Sentences are, simply constructed to translate thought into words. The nature of how a writer compose their sentences are predicated by the text’s rhetorical situation. The purpose for this essay is to examining the totality of rhetorical situations upon two sentences from separate texts to critically analyse how the author employed techniques in order to connect with their audience, as well as parsing the cultural context of the authors of two separate sentences. I have chosen two sentences from a collection of academically contentious letters, exchanged between Friedrich von Hayek and John Maynard Keynes, revolving around the contestability of economic policy. Both sentences are a part of the conclusive arguments and this subsequently sheds light on stylistic differences of both author’s.
Sentence ONE
‘They will be “martyrs by mistake” and, in their martyrdom, will be injuring others as well as themselves.’
- Keynes 1932
Sentence TWO
‘If the Government wish to help revival, the right way for them to proceed is, not expenditure, but to abolish those restrictions on trade and the free movement of capital (including restrictions on new issues) which are at present impeding even the beginning of recovery.’
- Hayek 1932
The topic of debate between Keynes and Hayek, is based on the effectiveness of capital investment and what policies the Government should adopt.
I find it suitable to discern the credibility of the writers, which is imperative to examine the influence of their words. Both gentlemen, at the time, were considered to be leading economic theorist. At the time both Hayek, and Keynes held prominent positions at leading economic institutions, and due to their economic prowess, both men were the most cited economists in ...
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...; Hayek also provides an outline of how to fulfil the role.
My planning for this assignment was a slightly stressful. The stress was induced when trying to choose what sentences to use. I had difficultly choosing a sentence that appealed culturally to me. In the end I selected sentences from economic theorist. The topic of the texts was based on the causes of the Great Depression and they’re discussing the best approach to move forward. Keynesian Economics and Neoclassical Economics have been vowing for orthodoxy through the twentieth century. In recent decades the two schools of thought, in many places create a synthesis, resulting the economic policies that are applied on the Australian economy. The economy is an integral part of our everyday living, so I find it logical to analyse sentences from two people have irrevocably shaped the world to what it is now.
Heinrichs had previously worked as a journalist before becoming a full time writer and advocate for rhetoric. He utilizes illustrative examples to convey rhetorical concepts. Furthermore, chapter four reveals the most valuable logos and pathos tactic. Lastly, this book’s use should be continued in this course.
Olson, Annie. “An Introduction to Rhetoric.” Le Tourneau U, May 2006. Web. 6 Dec. 2011.
Palmer, William. "Rhetorical Analysis." Discovering Arguments: An Introduction to Critical Thinking, Writing, and Style. Boston: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2012. 268-69. Print.
Most of Hayek’s work from the 1920s through the 1930s was in the Austrian theory of business cycles and capital and monetary theory.... ... middle of paper ... ... Now, whether they would revert to a gold standard or not was a question that Hayek was too much of a believer in spontaneous order to predict.
Lloyd F. Bitzer’s article, “The Rhetorical Situation”, is an account of what he calls the “rhetorical situation” as what he believes to be the conditions necessary for compelling a rhetorician to engage in rhetoric (35). It is Bitzer’s position that a work of rhetoric comes into existence as a response to the call of a certain state of affairs in the world (32). Furthermore, Bitzer claims that when we find ourselves in such “situations”, we are compelled to engage in rhetoric in order to restore the balance that we find lacking (34). He identifies three interconnected elements of situational rhetoric: exigence, audience, and constraints (35). Bitzer argues that a rhetorical discourse, which consists of an engagement with an audience for the purpose of compelling that audience to modify the world so as to repair the problem which is presented (35), is required to solve the problem as the world presents it (34). This lack of balance in a rhetorical situation or state of affairs in the world leads to what Bitzer calls exigence, which he defines as “an imperfection marked by urgency” (36). Bitzer also expands on the notion of a rhetorical audience, which is central to his theory of situational rhetoric. Bitzer defines a rhetorical audience as persons who, through discourse, are subject to influence and as persons who can be compelled to bring about the change called for by a rhetorical situation (37). Bitzer also identifies constraints as being a vital component to his theory, which he defines as anything within the rhetorical situation which has the power to “constrain decision” (38).
In this essay, I will be analyzing the Traditional method of rhetorical criticism and the Narrative method of rhetorical criticism.
Public policy is enormously impacted by the importance of economic beliefs about the political world. Throughout history, there have been two prominent models of economic policy; Keynesianism and Neoliberalism. The increase of authoritarianism intermingled with the rise of communism essentially started World War 2. After this, the government instituted Keynesianism until the late 1970’s. After the stagflation of the late 1970’s, the political and economic movement of Neoliberalism began.
So we looked at being different and the importance of working through the why we do things the way we do with items and services. If not, we learned, who we are and why we buy, more than what we are and where we buy – something most like to perceive economics to be.
...of the world turn violently against them, it added, the group would be ''mentally prepared'' for whatever came its way. They also allude to the example of the Jews at Masada who killed themselves rather than submit to Roman legions in A.D. 73.
Classical economists such as, Jean Baptiste Say, Adam Smith, David Ricardo, and Thomas Robert Malthus, had a different view about the role of the government in a capitalistic society. The classical economists believed in a laissez-faire economy. They believed that the government should keep their hands off the nation’s economy. They felt that the market will be able to keep itself stable, without the intervention of the government. Jean Baptiste Say believed that supply would create its own demand. The classical economists had an assumption that the aggregate production of goods and services in the economy generate enough income to purchase all output. They also had the assumption that savings by the household sector matches investment expenditures on capital goods by the business sector.
Keynesian school of thought has been widely in application in the modern day. The markets have frequently veered off the rail and necessitated governments to interfere (Fazzari, and Variato, 1994). John Maynard Keynes is one of the most influential economists of the modern day. In his book on the general theory of employment, we realize that the private sector decision making sometime leads to imperfections in the market and, therefore, there is a great need for the governments to interfere to correct them (Keynes, 1937). Some of the imperfections that we witness in a market controlled by the private sector include monopolies, unemployment, black markets, cartels as well as hoarding. There is thu...
The author begins his argument by retelling the story of his youth to build his ethos but the results are poor as it presents more questions on how he is a credible source on this argument as his only evidence is his own story. However, through the same means his pathos is built as his anecdote conveys feelings in the audience, making them more willing to listen. Graff finally, gives a call to action to schools to use students’ interests to develop their skills in rhetoric and analysis, which reveals the logic behind his argument. The topic about how students are taught rhetoric and analysis brings interest but with an average argument only built on pathos, a low amount of logos, and questionable ethos it can fall on deaf
My research of Classical Economics and Keynesian Economics has given me the opportunity to form an opinion on this greatly debated topic in economics. After researching this topic in great lengths, I have determined the Keynesian Economics far exceeds greatness for America compared to that of Classical Economics. I will begin my paper by first addressing my understanding of both economic theories, I will then compare and contrast both theories, and end my paper with my opinions on why I believe Keynesian Economics is what is best for America.
The theory of economics does not furnish a body of settled conclusions immediately applicable to policy. It is a method rather than a doctrine, an apparatus of the mind, a technique for thinking, which helps the possessor to draw correct conclusions. The ideas of economists and politicians, both when they are right and when they are wrong, are more powerful than is commonly understood. Indeed the world is ruled by little else. Practical men, who believe themselves to be quite exempt from any intellectual influences, are usually the slaves of some defunct economist." (John Maynard Keynes, the General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money p 383)
John Maynard Keynes does not believe that an economy can self-adjust, he believes that government intervention is necessary for an economy to recover after a downturn. The policy prescriptions are for the economy to be stimulated through government spending, lower interest rates or a reduction in taxes. Keynes was not very popular when he first proposed his ideas and for some time afterwards his ideas were not accepted. Keynes published a book on how to deal with economic downturns, specifically a depression. One policy prescription that began to make the Keynesian policy popular was government spending. During the Great Depression people were unable to spend the money that was needed for the economy to adjust automatically as believed by classical