The present experimental study used a 2 x 2 between groups design to examine the effects of facial hair (beard or no beard) and participant gender on the perceived trustworthiness of a male face as seen in a candidate profile. Participants (N = 100) assessed either the candidate profile that showed a photograph of a bearded candidate or the candidate profile that showed a photograph of a clean shaven candidate. The information in both candidate profiles was kept constant except for the independent variable (facial hair). The profiles included a job description, the name of the candidate, education level, and work experience. After reading the profile, participants answered a seven-item questionnaire that measured their judgments of the candidate. Also, the questionnaire measured if gender would play a role in their perceptions of the candidate. Results showed a main effect of hair for items relating to trustworthy (trust, good, mature, would follow directions). On the other hand, there was no main effect of sex or significant interactions between hair and sex.
THE PERCEIVE TRUSTWORTHINESS OF MALES WITH FACIAL HAIR
According to Guido, Peluso, and Moffa (2011) facial hair is a secondary facial feature; which can play a role when making judgments about others (Reed & Blunk, 1990). In light of this, pass and recent studies have been conducted to investigate this process.
In a recent study, different stages of male facial hair growth were used to assess the judgments of female and male participants (Dixson & Brooks, 2013). Dixson and Brooks selected and photographed four stages of facial hair growth: clean shaven, light stubble (five days/not shaved), heavy stubble (ten days/not shaved) and full beard (6 weeks/not shaved). Th...
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...ology, 23(3), 481-490. doi:10.1093/beheco/arr214
Guido, G., Peluso, A. M., & Moffa, V. (2011). Beardedness in advertising: effects on endorsers' credibility and purchase intention. Journal of Marketing Communications, 17(1), 37-49. doi:10.1080/13527260903157383
Hellström, Å., & Tekle, J. (1994). Person perception through facial photographs: effects of glasses, hair, and beard on judgments of occupation and personal qualities. European Journal of Social Psychology, 24(6), 693-705. doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420240606
Reed, J., & Blunk, E. M. (1990). The influence of facial hair on impression formation. Social Behavior and Personality, 18(1), 169-175. doi:10.2224/sbp.1990.18.1.169
Wogalter, M. S., & Hosie, J. A. (1991). Effects of cranial and facial hair on perceptions of age and person. The Journal of Social Psychology, 131(4), 589-591. doi:10.1080/00224545.1991.9713892
on a scale from 1 to 3, the importance men gave to good looks rose from 1.50 to 2.11. But for women, the importance of good looks in men rose from 0.94 to 1.67. In other words, women in 1989 considered a man look’s more important than men considered women’s looks 50 years earlier
Hosoda, M., Stone-Romero, E. F., & Coats, G. “The effects of physical attractiveness on job-related outcomes: A meta-analysis of experimental studies”. Personnel Psychology, 56 (2003): 431-462.
There is a famous saying that states, “ we should not judge a book by its cover”, but oftentimes the first thing noticed on a person is their looks. One’s “physical beauty” strongly influences people’s first impressions of them. As a whole, we tend to assume that pretty people are more likeable and better people than those who are unattractive. Around the world, we believe that what is beautiful is good. There is a general consensus within a culture about what is considered physically appealing and beautiful. “Physical beauty” is associated with being more sociable, intelligent, and even socially skilled. Society shares this common notion of who has and who does not have “physical beauty”. Thus, “physical beauty”, as seen
That is, inferences about individual traits could be drawn form situational facial expressions, on the basis of what those facial expressions mean within the domain of gendered stereotypes. To test this plausible theory, Hack recruited 138 undergraduate students. Each pupil was to complete a questionnaire assessing gender stereotype endorsement, subsequent to an impression task: where smiling and non-smiling faces were rated in terms of personality traits relative to warmth and competence. Credibly, traits selected to assess warmth and competence had been plucked from a successful pilot study and strategies to counteract demand characteristics were
First impressions are created by a composite of signals given off by a new experience (Flora, 2004). The judgment of these impressions depends on the observer and the person being observed (Flora, 2004). When you meet someone for the first time it takes about three seconds to be evaluated by the observer (Mind Tools, 1996-2011,). During this time the person forms an opinion about you based on your appearance, your body language, your demeanor, and how you dress (Mind Tools, 2996-2011,). Impressions are important to us because they are impossible to be reserved and the set the tone for all the relationships that follow (Mind Tools, 1996-2011).
That example that was given to us was in a mall setting a local comedian Jay Peter was dressed in a suit and tie along with a camera man shooting footage to make the skit look more realistic. He and the camera man walked around approaching random people at the mall giving them nonrealistic facts, they seemed to believe what he was saying just by the way he was dressed. Another study showed that 70% of the time we can pick a candidate based on their looks, facial structure has a big contribution to our
Appearance Orientation. The Appearance Orientation Scale consists of twelve items that measure the importance an individual place on how they look, attention payed to appearance, and grooming behaviors. Raters indicate level of disagreement-agreement on a 1 to 5 Likert Scale 1(definitely disagree) 2 (mostly disagree) 3(neither agree nor disagree) 4 (mostly agree) 5 (definitely agree). Example questions include “I check my appearance in the mirror whenever I can” and “it is important that I always look good.” The subscale demonstrates high levels of internal consistency for males (Cronbach’s α = .88) and females (Cronbach’s α = .85). Items additionally display high levels of test-retest reliability for males (.89 across 1 month) and females
As the practice is becoming increasingly popular, mainstream acceptance has given birth to a society that values appearance over ability and ultimately leading on to discrimination in practically every field. There is an overwhelming amount of evidence that indicates that appearance has become a vital contributor of success at the workplace and even in educational institutions for that matter. A study by researchers from Rice University and the University of Houston indicated that candidates with facial scars and blemishes faced lower odds of being remembered by their interviewers which lowered their ratings and evaluations (as cited in ...
The beauty halo effect is the principle that people with good looking are going to have a better life. According to the beauty halo effect, attractive people are automatically attributed with more qualities than unattractive people, they are attributed a notion of talent and are considered as more socially attractable and desirable. This paper is going to define more precisely what the beauty halo effect is. Then it will define what impression formation is and how the attractiveness halo effect can affect the first impression. Finally it will briefly explain what impression management, and finally explain the role of the beauty halo effect in impression formation and management.
Researchers combined the data together for males and females as the results for both genders showed no significant difference. Researchers did not inform the students of the actual hypothesis (as stated above) to ensure genuine and unbiased responses. Students were informed that researchers were interested in knowing whether student’s initial evaluations of a professor were identical to evaluations students had reported after spending an entire semester with him. The independent variable of interest was the psychology professor whom was manipulated to play the role of a likeable, respectful, flexible and enthusiastic professor in interview number one, and an unlikeable, cold, untrusting and dictative professor in interview number two. To ensure a baseline for appearance in both interviews the researchers showed participants either tape one or tape two interviews without any sound. Students were asked to rate his physical appearance and only a miniscule difference was noted. Interview questions were also operationalized to be the same in both interviews to avoid inconsistency. Students were split into groups to watch one of the two interviews containing the same professor. The dependent variables used included the professor’s perceived likeability, and characteristics including physical appearance, mannerisms and accent which were measured
Dion, Berscheid, and Walster’s (1972) summarized a conclusion from physical attractiveness studies: “What is beautiful is good.” This conclusion has been widely cited. Many researches support this conclusion and demonstrate that physical attractiveness can help people get more positive social outcomes in social interaction. Physical attractiveness has positive correlation with happiness, finding love and being successful in work. People tend to desire to build and maintain a close social relationship with people who is physical attractiveness (Lemay Jr, E. P., Clark, M. S., & Greenberg, A. ,2010). Attractive people have more friends, more dates (Feingold, 1992) and they are more persuasive than people who are not attractive because they have characteristics that can let them get more effective communications (Chaiken, S. ,1979). Physical attractiveness can bring positive outcomes to a person in finding job and work such as making more money (Roszell, Kennedy, & Grabb, 1989). Compare to unattractive people, good-looking people was evaluated more positively and was being hired much easily (Bardack, N. R., & McAndrew, F. T. ,1985). When job application was mediocre, physically attractive people in experimental group was being weighted much heavily than control group which applications have no photograph (Watkins, L. M., & Johnston, L. ,2000). For salary, beautiful people can earn more money than average look people and average look people earn more than plain people. In addition, unattractiveness women are less likely to participate in the labor force and compared to attractive people, they are more likely to married with men who is in low human capital (Hamermesh, D. S., & Biddle, J. E.,
It has occurred once or severally that people from different joints use physical impressions to make overall judgments about a particular object, subject or a person. However, it is paramount noting that the outward appearance could be misleading and may not necessarily represent what is concealed in the particular object or subject in question. This kind of misjudgment gives rise to the concept of the ‘Halo Effect.’ The ‘halo effect’ is expressed as the aspect of different individuals using universal assessments while trying to arrive at a final judgment regarding a particular set of qualities (Yeffeth, & Thomason, 2006). For instance, people may attribute good qualities such as kind and outgoing to people who are
Men in the age ranges of 18 to 35 have a very strong sense of health and style that affects their self-esteem. Most in this group have a sports or music celebrity they admire which defines for them what it means to be a man. The message of a scrawny or an overweight male with poor grooming models wh...
Good physical appearance helps in building up flexible relationships. For example women who take care of their physical appearance manage to have a better relatio...
Some men need to be told this: when your neck hair has grown wild a couple weeks after your last haircut, it does not look good. From the back, it looks unkempt and the clean line of the nape of your neck to your head of hair looks more like a messy overgrowth. This could possibly make your overall look seem unhygienic no matter how good you smell. The speed of light is faster than the speed of smell, and for those who lay eyes on you make an immediate first impression of you, especially in the workplace and especially in job interviews and on dates.