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public administration the profession
interpersonal interaction
interpersonal interaction
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When an organization, business, or agency fails to achieve their set objectives poor leadership is regularly scrutinized as the leading cause of inefficiency. In many respects this holds true because of the countless skills need to successfully lead in both public and private enterprise. Although there are similarities between both public and private management, public servants are held directly accountable to their customers/citizens. In light of this, leadership skills within the public sector are essentials in providing its customers with public goods. These public goods include welfare programs, education, police protection and environmental standards (Starling, 2011 p. 28). If public entities contained leaders that possess interpersonal, informational, and communicational skills governmental programs and services would be more efficient. Throughout this analysis we will address the case study of Dr. Helene Gayle and apply the skills of effective leadership to its events.
Interpersonal skills
One of the many challenges facing public administrators today is the need to build relationships that foster a work environment that is conducive to collaboration. With numerous social issues transcending borders, the need to cooperate is high. It is stated in Norma Riccucci text that one of the reasons why Gayle is a successful public servants is her interpersonal skills in building strong relationships which created an organizational atmosphere that encouraged teamwork across agencies and borders. According to Riccucci text “one of the reasons why Dr. Gayle has been so successful at collaboration-building bridges and fostering communication between the federal government, various communities, and global partners-is her skillful i...
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...administrators must process certain leadership skills to effectively manage public policy. In analyses of Norma Riccuccis case study it was found that Gayle success within public health was due to her leadership skills. Gayle’s ability to balance political influence with her own vision of public health created an agency of cooperation.
Works Cited
Riccucci, Norma, M. (2002). Managing Across Boundaries: A case study of Dr. Helene Gayle and the AIDS epidemic. Transforming Organizations Series, Retrieved from: https://bblearn.nau.edu/bbcswebdav/pid-866618-dt-content-rid-10067936_1/courses/1121-NAU00-PAS-421C-SEC806-7479.NAU-PSSIS/AIDSEpidemic.pdf
Lussier, R. N., & Achua, C. F. (2010). Leadership, theory, application, & skill development. (4 ed.). South-Western Pub.
Starling, G. (2011). Managing the public sector. (9th ed.). Boston, MA: Wadsworth Pub Co.
Leadership is portrayed at its pinnacle in William Bratton’s Turnaround, Rudolph Giuliani’s book Leadership, Oren Harari’s book The Leadership Secrets of Colin Powell, and David Lipsky’s book Absolutely American: Four Years at West Point. In each of these works, the author does an exceptional job of depicting the various traits and characteristics necessary for being a powerful and effective leader.
Nettie Seabrook’s success depended on her need to keep learning, and her belief that no one should limit themselves to the normal or natural constraints jobs or people assign them. She was determined to be flexible and open to change, and was prepared for it. In fact, Nettie Seabrook’s road the crest of opportunity as it presented itself, and her very own philosophies served her well. In Influence without Authority, Cohen & Bradford focus on “currencies” for the give and take process involved in influencing. The case study of Nettie Seabrooks proves that she was an effective influencer because she built credibility through high-quality work, competence, placing the organization’s interest first, building many relationships at all levels, visibility, and being trustworthy. Now Chief Operations Officer for the city of Detroit, MI, her career ascent had a strong foundation, and a powerful message.
An executive director also has the knowledge to communicate assertively when confronting team members when necessary. Therefore, “communication always takes place in a context, or environment, that influences the form and content of your messages.” In addition, “cultural context includes the cultural belief and customs of the people communicating” (DeVito, 12). It’s crucial that executive directors in this work field possess excellent interpersonal communication because they are always involved in some form of communication, whether it’s between a colleague, participants in the service, or discussing concerns, future goals, and organized strategies to the board of directors in meetings . In addition, “Interpersonal communication is the verbal and non-verbal interaction between two (or sometimes more than two) interdependent people (DeVito, 5).
A robust public health system endeavors to have an educated workforce, one that is culturally competent, operating with high ethical standards whilst offering world class service to the demography it services. In order for such a system to be enforced, an effective leader needs to be at the helm to drive such an entity to realize its goals. Whilst there are varied forms of leadership styles or models; the servant leadership model would work greatly in a public health entity. Admittedly leadership styles differ and most persons that overlapping traits of various forms of leadership but the servant leadership style which is regarded as ‘authentic, legitimate leadership arises not from the exercise of power or self-interested actions, but from a fundamental desire to first help others’ (Smith, 2005 p.8). Public health entities exist primarily to help all of the populace and as such this leadership style works in bringing about an educated, culturally competent, workforce that offers up stellar service.
Leadership at times can be a complex topic to delve into and may appear to be a simple and graspable concept for a certain few. Leadership skills are not simply acquired through position, seniority, pay scale, or the amount of titles an individual holds but is a characteristic acquired or is an innate trait for the fortunate few who possess it. Leadership can be misconstrued with management; a manager “manages” the daily operations of a company’s work while a leader envisions, influences, and empowers the individuals around them.
Although there are many outstanding, albeit necessary qualities of a good leader, it is the leader’s beliefs in which greatness is given its first breath, fostered by action, and spread throughout the institution. A great leader believes in encouraging, not destroying; in setting the precedence instead of yielding to prominence ; in collaboration, not division; in giving, not taking; and in having high standards and volunteering to be the first of many to be held to them. A great leader does not take advantage of the people being lead, but instead, creates an advantage for the people by giving them the opportunities to lead. Only when people take ownership of an institution will passion be cultivated, action be taken, and greatness be achieved.
Lussier, R. & Achua, C., (2010). Leadership: theory, application, & skill development. Mason. South-Western Cengage Learning.
Northouse, P. (2010). Leadership: Theory and practice (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
Hughes, Ginnett, & Curphy (2009). Leadership: Enhancing the Lessons of Experience (6th Ed). New York, NY McGraw-Hill Irwin
The MPA program showed me how much public service and public administration requires collaboration, effective board members, and well managed staff and volunteers. Public Administration requires analysis of a program’s success, availability of resources, and budgets within an agency. Additionally, an agency’s values must be accessed to ensure that staff members share the same values and recognize public value for their mission’s to succeed.
“If you can write it and you can say it, you can do it.” In a single sentence Professor Eric Claville succeeded in attracting me to the study of public administration. Sitting in Introduction to Public Policy class, I was instantly fascinated by the idea that through effective communication I could improve policies and programs to better serve the public. Professor Claville’s lessons enabled me to think analytically as I developed a scholarly policy brief entitled “Enforcing a State-wide Texting While Driving Law in Arizona”. Soon, I was faced with the notion that public administration was not only an agent for change, but a tool to fulfill my passion. It is a possible pathway to take on a leadership role that would make a difference for disadvantaged groups.
Lussier, R.N. & Achua, C.F. (2010). Leadership: Theory, application, skill development (5th ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western.
Burns stated that leadership is one of the most observed and least understood phenomenon on earth; however, I believe that if we are able to understand Huxham and Vangen’s proposed cyclical connection, we are in turn allowing for a better understanding of leadership. From this, I understand that leadership is in part a product of leadership legitimacy, with the bulk of the product originating from predetermined structures, process, and participants. This not only affects leadership effectiveness, it also effects the role ethics and accountability plays. Ethics is crucial to the influence of power, tools, and skills used by leaders. For example, if the executive director of Bridges, a non-profit in Memphis, wanted to add more programs the way she would motivate her employees to do so should be in an ethical yet efficient way. However, if she decides to make use of her ability to manipulate her employees in an unethical manner, she would still be acting as a leader despite the tactic used to do so. Despite the opportunity to not do so, leaders in public administration, more specifically those in the public sector, should use ethics as they serve in their various leadership roles since their implementation and carryout of a policy directly impacts those around them. Likewise, accountability is also held at a constant for leaders in the public sector. Much like with their ethical values, leaders are to be able to effectively implement action that they can be held accountable
Bennis, W. & Nanus, B. (1985). Leaders: The Strategies for taking charge. New York: Harper Row.
Throughout my time at Northern Arizona University, I have taken multiple classes in the field of public administration. I have previously taken various public administration courses such as: Introduction to Public Administration, Organizational Theory and Application, Personnel Administration in the Public Sector, Public Budgeting and Finance, Ethics and Policy Administration, Research Methods in the Social Sciences, and lastly, Managing Change in 21st Century Organizations. I gained vast amounts of knowledge regarding public administration due to these courses. As a result of studying public administration, I have specifically learned about budgeting, leadership roles, differences between the public and private sector, and the roles of public administrators in government. Not only did I