Steroids
Testosterone was often referred to as the "male hormone", It is responsible for the development of the male characteristics such as lowering of the voice, hair growth, and because the male body produces much more of it than the female. However, it is responsible for stimulating quite a few other processes. Steroids are a very large class of compounds, which occur in all animalsalso. The steroids used by athletes are mostly androgenic steroids: steroids, which act like testosterone. These steroids are used to treat inflammatory disorders such as cortico steroids, which do not have anabolic effects.
Testosterone in the male is produced mainly in the testis, an a small amount is being produced in the adrenal. It is synthesized from cholesterol. The regulation of its production may be simplified which means the hypothalamus (part of the brain) produces gonadotrophin releasing hormone which acts on the anterior pituitary to increase the production of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone. The luteinizing hormone acts on the Leydig cells in the testes, causing them to produce testosterone. The follicle-stimulating hormone with testosterone acts on the Sertoli cells in the testes to regulate the production and maturation of the spermatozoa. Testosterone in turn acts on the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary to suppress the production of gonadotrophin releasing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and the luteinizing hormone producing a negative-feedback mechanism. This keeps everything well regulated. The small amount produced in the adrenal (in both sexes) is regulated by secretion of adrenal corticotrophin hormone, also secreted by the pituitary.
Testosterone, and its metabolites such as dihydrotestosterone, act in many parts of the body, producing the secondary sexual characteristics of then male: balding, facial and body hair, deep voice, greater muscle bulk, thicker skin, and genital maturity. At puberty it produces acne, the growth spurt and the enlargement of the penis and testes as well as causing the fusion of the epiphyses bringing growth in height to an end. It plays some role in maintaining the sexual organs in the adult, but only a low concentration is required for this.
The normal production of testosterone in the adult male is 4 to 9mg per day. The normal plasma concentration is 22.5nmol/l, of which 97% is pro...
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...h blood pressure, other cardiovascular diseases, baldness, stunted growth in adolescents, and enlargement of pre existing prostate tumors can persist even after steroid use has stopped. Female steroid users, in addition to the problems listed above, can have virilizing (masculinizing) symptoms when using the harsher, androgenic compounds, including amenorrhea (which is reversible), clitoral hypertrophy, deeper voice, excessive growth of body hair, loss of scalp hair and alterations in skin texture (which frequently aren't reversible). Not all of these conditions are caused by all anabolic steroids. Some of the harsher anabolic steroids will only cause these problems for a certain percentage of the users, above certain dosages. Some of the milder anabolic steroids cause almost none of these side effects. There fore, it is a mistake to state that all steroid users will come down with these side effects. Any such silly statements will be readily flamed on m.f.w. Most of the side effects of steroid use result from the conversion of testosterone to estrogen or dihydrotestosterone. Some anabolic steroids do not undergo this conversion. These steroids will have fewer side effects.
In A Separate Peace, the main characters are foils of one another. The plot is pushed along by the changing dynamics of their friendship. Their relationship begins to drift apart when their personalities clash. The changing dynamics of Gene and Finny's relationship and the revelations in Gene's personality are what move the plot along.
In the novel, A Separate Peace by John Knowles, the protagonist Gene Forrester constantly battles within himself to find the true emotion towards his friend Phineas and to find out who he really is. Gene and Phineas formed an illusion of companionship, but there was always a silent rivalry between them in Gene’s mind. In the beginning, Gene thought his feeling towards Phineas was completely normal and it will go away in time. However, as the time went on and Gene matured he found out that his feeling was much more than little jealousy but it has turned into hate. Gene Forrester develops into a mature adult when he finally accepts his feeling and faces reality.
Androstenedione, known as "andro", is made of a naturally occurring hormone of the body, which is used naturally in tiny amounts to make the male hormone testosterone. It is found in humans, animals and the pollen of many plants. Andro is produced in the gonads and adrenal glands of all mammals. It is said to help speed up the recovery of injuries along with bodybuilding and weight training to increase muscle mass. The androgens are the male sex steroids. When andro is taken it can convert the female sex steroid, estrogen into testosterone. Testosterone increases body and facial hair, acne, deepens the voice, enhances prostate growth, and promotes muscular growth. Blood levels of testosterone start rising about 15 minutes and peak about an hour after oral consumption of androstenedione. When users take too much, androgen shuts off the bodyís own making of testosterone, which can damage normal testicular function (Quinn).
"Anabolic steroids is the familiar name for synthetic substances related to the male sex hormones (e.g., testosterone). They promote the growth of skeletal muscle (anabolic effects) and the development of male sexual characteristics (androgenic effects) in both males and females”(National Institute on Drug Base).First, the benefits of steroids are very obvious to see. The user gains strength, mass, and speed in a short amount of time. Also, the user has a more aggressive attitude, which is good for football players. However, there are more bad side effects than good. The side effects include hair loss, acne, liver damage, kidney damage, increased breast tissue and becoming very aggressive. These are just some of the horrible bad side effects by using steroids.
He yearns to be apart from Phineas — “Don't give me that line. Nobody at Devon has ever been surer of graduating than you are. You aren't working for that. You want to be head of the class, valedictorian...." (Knowles 51) — pushing himself to excel in the one area where Finny does poorly. Gene is the cause of Finny’s injury, and eventually; Finny’s death. But at the end of the novel, when Gene returns to Devon, he arrives at his real peace – apart from Phineas, apart from most everything. Though he says that Finny’s life and death taught him to live properly — "an atmosphere in which I continued now to live, a way of sizing up the world with erratic and entirely personal reservations" (Knowles 202) — he reaches this place only after Finny has be irrevocably removed from his life. Gene recognizes that the only enemy he has is within himself, achieving a total, separate peace from his adolescent years at Devon. In order to create a separate peace, Gene had to distance himself from everyone – Devon, his life, Finny’s death, even his consciousness in the last few moments before he achieves
The book "A Separate Peace" contained many different and unusual, yet original relationships between the many characters in the book. There are many exciting and emotional relationships that occur in "A Separate Peace" which help the boys grow into responsible men, such as the relationships between Gene and Finny and Leper and Gene. Gene had a friendly relationship with almost everyone at school. Everyone tried to be friends with everyone else, but usually that relationship was not real or one-sided. They would all act nicely toward people to their face, but when they would leave, they would talk about them badly and behind their backs. They would never have enough courage to stand up for their beliefs and express their feelings. They were scared of being rejected.
Testosterone is a naturally occurring hormone in our bodies. Anabolic or androgenic steroids are synthetic variants of testosterone (James 7). Testosterone is good for your body when produced at normal levels. In males, it helps promote protein-building, production of sperm. It also has metabolic effects on muscle, bone, and skin (Goldman 72). Anabolic steroid’s main purpose isn’t to gain muscle they are used as medicine. They help with types of anemia, a few types of breast cancers, endometriosis, osteoporosis, and hereditary angioedema (NIDA 2). But anabolic steroids are often taken at 10 to 100 times the natural levels by athletes looking to be their best (Yesalis xxv).
About half of a man’s testosterone is actually freely in circulation, or ‘biologically active’. The other half is bound to a globulin, called the sex h...
While the effects of steroids can seem desirable at first, there are serious side effects. Excessive use can cause a harmful imbalance in the body's normal hormonal balance and body chemistry. Heart attacks, water retention leading to high blood pressure and stroke, and liver and kidney tumors all are possible. Young people may develop and a halting of bone growth. Males may experience shrinking testicles, falling sperm counts, and enlarged prostates. Women frequently show signs of masculinity and may be at higher risk for certain types of and the possibility of birth defects in their children. The psychological effects of steroid use are also alarming: drastic mood swings, inability to sleep, and feelings of hostility. Steroids may also be psychologically addictive. Once started, users, particularly athletes, enjoy the physical "benefits" of increased size, strength, and endurance so much that they are reluctant to stop even when told about the risks. Major athletic competitions, including the Olympics, routinely screen athletes to prevent steroid use.
Steroids occur naturally in our bodies. The major anabolic steroid found in our bodies is testosterone. (1) AAS is derived synthetically from testosterone. (3) Testosterone is the main sex hormone in males and is responsible for the growth effects during the years of male adolescence and into later years of adulthood. Nearly every cell in the body has proteins that act as receptors for AAS. Therefore the anabolic and androgenic response in the body is determined by the location and type of the cells and the nature of the steroid. (7) This hormone has two major effects on one’s body. The Anabolic effect promotes muscle growth by increasing the rate of protein synthesis within each cell. The Androgenic effects in testosterone are primarily responsible for traits in males such as the deepening of one's voice and the growth of facial hair. (1)
Some of the ill effects of the drugs are damage to the kidneys and liver. A person can also alter the balance of the natural hormones. This can cause detrimental affects to the body. The effects of you natural hormones being out of balance can last several years after being off the drugs. Some male user form breasts due to the use of steroids. Because of the increase in testosterone, steroids can cause serious acne problems. When used by teens is can cause stunted growth. Other side effects include genital changes, water retention, yellow eyes, coronary artery disease, ligament injuries, high blood pressure, changes in cholesterol levels, sterility and liver disease. The list goes on and on. Women that use steroids run the risk of male pattern baldness. Some effects of steroids are even worse. Some people fall into comas after injecting the drugs, some may even die from the injections (Kalawalski 13-15).
3. The primary sex characteristics enlarge and mature: in males--the testes, prostate gland, penis and seminal vesicles, in females--the ovaries, uterus and vagina (Papalia, et al., 1998).
Anabolic steroids are a type of synthetic drug that are aimed to copy the effects of the hormone testosterone. What this does is boost the levels of development of male reproductive tissues which i...
Testosterone is produced by the testes of men and the ovaries of women, as well as the adrenal glands of both sexes. Correlational studies have found that higher testosterone is associated with more sexual activity, more alcohol, more aggression and more competitive ness amongst other social behaviours that humans participate in. However the investigation of testosterones influences on social behaviours has only really just begun and hence we do not know a lot about the definitive effects of testosterone.
The male reproductive system is a set of organs that works together to produce sperm which will later in life fertilize females eggs. The testes are the most important part of the system because it produces sperm cells. It is similar and looks similar to ovaries of a female’s reproductive system because it also holds what they need to reproduce. Its job is to produce the sperm cells needed to reproduce. Due to hormonal imbalances the production of sperm cells may not even be possible in some males. Testosterone is the male the hormone that gives men there manly characteristics. It is made up of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen with a white color. In the male body it helps develop sex organs, a deeper voice, and facial hair (Khalid, 2013). Cancer or a genetic disorder in males is the most common thing that cause the reductions of testosterone production in the body. Behind the testes is the epididymis which lets sperm go through the vas deferens from the testes (Dictionary, 2014). It looks like leach the way it is position right on the testes but it is thinner. When sperm is produces the ...