Although the central protagonists of this story are men, women also have an important significance in the legend of Gilgamesh. A prime example of this significance is the character Shamhat the Harlot, the first woman that Endiku comes across in the story. Shamhat is a prostitute who was sent to tame Enkidu on behalf of King Gilgamesh and a hunter residing in the city of Uruk. When Enkidu is introduced he is a wild man living in nature, unfamilar of human kind. Enkidu’s transition into a man allows him the opportunity to befriend Gilgamesh. By introducing Enkidu into society and influencing his relationship with Gilgamesh, Shamhat is pivotal to the success of their adventure and relationship.
Shamhat is hired to domesticate Enkidu, a wild man roaming in the woods. Upon meeting, Enkidu and Shamhat engaged in sexual intercourse for nearly a week. “She did for the man the work of a woman, his passion caressed and embraced her. For 6 days and 7 nights Enkidu was erect as he coupled with Shamhat” (I191 P.8). When they were done Enkidu was bestowed with self-awareness and a man’s consciousness. He could not keep up with the other animals and was forced to linger behind with Shamhat. “Enkidu was weakened, could not run as before, but now he had reason and wide understanding” (I 201 P.8) Women are highly revered for their ability to produce life; therefore, Shamhat’s sex symbolizes her ability to nurture. Shamhat’s womb tames and civilizes Enkidu; their sex transforms and births Enkidu into a new world. Self-awareness and consciousness is the main thing that separates humans from beasts; thus, had Shamhat not instilled this sense of understanding in Enkidu, he never would have left the forest.
Although Shamhat is sent to have sex with ...
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... work. When Shamhat spoke to Enkidu of King Gilgamesh’s actions towards his people, he felt obligated to confront the King to help protect others. It is at this point in the story that Enkidu heads off to the city of Uruk, where he encounters Gilgamesh. Shamhat’s occupation is a harlot gave her a deeper insight to the inner workings of the male mind, which gave her more power which to influence Enkidu with. Had Shamhat never seduced Enkidu, he never would have confronted Gilgamesh. Shamhat’s ability as a woman to nurture Enkidu from a wild man to a civilized man illustrates the importance of the role of women in the Epic of Gilgamesh and Ancient Mesopotamia.
Bibliography
George, Andrew. The Epic of Gilgamesh: The Babylonian Epic Poem and Other Texts in Akkadian and Sumerian ; Translated and with an Introduction by Andrew George. London: Allen Lane, 1999. Print
looking for a husband whom will fulfill her desires as a woman, “Come to me Gilgamesh, and be my bridegroom; grant me the seed of your body…” When Gilgamesh does not obey her plea, she believes he must pay; moreover, this leads to the death of his beloved companion Enkidu.
The Epic of Gilgamesh introduces us to a vain, one third man and two thirds god named Gilgamesh. Gilgamesh is the king of Uruk. He's egotistical and narcissistic and many loathe that about him. The Epic of Gilgamesh mirrors how Mesopotamian civilization actually examined and respected women. The females in The Epic of Gilgamesh were viewed as powerful, commanding, and competent women throughout the poem. They set boundaries and were symbolic which is extremely significant in this poem. The women that were most meaningful and essential with setting boundaries and had really important roles are Shamhat; the temple prostitute, Siduri; the tavern keeper, the goddess of wine- making and brewing, and Ishtar; the goddess of love, fertility, and war.
Shamhat was the priestess of Ishtar, the great goddess of love and war. She was hired by Gilgamesh to tame Enkidu as Enkidu was not civilized in any way and had come to be Gilgamesh's soul brother and companion. Shamhat was a hierodule and was asked to seduce Enkidu and use her charming ways to make a man out of Enkidu, the animal like. Shamhat, being a hierodule, is a woman dedicated to Priesthood and God. Hence, she would only deal with the godly. She was allocated the task of making Enkidu aware of the human nature and lifestyle, which was different from the animal world that he was coming from. Shamhat had tactically and implicitly understood the path that she would have to take towards the betterment of Enkidu. She revealed to him what is woman is. She showed Enkidu the caring and sharing that a woman portrays and brings into the world. She brings to his notice the origin of life and love. Shamhat allowed him to make love to her for six days and seven nights and burned within him a human (male) desire. She gave him the feeling of satiety. Shamhat did all this for none of her
Enkidu is a vital part of Gilgamesh’s life. At the beginning of the story Enkidu embodies the opposite of Gilgamesh, his other half. After Enkidu’s death Gilgamesh cannot go back to life as it was, he is lost and for the first time in his life, afraid. The fate of all humankind, death, becomes the last obstacle for Gilgamesh to conquer. The dis...
Women are often treated as tools to accomplish men’s goals because of this authority and are seen as beings who cannot live without the support of men. In The Odyssey, Penelope, Telemachus’ mother, is used by Telemachus to show his authority as the man of the house by sending her away to her room by his “masterful words” (Homer 186). By doing so he is also warning the suitors who have come to take advantage of the xenia he and his mother provided to them. While Penelope is strong by refusing the passes of the suitors, she maintains the vulnerable image by weeping for Odysseus who has been gone for ten years (Weimer 1). In The Epic of Gilgamesh, Shamhat the Harlot is used as a tool to seduce Enkidu, Gilgamesh’s male partner and friend. Ninsun’s reaction to Enkidu brings to attention to her worries of Gilgamesh being taken away from her, showing that relationships between men were held in much higher regard than mother and son relationship (“The Epic Of” 51-52). Men are depicted more powerful than women thus leading to supporting women, especially those they are related to.
Enkidu and Gilgamesh were the main characters in the Epic of Gilgamesh. In the city of Uruk, King Gilgamesh was a merciless ruler, a strong man, and had long, beautiful hair. Under Gilgamesh’s rule, the people asked the gods to generate their tyrannical king’s competitor. To cease Gilgamesh from dominating people, Enkidu was developed. Enkidu was a hairy-bodied man raised by animals. He was prepared to accept the challenge. The two men were almost iden-tical in their courage and physical abilities. Gilgamesh had a vision ...
In Gilgamesh the gods created a creature, Enkidu, to match Gilgamesh’s strength and to challenge his evil actions. When Enkidu came to earth, he lived alone in the wild with the animals and was a part of nature, as a representation of the gods. “Aruru wet her hands, she pinched off clay, she tossed it upon the steppe, she created valiant Enkidu in the steppe” (1.93-95). Gilgamesh heard of Enkidu existence and sent a harlot, Shamhat to seduce him. This is where Enkidu and Shamhat relationship differs from Achilles and Briseis their
In the Epic of Gilgamesh, gender plays a very significant role. While women were not the most powerful gods nor the strongest or wisest of humans, they still had tremendous influence. Though the main characters of the story, Gilgamesh and Enkidu, are male, women did not play a necessarily minor role. With all the women that play a role in the Epic of Gilgamesh, gender is a topic worthy of discussion.
The ancient Mesopotamian writing, The Epic of Gilgamesh, gives readers insight into the traditions and customs of the people who wrote it. Like all epics, The Epic of Gilgamesh is the story of a heroic national figure: this epic gives the story of the life of Gilgamesh from his birth as two-thirds god, one-third man to his death. Throughout the epic the importance of loyalty is addressed. In The Epic of Gilgamesh readers see that loyalty is the most important aspect of a Mesopotamian relationship and that there are always consequences for violating trust.
The Ancient Sumerians did not view women as mere sex objects. They had a very different view of sexuality. Female sexuality and its role in The Epic of Gilgamesh is an important theme in this tale and in the society of Sumeria. Shamhat, a prostitute, is one of the most important female characters in this epic because of how the Ancient Sumerians viewed sexuality. When a hunter discovered Ekidnu, the wild man, hunting in the wilderness, he brought the harlot Shamhat to seduce Ekidnu and introduce him to civilization. The hunter instructed Shamhat: “Teach him, the savage man, your woman’s art, for when he murmurs love to you the wild beasts that share his life in the hills will reject him.” The harlot did so, and when they had slept together for six
In the beginning of the story we see Gilgamesh as a womanizer. His submissive behavior is driven by his own self-sufficiency. When Enkidu forces him to see the reality of his own vanity, Gilgamesh withdraws from his obsession and embarks on a new quest with Enkidu; one that will fill his other ego, his masculinity.
Women in The Epic of Gilgamesh plays a very significant role. Women were not considered as the most powerful gods nor the strongest or wisest of all humans but they still had great influence over others around them, at that time of Mesopotamia. Though the main characters of the story, Gilgamesh and Enkidu were men, women did not necessarily play a minor role. The roles of women in The Epic of Gilgamesh were mixed. Women are represented as harlots (Shamhat), wise (Ninsun) and as gods (Ishtar. In the epic of Gilgamesh, it can be seen that while men were considered to be the most powerful and wisest humans and gods, women had the power to significantly influence these men. Several women mentioned and described in the Epic of Gilgamesh carried roles that had important effects on the men they encountered. One woman I found very interesting is Ishtar, the goddess of love and fertility. I will discuss how women were being portrayed in the story using her character to support my analysis and how the creators of this epic portrayed women in Mesopotamia through this character.
The struggle for women to play an important role in history can be traced from the ancient Mesopotamians to the 1900’s. There has been a continuous battle for women to gain equal rights and to be treated equally in all aspects of life. The Epic of Gilgamesh is the oldest recorded account of the roles of women and their importance in a functional society. Women have been viewed as anything from goddesses to unwanted servants throughout history, regardless of a variety of changes in rulers, religions, and simply time periods. The Epic of Gilgamesh might lead one to consider the roles of women a small and insignificant part compared to the man 's role. In fact, three women; Shamhat, Ishtar, and Siduri, were able to create and maintain a civilized Mesopotamian society with using their uniqueness of their body, mind, and spirit.
Before the coming of Enkidu, Gilgamesh was a man of great power. A being for which there was no equal match, Gilgamesh boasted about his overwhelming glory and power. However, his arrogance was accompanied with an extensive abuse of power, which pushed the city of Uruk into a state of rage. Still Gilgamesh felt no despair; he lived to display to others his majestic power. The first sign of a sincere change in Gilgamesh arises as a result of the birth of Enkidu. From the beginning, a powerful link developed between man and woman. The wise Ninsun said to Gilgamesh,"You will love him as a woman and he will never forsake you". Gilgamesh had finally met his match, a friend that would serve as his life-long companion. Upon the seal of this great friendship, Gilgamesh began to change his selfish ways. Nevertheless, he shared with Enkidu the luxuries of kindness. Setting aside his great pride and power, Gilgamesh had opened a place in his heart, and in his sumptuous life, for his beloved brother.
The epic begins with Gilgamesh terrorizing the people of Uruk. They call out to the sky god Anu for help. In response Anu tells the goddess of creation, Aruru, to make an equal for Gilgamesh. Thus Aruru created Enkidu, a brute with the strength of dozens of wild animals. After being seduced by a harlot from the temple of love in Uruk, Enkidu loses his strength and wildness yet gains wisdom and understanding. The harlot offers to take him into Uruk where Gilgamesh lives, the only man worthy of Enkidu's friendship. After a brief brawl the two become devoted friends.