Quantitative Research Question
1. What effect does peer support have on academic performance?
2. Does peer pressure affect the academic performances of adolescents in School?
Hypothesis
1. “Peer pressure significantly influences academic performance”.
2. “Students who experience peer support have better academic performances, than those who do not have peer support”.
3. “Peer support influences academic performances”.
4. “Academic performance is associated to peer pressure and peer support”.
Qualitative Research Question
1. How does peer pressure and peer support associate to academic performances?
2. How does peer support affect academic performances?
Cho, Y., & Chung, O. (2012).
The researchers investigated the relationship between conformative peer bullying and discovered that peer pressure and its resistance is linked to antisocial conformity.
Conformative peer bullying is defined as “behaviours that supports and reinforces bullying and does not include initiating proactive actions”, (Cho, 2012. p. 521).
Peer Pressure “influences a person to change his/her attitudes, values, behaviours, and relationship in order to conform to the norms of the peer group”, (Cho, 2012. p.521).
Peer Conformity is
“the inclination to adopt behavioral patterns that are considered as acceptable to the peer group”, (Cho, 2012. p.521).
The researchers used the “four-point Likert scale” which rated from “1 = never; 4 = a lot” and the Participant Role Scale (PRS) to measure the variable “conformity’ and “peer pressure”, (Cho, 2012. p. 523 - 524 ).
The participants consisted of 391 second year students from 21 different classrooms in Seoul, South Korea, out of which 285 were boys and 106 were girls, aged between 13-14yrs old.
Between 14 to 18th July, 2008, the researchers obtained informed consent from the teachers and students. After peer assessment was acquired, the researchers distributed the “four-point Likert scale” survey questionnaires to 673 students in 21 classrooms of three middle schools. Students were given about 20 to 25 minutes to respond to the questionnaires.
At the end of the analysis it was discovered that there was a positive correlation between peer pressure, peer conformity and confirmative peer bullying. The effect of bullying is greatly influenced by the bully’s personal characteristics. It also indicated that without a groups influence an individual might not resort to bullying or simply peer pressure drives people to act differently to please others to show their support or capabilities to be in the group.
In conclusion, antisocial peer conformity is one of the causes that influences peer conformity bullying. It also showed that those who cannot resist are influenced more than those who can resist bullying.
As a child you are always told to not give into peer pressure via programs such as DARE or DFYIT that instruct us to not only stand up to peer pressure, but they also tell us to not shun or bully others. This is a problem for the human brain because, as author Alexander Robbins states: “From the age of five, children increasingly exclude peers who don’t conform to group norms. Children learn this quickly. A popular Indiana eighth grader told me ‘I have to be the same as everybody else, or people won’t like me anymore’” (150). The human brain is wired such that children will end friendships with kids that they find different.
Salmivalli, C. (2010). Bullying and the peer group: A review. Aggression & Violent Behavior, 15(2), 112-120. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2009.08.007
Prior research indicates that bullying causes students to disengage in school (Hoover & Oliver, 1996). Bullying often causes students to become angry and hurt, and experience low self-esteem and even depression (Banks, 1997). Many students experience problems with academic performance, interpersonal relationships and physical and mental health as a result of bullying (O’Brennan, Bradshaw, & Sawyer, 2009). Prior research has also noted that bullying is the common form of victimization that children will face during their school years (Nansel, et al., 2001). All students will be exposed to bullying in some form pr...
In Brank’s review is accesses the effects that bullying can have in school, family, and friends, and how all is related. Brank’s suggested different intervention and prevention programs that can minimized the bullying, such as implementing law suits and anti-bullying legislation. Also the different factors that contribute to some becoming the bully/aggressor, which will be the one that will focus on more.
Conformity is defined as the occurrence of people yielding to social pressures as a result of pressure from a group of their peers; when faced by the pressure to conform, people will alter their behaviour and actions to fit the norm demonstrated by their peers (Lilienfield et al., 2012). Conformity is studied so that is can be understood and used in society to facilitate positive outcomes, and help avoid situations where peoples’ predisposition to conform leads to negative consequences (Lilienfield et al., 2012). By understanding conformity and other social processes society as a whole is able to understand themselves better and motivates them to work on improving as a whole (Lilienfield et al., 2012).
The effects of bullying, or the practice of coercion by force or intimidation due to specific characteristic, are about as common as its practice in American public schools. Studies over the decades show bullied students are more likely to skip class, disengage socially and abuse substances (Johnson 1).
Even though I work in a school district where we are expected to watch videos on bullying annually, this series was eye opening to the real problem of bullying. According to the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development three out of ten children are a bully, victim, or both. Another statistic from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development reveals that 3.2 million youth are bullied and 3.7 million youth are the bullies. These statistics are staggering. The characteristics of bullying is repeated aggressive behavior that is carried out over time with the intent of inflicting verbal, nonverbal, or physical harm to another individual. Normal peer conflict happens infrequently between two equal
... instead of following the majority. The issue of peer pressure can relate to teens, as they are in constant pressure to be ‘cool’ or to be in the ‘in’ group. It does not really promote individualism, so people cannot develop their own ideas but rather follow the leader of their group.
When bullying is mentioned, it may seem like a trendy word to reference when thinking about how people feel victimized in certain situations, or feeling ganged up against. The unfortunate reality is that bullying is not a recent revelation, it has been around for several decades and has been a longstanding issue...
Many factors in a child’s life may lead him or her to have such emotional distress that they begin bullying other students at school. Social factors are usually the easiest aspect to identify that would cause a child to bully their classmates. The child may have been bullied them self, which leads to pent up aggression which leads to the release of this aggression on other students. It may also be simp...
Bullying can also be considered as a major problem in the teenager bracket. This can occur in any social environment not just schools as mostly portrayed. Bullyi...
A category of strategies to prevent bullying in schools is identifying the causes of bullying. One factor that may cause bullying is the students’s family life. The lack of love or approval and involvement from the parents or overly permissive parenting where there is a lack of supervision or no rules may initiate bullying as the child may feel insecure. Another factor that may cause bullying is peer pressure. Friends who are aggressive and hav...
Peer pressure is when we are influenced to do something we normally wouldn't do because we want to fit in with other people or be accepted by our peers (A peer is someone you look up to like a friend, someone in the community or even someone on TV).
Scarpaci, R. (2006). Bullying: Effective strategies for its prevention. Kappa Delta Pi Record, 42(4), 170-174. Retrieved April 8, 2007 from EBSCO Online Database Education Research Complete. http://search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ehh&AN=21102965&site=ehost-live
Everyone at one point or another has desire to fit into a group, whether it is friends, or something else. This is in our nature and this is what makes us humans. In whatever group they are, they wanna feel secure and have a sense of belonging to that group. But what if one’s so called friend betrays the individual or start doing things which are wrong and force the person to do it with them? This is what negative peer pressure is - trying to mess with the minds and forcing them to be an acquaintance with something which is illegal and wrong.