The aims of this study were to measure the physicochemical properties of miconazole nitrate (MCZ : a brand-name (MCZ-A) and three generic (MCZ-B, -C, and -D)) creams, to conduct human sensory testing of those creams. The flattening, viscoelasticity, and water content of each cream were measured and each cream was subjected to near-infrared (NIR) absorption spectroscopy and sensory testing. The yield value was calculated based on measured flattening and was 734.8 dynes/cm2 for MCZ-A, 1198.9 dynes/cm2 for MCZ-B, 461.3 dynes/cm2 for MCZ-C, and 3112.3 dynes/cm2 for MCZ-D. Measurement of viscoelasticity and viscosity revealed that MCZ-C had a smaller tanδ than the other 3 creams at 25ºC. NIR absorption spectroscopy revealed that MCZ-A had the highest absorption peak due to hydroxyl groups, followed by MCZ-C, -B, and then -D. Measurement of water content revealed that MCZ-A had a water content of 65.9%, MCZ-B, -C, and -D had a water content of around 56.3%. Human sensory testing revealed differences between MCZ-A and MCZ-C and between MCZ-B and MCZ-D in terms of spreadability and feel. These findings indicate that differences in water and oil content and emulsification resulted in the creams having different physical properties, such as flattening, internal structure, and dynamic viscoelasticity. NIR absorption spectroscopy, which allows non-destructive measurement of a sample’s physicochemical properties, and measurement of viscoelasticity and viscosity, which allows measurement of a sample’s dynamic viscoelasticity, revealed differences in the physical properties of creams.
Keywords: miconazole, spreadability, near-infrared, sensory test, physicochemical propertie
Introduction
Providing safe and effective drugs to individual patien...
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...c viscosity in particular is an important component of the association between physicochemical properties and feel.
In addition, creams consist mainly of additives, so a preparation can be greatly affected by additives. In studies of ACV and TA, this Laboratory compared preparations with different additives. However, no studies have compared the characteristics of preparations with the same types of additives, and no studies have examined physical properties and feel.
The current study assessed the physicochemical properties of MCZ creams with the same additives. Creams were also compared in human sensory tests. As reported here, findings provided information that allows selection of a preparation in accordance with a patient’s preferences and the intent of the prescribing physician without requiring use of the preparation in a clinical setting beforehand.
In World War II the soldiers used a jelly-like substance, called “red vet pet” to prevent themselves from the sun. Finally, Benjamin Green combined this substance with cocoa butter and coconut oil, which created the new line of Coppertone suntan cream. Coppertone has come a long way, to make their product better. As they changed the product, the advertisement changed over the years to appeal to the audience. Although both of these advertisements are being presented to get people to buy Coppertone, the modern day advertising is more appealing than 1944 advertisement; the modern day advertisement has a better focal point, action, general feeling and mood, selection of elements, and audience.
Napoleon must also be aware of the new emerging trend and preference of natural cosmetic products that have recently taken 4-7% of the cosmetics industry in Canada in the past couple of years. The shift towards natural ingredients within cosmetics that contain vitamins and properties such as palmetto oil and calendula has been due to the increased health benefits, Growing health awareness and praise from consumers and beauty experts, generating curiosity for such cosmetics who share their positive reviews and recommendations. And most recently, this is increasingly occurring online on websites such as BlogSpot and YouTube.
SUMMARIZE: The article grants information on new models in cosmetics to take the place of animal experimentation. It goes on to talk about how the European Union has now banned using animal-based test for cosmetic reasoning. Pharmaceutical companies and regulatory agencies have been using computer-like tools to assess the toxicity it has for years. The author incorporates information on cosmetics and the outlook on further research. ‘According to experts, combination of laboratory-based with virtual work will be the future of testing and is progressing faster than they expected.” (87 words)
Day by day, I was losing the radiant and shine of my skin. I was a little distressed. The day I saw age spots, wrinkles on my face, I was very upset. I adopt a number of methods to combat the visible signs of aging. But none of them could work. After watching plenty of advertisements of XYZ Smart Collagen, I tried using this cream. You won’t believe, it was just a miracle for me. With the regular use of the cream as per the directions, I was able to achieve beautiful, smoother and younger-looking skin once again.
Olson WH, Lippman JS, Robisch DM, (1998). The duration of response to norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Internal Journal of Fertil Womens Med, 43(6), 286-90
The Beauty Industry being such a wide market of services and products include providing for the care of our skin, hair, selling of perfumes and cosmetics (“What is the Beauty Industry?”2014) and now developing more extensively into basic cosmetic surgery and treatments, now gives society a big opportunity to pamper and nourish themselves in more extensive ways. Throughout this essay, the branches of dermatology and dermal therapies will be explained; common skin disorders and specifically a treatment called ‘Ultrasonic Peeling’ and how it can potentially help with skin disorders imposed today will be explored and described in detail. After the investigation of what Ultrasonic Peeling is and how it works, I will also state my opinion on how well I think the treatment benefits its users, give my evaluation if I would consider using it, what I think the positives and negatives are and in scenario, assess whether it is a treatment that more salons should consider offering.
Because of this, the review aims to contrast studies of both the positive and negatives of parabens to establish a generally accepted answer as to the safety of parabens in cosmetics; as part of that,
In their study, 40 patients were administered oral isotretinoin and were followed throughout their five month treatment. Prior to beginning treatment, comedogenic and inflammatory lesions were counted and recorded as baseline. At one, two and five months the acne lesions were recounted. By month one there was a 50% decrease of inflammatory lesions, and at the end of month two, there was a 50% decrease in comedones. Total improvement of inflammatory lesions was 86.12% at the end of treatment. 39.74% of the treatment group experienced excellent results, which is considered 80-100% resolution of total lesions. 55.27% of patients experienced good results, which is resolution of 50-79% of total lesions. With 95% of the treatment group experiencing good to excellent results, the researchers were able to prove statistically that these results are significant. While all of the patients saw improvement in their acne vulgaris, some did experience side effects. The most commonly reported adverse effects were scaling of the face (11%) and chelitis (5%). Other side effects experienced in this study include dryness, palmo-plantar peeling, and photosensitivity. Systemic side effects experienced by 5% of the patients were nausea, diarrhea and abdominal pain. None of the patients experiencing side effects required discontinuation of the medication and effects were treated
A facial is usually a one stage process as well as can contain multiple unique applications. Each type of face application has a different function and outcome. The first part of a face, after regime cleansing, is the effective use of a face rinse, as well as astringent, also known as toner, w...
The same procedure was done using 10ml of CV and 20ml of sodium hydroxide, both separately diluted to 50ml and added in a large beaker. The absorbance was recorded. In the last trial, 10ml of CV, 10ml of NaOH were diluted to 50ml. Before adding the two mixtures, 1ml of soap was added to the NaOH solution and then poured into a large beaker, along with the CV. Absorbance was recorded and the materials
Although the effectiveness of some ingredients are disputed, many people zealously contend that lip balm is a veritable panacea to a plethora of problems. Whether this is true can be determined by the chemical makeup of the product, however, as we learned. We now know why lip balm works and behaves like it does, as well as the reason for some other strange things, such as the eventual drying out of lips. It also explains why some people can become addicted to lip balms, which happens because lips crack and lose moisture, but lips feel moisturized when it is on. Tingling feeling, among other phenomena was also explained. This project will undoubtedly prompt us all to investigate the products we use a little bit further.
No lotions or fragrance and artificial ingredients should be used and can irritate the dermis similar to the use of the steroid cream applied by the mother.
While all these statements may seem truthful, they actually contain puffery, or explicit claims. The reason why these claims are explicit is because they simply cannot be measured. While this product may give the consumer “perfect” skin, there really is no scale or set standard, nor is it even remotely possible to attain perfection. Another claim this product makes that cannot be measured is that this is an “all in one” miracle; however, last time I checked miracles could not be bottled up into a cosmetic product.
With the overwhelming amount of facial cleansing products available it can be hard for the consumer to choose the most beneficial facial cleanser for their skin type. This paper will discuss three different types of facial cleansers. The first facial cleanser is Ocusoft Foaming Lid Scrub that is a non-irritating eyelid cleanser. The second facial cleanser is Clearskin professional Deep Pore Cleansing Scrub made by Avon that is formulated to fight all phases of the acne cycle. The third facial cleanser is Velocity made by Mary Kay a three-in-one cleanser. Below I will be be describing each product; listing ingredients, manufacture ratings and my personal opinion on each of these three facial cleansers.
This AHA and supplement propelled refreshment has a regularly calming sway on the skin and is an ideal component for creams and balms treating skin irritation, reclosing blemishes.