John Locke talks of the gradual opening of conscious mind which according to him is initially empty (a tabula rasa). This empty mind, a tabula rasa, is shaped by sensations and reflections or experiences in general. In some thoughts concerning education, Locke expressed his belief on the importance of education in development of man. He says that the extent of their goodness and usefulness boils down to their education (Piel, 2002). The impressions that the mind gets in childhood are lasting and form the basis of self. He expressed this in his “associations of ideas” and his views on this later came to be known as “assocationism”. Associationism as a theory was very influential and warned parents from allowing their children have to develop negative associations. Rousseau believed that education should teach the pupil mastery of self to live a virtuous life in a world which is not perfect (Fingerman, & Lang, 2004). He believed that proper environment and guidance form a tutor will guide the student through the learning experiences. The experiences of the results of right and wrong rather than physical punishment are learning tools. This view is shared by modern psychologists. He advocated for developmentally appropriate education to match the need to the child at every stage of its development. John Bowlby had a keen interest in child development and concentrated his research on that. His research on the mental health of the homeless kids on Europe after the war led to the conclusion that lack of warm and continuous relationship between a mother and kid affects the mental health of the kid negatively (Newman, P., & Newman, B., 2007). Although the results of his findings were contested, recent developments have confirmed that ... ... middle of paper ... ...iences that I have had to date inform my decisions. Education has also been very influential in life just as John Locke said it could and should in development of man. Works Cited Fingerman, K., & Lang, F. (2004). Growing Together: Personal Relationships across the Life Span. New York: Cambridge University Press. Lerner, R. (2002). Concepts and Theories of Human Development. New York: Routledge. Newman, P., & Newman, B. (2007). Theories of Human Development. New York: Routledge. Piel, J. (2002). Theories of Human Development: A Comparative Approach. New York: Allyn and Bacon. Reisert, J. (2003). Jean-Jacques Rousseau: A Friend of Virtue. New York: Cornell University Press. Rider, E., & Sigelman, C. (2008). Life-Span Human Development. New York: Cengage Learning. Shaffer, D. (2009). Social and Personality Development. Mason, OH: Cengage learning.
Jean Jacques Rousseau in On Education writes about how to properly raise and educate a child. Rousseau's opinion is based on his own upbringing and lack of formal education at a young age. Rousseau depicts humanity as naturally good and becomes evil because humans tamper with nature, their greatest deficiency, but also possess the ability to transform into self-reliant individuals. Because of the context of the time, it can be seen that Rousseau was influenced by the idea of self-preservation, individual freedom, and the Enlightenment, which concerned the operation of reason, and the idea of human progress. Rousseau was unaware of psychology and the study of human development. This paper will argue that Rousseau theorizes that humanity is naturally good by birth, but can become evil through tampering and interfering with nature.
Schuster, C. S., and Ashburn, S. S., (1980). The Process of Human Development: A Holistic Approach. Boston: Little, Brown and Company Inc.
Crandell, Thomas. Crandell, Corinne Haines. Zanden, James W. Vander. (2009). Human Development. New York: McGraw-Hill.
John Locke, one of the most influential philosophers of his time, was born on August 29, 1632 in Wrington, a small village in England. His father, also named John, had been a lawyer as well as a military man who once served as a captain in the parliamentary army during the English civil war. Locke’s parents were both very devout Puritans and so to no surprise, Locke himself was raised with heavily Puritan beliefs. Because Locke’s father had many connections to the English government at the time of his growing up, John was given a rare gift at that time, an outstanding education.
For this assignment I have chosen Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory and Erik Erikson’s psychosocial development theory.
In his Second Treatise of Government, Locke proposes an idealized state of nature in which men are self-sufficient and content. The implications of his idealized population lead him to derive the existence of government from its own theoretical roots: Locke proposes government as a naturally occurring consequence of his state of nature. This derivation is founded on the injustice of man in his natural state: it is the imperfections found in the state of nature that necessitate government. This paper aims to show why the inequality caused by the existence of a market economy is an intentional and necessary path from Locke’s state of nature to the existence of the commonwealth. It will first argue that unequal possession is an inevitable consequence of property as defined by Locke. It will then show why this inequality is a necessary transition out of the state of nature for mankind. It will finally argue that each man’s consent to currency, and the injustice it brings, is the foundation for the overall consent to the commonwealth. The existence of inequality is naturally introduced and maintained throughout Locke’s argument. Hobbes successfully defends that economic inequality is both a natural and crucial part of political society; both the inequality of human ability and the resulting economic inequality precede the existence of an ideal state.
As Roy Grant clarifies, “Child poverty increased from 16% in 1979 to 22% in 1983, with an inner-city child poverty rate of 31%. Families with young children headed by a single parent were the most vulnerable;” Grant also explains the effects that these types of conditions have on a child. ”Homelessness is an especially powerful negative life event for a child because it is generally associated with multiple stressors, including loss of property, disruption of school and community relationships, and dramatic changes in family routine.72 Studies by Bassuk and Rubin73 and Bassuk74 in the Boston area showed that half of homeless school-age children met criteria for a diagnosed psychiatric disorder based on screen with a standardized instrument. Children who screened positive for symptoms of depression frequently had symptom severity exceeding that of children treated for depression at community clinics”(2, 4). People often don’t think about the child’s mental conditions when the child is constantly living with the ups and downs of living in poverty and that the severity of it all can affect them for the rest of their
First, Jean-Jacques Rousseau focused on the child 's freedom and learn in nature. Now we can find schools that focus on the child 's freedom and independence. According to Rousseau, the school environment should be natural like environment that helps children to flourish. In addition, they can depend on the sense that they experience in nature, and he believed that ‘children should be freed from
Crain, W. (2011). Theories of development: Concepts and applications (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
In a state of nature, each man, as the possessor of reason and free will, is cognitively independent and equal, and so, by implication, politically independent and equal (Braman 07). Locke knew that men were there own learning tools within themselves. Not only did they learn from there mistakes, which was known for centuries, but, they also grew from one another and took what they needed for there own well mental development (Braman 09) Just like mankind has been doing for as long as anyone can remember, they have been working there owns ways of life out for themselves and to learn from one another and not from someone or something telling you how you should be living.
Johnathan Robert’s life has been characterized by a keen ability to self teach. At two years old, he suffered an accident that broke his femur. Within weeks of his caste being removed, he relearned the skill of walking. At no older than six years old Johnathan had received numerous ear surgeries yet refused to allow his speech to reflect any of his hearing loss. By the age of seven, he had effectively taught himself how to read and write. According to the philosophy of John Locke, Johnathan’s knowledge did not come from innate ideas or principles, but rather from experiences and sensations. Although John Locke’s thoughts were monumental, flaws exist in the rejection of innate ideas.
In his “An Essay Concerning Human Understanding” John Locke discusses personal identity where he tries to show that personal identity depends on our memories. Locke also discuses some of the changes that are possible in our constitution that still result in the same personal identity. However, I think that Locke fails to account for certain aspects of memory that effect personal identity which leads me to think personal identity may not be what Locke proposes it to be.
John Locke was born in 1632. He earned his bachelor’s Degree in 1656 and a master's degree in 1658. In 1690 Locke’s An Essay Concerning Human Understanding appeared. From this came Tabula rasa. This then laid the foundation for environmentalism. Locke was an English philosopher who was regarded as one of the “most influential of enlightenment thinkers” and “important to social contract social” (Wikipedia). Locke died in 1704 never being married or having children. His theories are a part of what we practice today.
Ultimately, “…it is delightful to realize that through education human nature will be continually improved, and brought to such a condition as is worthy of the nature of man. This opens out to us the prospect of a happier human race in the future” (Kant, Theory of Education). These children are to be educated as ends in themselves, and their dignity should be respected. (1)