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contribution of carl marx to sociology
contribution of carl marx to sociology
karl marx biograpical essay
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Karl Marx's Life and Work
As a German philosopher, a politician, and an important figure within the Communist League, Karl Heinrich Marx birthed a new way of looking at things through his beliefs, ideas, and writings. Karl Marx was considered to be “…certainly one of the most important minds of modern times”(1). He wanted to know more about philosophy, so that he might understand the political and social system better.
http://csf.colorado.edu/mirrors/marxists.org/archive/marx/photo/index.htm
On May 5th, 1818, in Trier, Karl Marx was born of Heinrich and Henrietta Marx in the German Rhineland. Studies say that Karl’s family was of a large size, consisting of about four children: Karl, Sophie, Emilie, and Luise. His mother, whom belonged to a family of Hungarian Jews, died in 1863,yet was always considered to be a lovely wife and mother. The Jewish blood that ran through the family ultimately impacted Karl’s fate. When Karl was six years old, he adopted Christianity because at the time it was considered as an act of civilized progress. His father, a highly educated lawyer whom admired eighteenth century literature (of the French Enlightenment), was a “Prussian patriot” and a Jewish believer. Karl and his father held a personal relationship, to which they enjoyed a close friendship. His father did indeed influence him greatly, but Karl “did not believe in the power of rational argument to influence action,” (2) as did his father.
In high school, Marx was a good student, whom often expressed interest in the peasant community. He also evolved into a reader of new romantic literature. In 1835, he was a student at the University of Bonn and had ...
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...death influence the lives of many.
Notes:
1. Robert C. Tucker, Philosophy and Myth in Karl Marx (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction
Publishers, 2001), 233.
2. Isaiah Berlin, Karl Marx: His Life and Environment, 4th ed. (Oxford [Eng.]; New
York: Oxford University Press, 1978), 22.
3. Franz Mehring, “Karl Marx: The Story of His Life”, Chapter One: Early Years,
October 2000 http://www.marxists.org/archieve/mehring/works/marx/ch01.htm (10-29-01)
4. Mehring, 3
5. Mehring, 6
6. David Riazanov, “Karl Marx and Frederick Engels”, An Introduction to Their Lives and
Work, 1927, <http://csf.colorado.edu/psn/marx/other/Riazanov/Archive/1927-Marx/>.
7. Riazanov, ch 2
8. Riazanov,ch 4
9. David Mclellan, Karl Marx: His Life and Thought (New York, Evanston, San Francisco,
London, 1973), 451.
Kreis, Steven. “The History Guide: Lectures on modern European Intellectual History”. http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/marx.html October 18, 2013
Karl Marx 's writing of ‘The Communist Manifesto’ in 1848 has been documented by a vast number of academics as one of the most influential pieces of political texts written in the modern era. Its ideologically driven ideas formed the solid foundation of the Communist movement throughout the 20th century, offering a greater alternative for those who were rapidly becoming disillusioned and frustrated with the growing wealth and social divisions created by capitalism. A feeling not just felt in by a couple of individuals in one society, but a feeling that was spreading throughout various societies worldwide. As Toma highlights in his work, Marx felt that ‘capitalism would produce a crisis-ridden, polarized society destined to be taken over by
Karl Marx’s was a German philosopher, economist and evolutionary socialist born in Germany on May 5th 1818. His theories mostly consisted of the capitalist economic system. Marx’s attended the University of Bonn and University of Berlin. He is widely recognized for his theory of on the class system which included the concepts of base and super-structure. Marx’s theory of the class system is well exhibited by the documentary film, Class Dismissed: How TV Frames the Working Class.
A small historical background on Marx is beneficial to understanding the views he holds. Marx was born in 1818 during the destabilizing effects of Industrial Revolution and by the ideological and political forces unleashed by the Enlightenment and the French Revolution. His commitment to radical social change and atheism were still unpopular to the authorities of his home, Trier, Prussia. Marx then moved to France, where he married his childhood friend, Jenny von Westphalen, daughter to ...
In the Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx, with the help of Friedrich Engel, advocated for the violent overthrow of capitalism and the creation of a socialist society. According to Marx, “The history of hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles” (184). Notably, Marx and Engel were the main proponents of communism. Marx’s main argument was that the society is the product of class conflict that results in different social classes with opposing economic interests. Importantly, Marx believed that the society comprised the oppressor and the oppressed, and the two are in constant conflict with each other. The ensuing conflict results in the revolutionary reorganization of the society, or the ruin of the opposing classes. Therefore, Marx, like Kant, saw the institutions of a given society as influential in determining its future. However, Marx argued that traditional institutions were unsuitable for a free and just society that respected human dignity. For example, he saw the modern bourgeoisie society as a product of the “ruins of feudal society,” meaning that the modern society is yet to resolve class antagonisms (184). Indeed, he sees the modern-day social classes as the products of the serfs and burgesses of the middle ages. In this regard, he claimed that the modern social structures are the products of a sequence of revolutions in the systems of production, as well as exchange. However, modern social structures are yet to enhance equity in the society. Therefore, Marx advocated for a revolution that would change the existing social structures and prepare the society to adopt communism. Unlike Kant’s idea of freedom of speech, which is a mind influencing process, Marx seemed more violent by the stating that “let the ruling classes tremble at a communistic revolution”
The society in the time of Marx’s writing dealt with many past events in which their faith and social standing was questioned. The latter part of the Scientific Revolution, around the middle of the seventeenth century, greatly influenced a change in faith with the public as a whole due to the new developments brought about by scientists. Up to that point, the Church, which controlled the thought process of Europe throughout most of the previous centuries, had not ever really been challenged in terms of the theories taught. The Church said that Earth was the center of the universe, whereas philosophers, such as Copernicus and Galileo, proved oth...
Since the 1800’s, Karl Marx has been popular for his philosophical writings. He brought to the table many of ideas and influences in his writings. Some of the key topics that Marx keened in on had to do with alienation and the bourgeoisie. Through critically analyzing these topics, Marx’s ideas can be made clear and related back to society. One topic that I will use to connect Marxism to is family. Marx’s ideas help think of family in a different light and analyze it even further.
15Karl Marx was born on May 5, 1818 to Heinrich and Henrietta Marx in the historical city of Trier. Karl was one of seven children raised within a comfortable middle class home provided by his father. Marx’s father worked as a counselor-at-law at the High-Court of Appeal in Trier. David McClellan believes that, “Trier first imbued Marx with his abiding passion for history.”1 Although the Marx family was linked to a long lineage of Jewish ancestry, Heinrich converted his family to Protestantism in order to keep his position at the courthouse. “Some have considered this rabbinic ancestry to be the key to Marx’s ideas and see him as a secularized version of an Old Testament prophet.”2 Overall, Marx was raised in a very loving, supportive, environment, and maintained a special relationship with his father throughout his life.3
He would also spark the friendship and collaboration with his lifelong colleague Friedrich Engels. He would go on to produce the important works such as The Poverty Of Philosophy, The German Ideology, and the Communist Manifesto. His ideas of communism have inspired and been adapted and adopted by many governmental systems. In America, we can thank Karl Marx for our inclusion of Governmental safety nets. I chose Karl Marx because I believe in the conflict theory of viewing society as the rich vs. the poor competing for resources. I also like his ideas on exposing the problem industrialization separating man from the finished product of his labors. I believe the separation of man from the fruits of his labors and the McDonaldization of modern jobs has lefta majority of society unfulfilled with their
One essential task of a political theorist is to theorise about human nature. It is important to have the understanding of human nature because how humans are conceptualised in their ‘natural’ form determines the general direction of theories constructed. Upon having said that, however, human nature is easily discernible or knowable. Albeit claims by theorists such as Rousseau who declared to have discovered the real human nature, which is the savage man who is independent and not tied to anyone and any community except himself, Marx’s views are more complex to decipher. On one hand, his writings are extremely polemic and in another his contemporaries have assigned multiple meanings to his writings in an attempt to fur...
The German thinker, Karl Marx (1818-1883), wanted to understand and explain the changes that occurred in society at the time of the Industrial Revolution in Europe. (ibid) In 1843 Marx met Engels in Paris. It marked the beginning of a lifelong of friendship and professional collaboration. In 1848 Marx and Engels published “The Communist Manifesto”. The Manifesto outlined the struggles between classes. From then onwards it has become apparent that Marx was not an economist. His theories are a combination of economics, history, sociology and politics. Marx moved to London in 1849 where he spent the rest of his life.
Inspired by the works of Karl Marx, V.I. Lenin nonetheless drew his ideology from many other great 19th century philosophers. However, Marx’s “Communist Manifesto” was immensely important to the success of Russia under Leninist rule as it started a new era in history. Viewed as taboo in a capitalist society, Karl Marx started a movement that would permanently change the history of the entire world. Also, around this time, the Populist promoted a doctrine of social and economic equality, although weak in its ideology and method, overall. Lenin was also inspired by the anarchists who sought revolution as an ultimate means to the end of old regimes, in the hope of a new, better society. To his core, a revolutionary, V.I. Lenin was driven to evoke the class struggle that would ultimately transform Russia into a Socialist powerhouse. Through following primarily in the footsteps of Karl Marx, Lenin was to a lesser extent inspired by the Populists, the Anarchists, and the Social Democrats.
On May 5, 1818, Karl Marx was born to father, Heinrich Marx, and his wife, Henriette. Karl was born in Trier, Prussia, where he lived throughout his childhood. His father was a lawyer and his family lived among the “petty-bourgeoisie.” 1 The bourgeoisie at this point in time was considered the middle class in society. The Marx family was Jewish, but later converted to Protestantism in 1824.
Marx’s theories provided a foundation for governments, both socialist and communist, and started a global change – whether in way of thinking, or as inspiration for important movements. So, while his theories were flawed, they did influence other sociologists who followed him in the field; ‘neo-Marxism’ still inspires others today, albeit less so than perhaps during the 1960s, when social struggles became more rife (McCarthy & Manza, 2011).