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Racism in sport and its impact on society
Racism in sports abstract
Effect Of Racism In Sport
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Racism if traced back to the 19th century has been predominant; we may refer to the apartheid era in South African where many of blacks were maltreated by the whites because the whites seem to view them as inferior. Does racial discrimination also exists in sports? Yes. Racial discrimination has also impacted negatively on the ethics of sports and the code of conduct of athlete. Is of no surprise that racial discrimination has mainly welcomed itself into sports, has this has been an issue which have perplexed many of sports analysts the 21st century. But, what are likely the effects of racial discrimination on sports?
Firstly, an atmosphere where sport activities are performed is very hostile. An instance where racial discrimination is prevalent, riots may occur during which sports such as crickets, soccer, and baseball, basketball now become less preferred due to the preference of some athletes to others as a result of their colour, culture and race. An instance of this kind of incident is the ill treatment of some players by fans racism at the Spain v. England international football match in Madrid on 17 November 2004 (Bradbury, & Williams, 2006 p.61). This shows how racial discrimination has negativity impacted on sportive activities. Many of athletes are concerned about their personal safety when registering for sportive tournaments, such as the Olympics. The safety of the spectators and the athletes is very important in different sports, if this issue is not resolved, the situation which sportive activities may soon be stagnated and even In such an atmosphere, no athlete will never participate, even thinking about registering his or her name for any sportive events.
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Works Cited
REFERENCES
Armstrong, K. L. (2011). 'Lifting the Veils and Illuminating the Shadows': Furthering the Explorations of Race and Ethnicity in Sport Management. Journal of Sport Management, 25(2), 95-106.
Bradbury, S & Williams, J (2006). New Labour, racism and ‘new’ football in England. Patterns of Prejudice, 40(1), 61-82. Doi: 10.1080/00313220500482704
Maynard, J. (2009). Football barriers - Aboriginal under-representation and disconnection from the 'world game'. Soccer & Society, 10(1), 39-56. Doi: 10.1080/14660970802472650.
Hartley, A. (2012). Racial abuse blight on football. The Jamaican observer. Retrieved February, 12, 2012, from http://www. Jamaica observer.com/sports/racial-abuse-a-blight On-football 10760313
Warren St.John reports on the story of one woman who impacted her community in more ways than she probably realized. Luma Mufleh is a young woman originally from Jordan, who came to America for college and moved to Clarkston, Georgia. As a lover of soccer, she worked at the YMCA until she met a group of boys who showed more passion for the sport than anyone she had ever coached before. These kids were the refugees whose families had to move to America to escape wars in their homelands. They were looking for better place to live and economic opportunities. These kids and their families were caught somewhere between the cultures of their native homes and the new ways of life that was presented by America. Luma noticed the natural talent in all of these kids. She noticed the love for the game of soccer in these kids. She made a team called the Fugees. Fugees came from the refugees. Luma trained the kids with the strict discipline like mandatory practice, cardio and tough attitude. She told if someone misses more two game sessions you are off the team (St.John 109). On the field, Luma faced bigger challenges. “When Luma told kids to divide up into the groups for drills, they would instinctively divide themselves according to their ethnic backgrounds or common languages. In scrimmages, boys would overlook open teammates to pass their own kind. And each group, she learned, had its own prejudices toward others” (St.John 60).
Home. Entertainment, 1996.. Walker, Sam. A. “How Blacks View Sports in Post-Robinson Era.” (cover story). Christian Science Monitor 1997: 1.
Newman, Joshua I. 2007. Army of Whiteness? Colonel Reb and the Sporting South's Cultural and Corporate Symbolic. Journal of Sport & Social Issues 31 (4): 315-39.
Dramatically different percentages of blacks and whites engaged in various sports are not random events. It appears that blacks concentrate on sports in which future economic incentives exist, and in which exclusive training facilities, equipment, and personalized coaching is not necessary during the developmental years. On the other hand, whites tend to gravitate toward individual sports in which developmental expenses are relatively high; they tend to engage in team sports in which future employment as professionals is minimal.
It seems certain that Anglo-American males are victims of the unfair and discriminatory practices of the National Basketball Association. Further, society has by now created such obstacles to the success of Anglo-American basketball players that some sort of inte...
On April 15th 1947, Jack Roosevelt Robinson played his first game for the Brooklyn Dodgers. Jackie, went without a hit in a game which would have been noted only in sports almanacs were it not for the color of his skin. At Ebbet's Field that day, Robinson broke baseball's “color barrier.” The integration of Black athletes into White mainstream sports had begun. Robinson endured a variety of slanderous yells, racial epithets and even hurled objects. The fact that African Americans would be discriminated against in sports was never more apparent. Today, that same vitriol manifests itself in various forms of discrimination. Rhetorical forms of discrimination are just as damaging today as outright bigotry was then. Though rhetorical racism is not as overt, it continually influences an audience that is largely unaware of its existence.
Asian Americans must go above and beyond what is expected in the industry, compared to white and black Americans who seem to have it much easier. “Always, it is the Asian who assimilates, who must explain his or her presence and professionalism, who must earn the right to exist and speak, who must prove his or her authority and credibility” (Agtarap, 1994, p.267).... ... middle of paper ... ... Retrieved December 9, 2004 from http://www.cds http://sree.net/quotes/chron2.html Portrayal of race, ethnicity and nationality in televised international athletic events.
Most everybody can come together and enjoy sporting events. By saying “everybody”, that includes all races: white, black, Hispanic, Asian, and so on. Sports are America’s past, present, and future. Among athletes, which race is represented most predominately in the majority of sports?
With reference to racial segregation against African Americans, there were specific school and hospitals set for each group. Blacks and white were not supposed to mingle as blacks were viewed as a worthless race that needed to terminate (Kwate 45) No sexual relationship between black and white was allowed hence the two races could not marry. Blacks were assumed to be inferior both genetically and intellectually. Today, racial segregation continues to manifest itself in different forms, sports being among the major areas. In sports racism has worked to the disadvantage of the blacks who and races from less developed countries (Jarvie, 107) In fact looking at the most prestigious football clubs there is white dominance despite the blacks possessing equal talents and skills to the
Specifically during the Gilded Age, African Americans, women and the lower-class were all discriminated against in sporting arenas just as they have been in every aspect of American society. Unfortunately early on in the Gilded Age, sports clearly showed the "significant under-representation among key equality and diversity groups in society"(http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/era.cfm?eraid=9). However, as sports became more popular, Americans came to the realization that there were barriers that needed to be broken between minorities, women and different social-classes. Changing the face of America, the history of sports started off from being games played primarily for entertainment and leisure, to creating equality amongst everyone. The history of sports has been marked by division and discrimination but also has affected modern popular culture and changing social attitudes and standards towards gender equality, social-class and race.
Historical and sociological research has shown, through much evidence collection and analysis of primary documents that the American sporting industry can give an accurate reflection, to a certain extent, of racial struggles and discrimination into the larger context of American society. To understand this stance, a deep look into aspects of sport beyond simply playing the game must be a primary focus. Since the integration of baseball, followed shortly after by American football, why are the numbers of African American owners, coaches and managers so very low? What accounts for the absence of African American candidates from seeking front office and managerial roles? Is a conscious decision made by established members of each organization or is this matter a deeper reflection on society? Why does a certain image and persona exist amongst many African American athletes? Sports historians often take a look at sports and make a comparison to society. Beginning in the early 1980’s, historians began looking at the integration of baseball and how it preceded the civil rights movement. The common conclusion was that integration in baseball and other sports was indeed a reflection on American society. As African Americans began to play in sports, a short time later, Jim Crow laws and segregation formally came to an end in the south. Does racism and discrimination end with the elimination of Jim Crow and the onset of the civil rights movement and other instances of race awareness and equality? According to many modern sports historians and sociologists, they do not. This paper will focus on the writings of selected historians and sociologists who examine th...
Jarvie, G. (2012). Sport, Social Division and Social Inequality. Sport Science Review. 20 (1-2), 95–109.
Miller, Patrick B. Wiggins, David K. Sport and the color line: Black athletes and Race relations in Twentieth-century America. 2004. The Journal of Southern History 70 (4) (Nov 2004): 990.
Dealing with the issue of sport and ethnology, three major factors come to mind; prejudice, racism, and discrimination. These factors span across gender, ethnic, racial, religious, and cultural groups. In the following paragraphs, I will discuss how these factors have played a part in the evolution of sport in our society. The first issue tackled in this paper will be racism in sports, followed by prejudice and discrimination.
Since the end of Jim Crow laws and the signing of the Civil Rights act and the Brown vs. Board of Education law, much of society believes that racism, especially in sports have ceased. However, racism is still embedded in the cloth of American society. Racism in society and in sports may not be overt as it