Policy-makers and Demographic Patterns

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The term demography originates from Greek literally translating as ‘people writing’, and, hence refers to the statistical study of human population and its vital statistics: birth, death and migration rates. However, changes in the demographic trends not only involve the study of changes in population size, but also its structure and distribution - as, for example, its age, gender and ethnical distribution. It, therefore, can be equally applied to macro and micro level analysis, where the former is applied to the aggregates of people, groups or societies and the latter – to small groups or families within a community or local area. Periodic counts of the population and its variables are essential for political authorities and social scientists for adjustment and critical analysis of current and future policies in order to identify and solve problems generated by demographic trends in a wide range of spheres; from construction of social and welfare services like schools, family allowances, social security, health and housing; national policies on immigration, agriculture, national defence, to business activity and a study of economic change. Moreover, continuous records of demographic patterns allow for international, temporal and geographical comparisons, what is essential for assessment of progress of development. In the US, for example, Constitution provides for a population census every ten years, partly, in order that the membership in the House of Representatives may be apportioned among the states on the basis of population (Siegelman, M1969:5). One of the policies implemented as a result of demographic pressures - one-child policy in China, introduced in 1979, in order to slow down rapid and harmful population growth and ‘...

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Unknown Author. (04/16/2010) Indonesia Faces Serious Population Problem.The Jakarta Post [online] [Accessed on 10/02/2011] Available from http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/04/16/indonesia-faces-%E2%80%98serious%E2%80%99-population-problem.html] [Accessed on 08/02/2011]

Unknown Author. (17/02/2011) Student Visas: It Ain’t Broke. Plans to Discourage Foreign Students Threaten a Successful British Businesses. The Economist. [online] [Available from http://www.economist.com/node/18184446] [Accessed on 19/02/2011]

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