The Sri Guru Nanak Darbar Gurdwara was produced from cast in-situ reinforced concrete and stone panels that were designed to be load bearing such as the external skin of the cavity wall. Each stone panel rests above one another, bonding with epoxy resin to ensure a weather tight fitting is present while being tied back to the concrete structure with stainless steel ties. To ensure Part L requirements are covered, a 100mm cavity filled with high-performance insulation between the stone and concrete is present.
Whilst referring to CAD drawings produced by Calford Seaden architects, the project architect Mark Stott, described the project as being a giant air fix kit. This is due to stonemasons in India that manufactured, cut, shaped and carved big quantities of detailed designed marble and granite followed by shipping these to the UK on quarries. These included the big marble domes, extremely decorative stonework and arched windows. Each stone element had a marked reference to enable simplicity in assembling correctly when it arrived on site. The building columns are carved solid pieces of stone, which is bored and wrapped around each conventional reinforced concrete column. Stone thicknesses differ, however a minimum of exactly 40mm was established for flat panels while increasing to 200mm for larger more ornate panels, some which weigh up near towards a tonne. Due to the weight of these panels, the stonemasons from India came over to assist with installations to prevent chipping and damaging edges from shipment and so that they can make any alterations or adjustments which may be required on site.
The structure was kept simple as possible to enable feasibility and efficiency in construction. Overall, conventional in-situ rein...
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...ure Experience | Bedford Gurdwara. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.calfordseaden.co.uk/gurdwara-gravesend. [Accessed 01 December 2011].
Gravesend Gurdwara - Place of Worship Project - EngDesign Consulting Engineers. 2011. Gravesend Gurdwara - Place of Worship Project - EngDesign Consulting Engineers. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.engdesign.co.uk/projects/gravesendgurdwara.html. [Accessed 01 December 2011].
Shri Guru Nanak Darbar Gurdwara, Gravesend. 2011. Shri Guru Nanak Darbar Gurdwara, Gravesend. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.gurunanakdarbar.org/. [Accessed 01 December 2011].
sikhchic.com | The Art and Culture of the Diaspora | The Gurdwara at Gravesend. 2011. sikhchic.com | The Art and Culture of the Diaspora | The Gurdwara at Gravesend. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.sikhchic.com/article-detail.php?id=1953&cat=14. [Accessed 02 December 2011].
members.home.net - Locus of resources for this Indian religion and philosophy features QuickTime movies of important events in Sikh culture.
How it was built it was built with hard work and determination the foundation of it is timber granite and
I learned Mandir is a place where Hindu go to worship and not only that it is a house of god, but also
Despite being one of the world's largest world religions, Sikhism remains one of the most unknowledgeable and misunderstood traditions in America now. It is overseen and viewed in a lens based off assumptions of events that have occurred over the years. The lack of understanding has brought up too many serious consequences for their community including discriminatory policies, prejudiced stereotypes, shocking school bullying and violent hate crimes. To begin, Sikhism is a religion originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent about the end of the 15th century. It is known as one of the youngest of the major world religions! The vital beliefs of
Throughout the years, technology has changed the way live. This has included the way we build magnificent buildings. Old wonders like the Pyramids at Giza have fascinated people for years. There is another building concept that has attracted people’s attention for ages as well, domes.
Constructed in the 7th Century, home to a government, a religious pilgrimage site, the residence of the Dalai Lama, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and located at twelve thousand feet above sea level, Potala Palace is an amazing architectural feat and the most important building in Tibet. The palace is admired as the symbol of Tibet as well as an illustration for the religious struggle for purification. Influences, both ancient and unexpected, relate this sacred symbol in stone to the rest of the world, both new and ancient, with a classic architectural language, which is paramount to any social or political society.
A diversity of skilled laborers was employed to build a framework required to raise stones required to make ceramic tiles for rooftops. Specialists were utilized to measure the fittings to fortify the block of stones to form the essential paraphernalia for modeled scenes. Athenian sculptors discretely etch sculptures for the roof and columns of the temple’s structures. Columns are made of limestone and marble as a foundation to support the ceilings. For example, the Parthenon, made in 447 B.C. to 432 B.C. in Greece, representation of a municipal designed by architects that took interest in each part of the development. The Greek establishments have been fundamental to the general architectural exquisite components regularly that utilizes of reconstructing a whole building. Despite the fact that the Ancient Greeks constructed numerous buildings, the temple best represents the points and techniques for the designs that the Greeks signify. The temple ordinarily fused on at least one or more sections of columns encompassing each of the four sides. The perpendicular formation of the temple adjusted to a request to alter the course of structures bound together by the standards of symmetry and
There is a famous quote by writer Joseph Campbell that says, “Your sacred space is where you can find yourself again and again”. That says, everyone has a sacred space. For some that is their bedroom, for others it is a religious or spiritual place. No matter what, however, everyone gets the same feeling, the same release from their sacred place, but some people must go further, or make a pilgrimage to get to their sacred space or spaces. I will be addressing the sacred places of pilgrimage in Buddhism.
Samuel Seium. I attended a Sikh temple that is located outside of Baltimore, Maryland with a friend who is Sikh and commonly attends the services. The temple was the size of a regular sized church and appeared to have a common Sikh temple design. Before entering the temple, it is customary to take off your shoes. My friend and I attended this event on a Sundays. Although the temple is open seven days a week, in America it is common for Sunday to be the busiest day at the temple because that is when the major religious group in this country attends their services so the Sikhs at this temple do the same. In the prayer room, we sat on the floor and crossed our legs. There was a person in the front of the room that was leading prayers. However,
Masses of innocent Sikh civilians, dressed in traditional, Indian clothing, gathered at the Golden Temple on June 8th, 1984. People gathered to celebrate an important religious holiday, the anniversary of the death of their fifth guru, Arjan Dev Ji. Women dressed in salwar kameez, and men dressed in kurta pajama. Priests recited the daily prayers, as individuals listened and paid their respects. Afterwards, they sat on the floor together and ate langar (simple food provided by the temple), as equals. In this way, Sikhs expressed the ideals of equality, and unity. However, soon this holy shrine and its pure marble floors would be stained with corpses and blood. Almost 36 hours of gruesome fighting between militant Sikhs and Indian government soldiers ensued shortly after. For the first time in the 400 years, the 24-hour prayer vigil had ceased.
Fanella, D. (2011). Reinforced concrete structures: analysis and design / David A. Fanella. New York: McGraw-Hill, c2011.
Equality and Human Rights Commission Guidance. Guidance on the wearing of Sikh articles of faith in the workplace and public spaces. 2010. Web. .
As one of the greatest structures in Rome, the Pantheon was built between 118 and 128 CE. It is described as the most remarkable ancient building surviving in Rome. After being destroyed and rebuilt twice, it was renamed the “Temple of the Gods”. In 126 AD, the Pantheon was restored to its glory, by the architects who at that time has learned and mastered their craft in concrete construction in the Greek Classical order. They constructed a massive 25 foot thick walls which was to support the huge dome made of concrete to be placed at the top. The dome was the largest ever made of unreinforced concrete at 43.4 meters in diameter (Matthews, Roy and Platt pg. 5).
One of the greatest feats of architecture is shown through the construction of the countless Egyptian pyramids. This construction process was a gargantuan task in the eyes of the modern builder, however these pyramids were beyond the wildest dreams of such a primitive society. The building material of a large portion of the pyramids is a modular stone cut to desire dimensions of whomever was in charge of building designs of such enormous structures. This matter of having a uniform building material shape and size is indicative of influence of Harappan culture on the Giza region of Egypt as Harappa was one of the first built environments to see the use of sun-dried mud bricks as construction material. The Egyptian pyramids are lacking in the use of a mortar-like substance that would hold the massive stones together, so it is shown that the Egyptians had their own style of architecture that best fitted their needs in their given environment. The purpose of the pyramids is called into question in reference to what their shape and size was. The whole idea of no “directly vertical” walls creates almost a rough dome-like structure giving off the idea that it is somewhat of a fortress, moreover an
For many years we have seen many different architectural structures come and go. From the pyramids to the Colosseum to the Eiffel Tower to The Twin Towers. Every architectural structure derived from another in some way shape or form. Whether it's from the use of columns or arches or blocks or bricks. The Great Pyramid of Giza is in fact one of the most influential architectural structures known to date. In this paper I will show how The Great Pyramid of Giza has influenced some of the most famous architectural structures known to date. Now let's get to know a little bit about the Great Pyramid of Giza.