braces-nationwide-protests
Michaels, J., & TODAY, U. (n.d.). Egypt protests focus on jobs, wages - USATODAY.com. News, Travel, Weather, Entertainment, Sports, Technology, U.S. & World - USATODAY.com. Retrieved March 17, 2012, from http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2011-03-18-egypt18_ST_N.htm
More of the World's Worst Dictators | Parade.com. (n.d.). PARADE Magazine | Parade.com. Retrieved March 16, 2012, from http://www.parade.com/dictators/2009/more-of-the-worlds-worst-dictators.html?index=10
Mubarak Family in Egypt Accumulated Wealth From His Days in Military - ABC News. (n.d.). ABCNews.com - Breaking News, Latest News & Top Video News - ABC News. Retrieved March 17, 2012, from http://abcnews.go.com/Business/egypt-mubarak-family-accumulated-wealth-days-military/story?id=12821073
Any study on Modern Egyptian history naturally begins with Nasser, Egypt’s first President after the Free Officers revolution in 1952. Nasser was the foremost proponent of pan-Arabism, an ideology that called for close ties between the Arab states, presumably under the leadership of Egypt, one of the most powerful states in the Middle East at the time. Compared to other states in the Arab World, Nasser’s Egypt was stable, militarily powerful, and independent of foreign influence. From this position of re...
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi has set many expectations for himself that include bringing restoration to Egypt and it’s people.
Ancient Egypt was a single tightly organized state for much of its history (Centanni, n.d.). In all its phases, the Egyptian government was led by the pharaoh. The pharaoh was held to be descended from gods, with the power to assure success and control the rituals that assured the flow of the Nile and the fertility derived from irrigation. Wanting gods to favor Egypt, the entire population of people did not hesitate to carry out laws that the pharaoh placed upon them. Egypt’s pharaohs claimed additional power and authority as actual incarnations of the gods
A dictator is a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained power by force, and generally not liked by the community. The major dictators of the 20th century left an infamous legacy behind them, all using similar tactics during their reign. Mussolini, dictator of Italy from 1922 to 1942, used his power to abolish all other political parties in Italy, thus making him superior. Hitler gained dictatorship in the 1930’s. In that time, he purged opposition and used his newly confiscated power to create his definition of superior humans, annihilating entire groups due to them not meeting his criteria for appropriate human value. Stalin exterminated millions who opposed them and expelled all free expression. The leaders had similar rises to power and methods of that assumed power.
...d took control of the Gaza Strip once again. Anwar el-Sadat then became president after Gamal Abdel Nasser died in 1970. In an effort to take control of the Sinai Peninsula, Anwar el-Sadat attacked the Israelis. After a cease-fire, the United Nation’s troops then returned to keep things peaceful. Israel then later withdrew and was only allowed to use it for non-military purposes. In 1978 a peace treaty was established between Egypt and Israel which influenced more peace in the Middle East. Although a formal treaty was signed in 1979. In 1981 Sadat was assassinated and Mohamed Hosni Mubarak followed him in presidency. The Sinai Peninsula was then returned to Egypt in 1982 after the Israeli troops withdrew from the region. Mubarak embraced Sadat’s policies and managed to climb to the top and be once again making Egypt known as one of the leaders of the Arab world.
Ridel, B, 'The real losers in Egypt's uprising', The Daily Best Online, 13 February 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011< http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2011-02-13/al-qaeda-absent-in-hosni-mubaraks-fall-and-egyptian-revolution/>
Many researches believe that ancient Egypt is the founder of the modern country-state political and ruling system, but unfortunately, the truth is less pleased and democratic. We have no doubts that the Egyptian pharaohs were probably the first rulers to use religion and ideology for their own political and selfish motives as ruling the country, getting the support of their folk, but on the other side of the coin, they also used the frightening of their people and other brutal and bloody methods as a leverage for keeping the power in their hands and preventing any riots or other issues.
Egypt has seen its fair share of foreign influence “from Ottoman in the sixteenth century up to French and British in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.”1. Time and again Egypt’s society has been subjected to foreign empires. Egypt was subjected to British occupation from the 19th century into the 20th century. In the early part of the 20th century, Egypt was able to gain its independence from Britain, but not after years of rebellion and protest from the Egyptians.
Once a monarchy now a republic, many years later the country has faced many conflicts and flounder times, most recent the revolution of 2011, which left the country in a broken state. With success and effort to rebuild, Egypt still faces some major economic challenges. These challenges range from: reestablishing security, bringing back business, reforming subsidies, and labor intensive industries and exports. Strengthening the country’s army and government is one of the most important challenges, but leading businessmen and attracting tourist, and billionaires to come back is another very difficult challenge. Reforming subsidies and ending government controlled industries, and exports are also issues that face current president, and the rest of the government. While broken, Egypt contributes to the world economy, by providing our raw resources, many previous innovations, and exports. Bouncing back from a revolution is tough, but Egypt can become beneficial to our businesses and labor force and way of life, by growing back into prosperous and tourist full country. It can also become a host for many big industries to boost its economy even more. If Egypt remains on the same track, they are bound to have a good economy, as we can see from changes like the real growth rate which doubled within 2014 to 2015. Another change is their unemployment rate it has decreased from 13% to
The Arab Spring is an extremely prominent issue today. This refers to the series of protests and civil wars that have been occurring in the Arab World due to discontent with government, human rights violations, poverty, and other factors. Countries where this is an issue include Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Syria, Algeria, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, and Sudan. One of the countries hit hardest by the revolution was Egypt.
In the past 30 years Egypt has received over a billion dollars in aid. With the current regime constantly not stable enough to keep their leader in power and government trust at an all time-low we are forced to look at what this aid is actually providing. Throughout this essay I will guide you through the logistics of distributing such large aid packages, the impact, and why this practice is hurting, not helping the U.S. Egyptian citizens neither profits, nor wants the U.S in their everyday life. We have no business in their country and they have no business in our pockets; when this tie is severed both parties will be better off.
...ucts and fuels. Currently, Egypt imports more oil than it produces and by 2020, their reserves will be depleted. Unless Egypt can get their government back up and running, their economic future will continue to be bleak.
The transition to democracy, according to Welzel and Inglehart (2008) is affected by social and cultural factors that accompany modernization. Modernization is likely to lead to an increase in economic development, which is conducive to democratization. Improved economic conditions have been...
There have been enormous efforts to spread democracy as a political system throughout the world by the developed democratic countries and the international development organizations including the World Bank. By the late 1990s the United States alone spent over a half billion dollars to promote democratic expansion throughout the world (Diamond, 2003). These were done considering that the democratic system leads towards development. As a result in the late 20th century we saw a huge political transformation towards democracy. During the last few decades a huge number of countries adopted democracy as their political system. However, it retain a big question how far democracy is successful in bringing development of a country? At this stage, some people also criticizes the effort of democratization arguing that it is done without considering the context of a country, sometimes democracy is not ideal for all countries and it is an effort to extinct diversity of political system. In studying the literature regarding the debate, we found a paradoxical relationship between democracy and development. Some argue that democracy has failed to ensure expected outcomes in terms of development. While others confronted that democracy has a considerable impact on development. Another group of people argue that form of political system actually does not have any impact on development process. On the verge of these debates, some development institutions and academics throw light on why democracy is not working properly, and what measure should be taken to make it more successful in bringing effective development of developing countries. Consequently, this writing is an effort of revisiting the different views about impact of democra...
Egypt as a state; their politics are organized under a multi-party semi-presidential system, where the executive power is divided between the President and the Prime Minister. Egypt also holds regular multi-party parliamentary elections; which is separated by the Parliament of Egypt, The People’s Assembly, and the Consultative Council as described by...