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Conflict theory human behaviour
Guide for the assessment of conflict
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Community and Family Studies Assessment two : Investigating Conflict
Examining Conflict
An inevitable aspect of humanity, conflict will occur between individuals and within groups. Some forms of conflict may be contructive, resulting in enhanced self esteem, and others may have a negative impact on individuals and groups therefore being destructive. Disruptive conflict is the result of conflict that causes a group to disintegrate or prevent it from continuing in its role or direction.
The predominant concern surrounding my chosen community issue is the claims from students and tutors that their teachers are cheating in the nation wide NAPLAN testing by either placing significant pressure on them or changing their students answers. This cheating is apparently happening so often that 'outside supervisors' are being called in. Also, these incidents are occuring only a couple of weeks after teachers across Australia have tried to boycott the testings.
The conflict evident within this article is between the driving forces behind NAPLAN testing (i.e Australian governments and education ministers) and Australian teachers.
The teachers who are cheating are playing a very disruptive role by preventing a group from continuing its overall goal, which is testing the student's ability in various areas.
However, this may be a form of constructive conflict from the perspective of a teacher, as it enhances self esteem and from cheating they are able to further boycott the testings. NAPLAN officials also play a destructive role, as they are enabling cheating by not comprising a solution with teachers. However, from their perspective, they are engaging in constructive conflict as they are enforcing 'outside supervisors'.
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Works Cited
This book served as the plural basis of my research; I used from this book information on examining conflict, causes of conflict and the conflict resolution process. This was an excellent source as it provided clear and straightforward information, and everything i need for my assignment.
Shaw, Emma. "NAPLAN Cheat Claims Spark Call for outside Supervisors - Local News - News - General - Illawarra Mercury." Illawarra Mercury - Illawarra News, Classifieds and Community. 17 May 2010. Web. 18 May 2010. .
The Senate Standing Committee on Education and Employment (SSCEE, 2014) handed down its findings on the effectiveness of the National Assessment Program (NAP) in March 2014. While supporting the Australian governments’ ‘efforts to improve educational outcomes for all students’, they concluded that NAPLAN tests were not an appropriate measure for students where English is not their first language and students whose background was culturally diverse from mainstream Australia (SSCEE,2014 ).
Cheating can be a common routine in a classroom—from copying work on homework to copying answers on a test. “Cheating by teachers and administrators on standardized tests is rare, and not a reason to stop testing America's children” (Standardized Tests). This statement is proved false by the fact that thirty-seven states have been caught cheating by “encouraging teachers to view upcoming test forms before they are administered” (“FairTest Press Release: Standardized Exam Cheating in 37 States And D.C., New Report Shows Widespread Test Score Corruption”). If teachers can view a test before it is administered, they can teach to the test so that their students’ scores are higher. Teachers who have viewed the test can then “drill students on actual upcoming test items” (“FairTest Press Release: Standardized Exam Cheating in 37 States And D.C., New Report Shows Widespread Test Score Corruption”). This is morally wrong since teachers who do not have the access to an actual test or those who refuse to view it do not know what would be on the test and cover a broad domain of material, not just specifics.
The new "No child left behind" legislation theorizes the idea that standardized testing will improve the instruction level of students. In actualization, the government is teaching the students and the teachers are their puppets. The government likes to call this education reform, however in many eyes it is education death. "The 100 percent goal was simply a target, an admittedly unreachable goal designed to motivate schools to stretch themselves to do better, such as scientists trying to cure cancer or gardeners hoping to grow the perfect tomato" (Matthews 1). Beginning with the first day of school...
Jacob, Brian, and Steven Levitt. "Rotten Apples: An Investigation of the Prevalence and Predictors of Teacher Cheating." Oxford University Press. 118.3 (2003): 843-877. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. .
If a teacher is unfamiliar with current advancements in the digital world, it is possible that they will miss the most obvious of cheaters. Because the student is never punished or caught, they assume the teacher does not consider it cheating. In some cases, schools are responsible for the rise in cheating because of the way curriculum is presented. In an article written by the Atlantic, a teacher received an anonymous letter from a successful college student stating that he had cheated all throughout high school. He told the author he cheated “because the grade [he]would have otherwise been given was not reflective of [his] true learning” (Lahey). In other words, he felt the teachers were giving him exams that were not accurate representations of the material he had learned. If students are giving themselves excuses for their cheating, that feeling of guilt will subside, and they will not view the action as wrong. Many think they are not at fault if they do not get caught or because they are just trying to keep up with their classmates who are cheating as well. These are the students that contribute to the statistics, the ones who are adding to
Objective: Students will recall conflict terms and prior knowledge of conflict and resolutions in various texts.
Chapter two elaborate on style of conflict, worldview of conflict, negative view, positive of conflict, lens model of conflict, and description of conflict. Chapter encourage me to think about conflict in my life, and the chapter introduce lend model of conflict. The lens model of conflict has benefits in perspective and analysis the conflict. The perspective within conflict would help to understand both side of the conflict. Analysis the conflict would help come to resolution, compromise, or agreement. Also, conflict was seen different with everyone. Even culture has influence on conflict. Overall, I believe that patience would be most helpful in managing conflict.
Why is it the fault of the educator that their students cheat? Blaming teachers for plagiarism is outrageous. While there is more that teachers can and should do, blaming them isn’t the answer. There is even a real story of a college professor who caught 20% of his class cheating and was rewarded by the smallest...
One of the major foundations of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act, a national law requiring public schools to distribute standardized tests at least once a year, is that schools may be sanctioned by the federal government as a result of poor test grades. Obviously, this threat places an extraordinary amount of stress on schools to do well on their exams and holds teachers and administrators more accountable. However, it also causes teachers to teach the test rather than their curriculum, allowing students to perform better on exams without actually understanding the tested material (Karp). Test-teaching has become so common that students may actually take classes helping them to improve test scores, and whole days of public school are spent teaching kids better and faster ways to eliminate wrong answers (Gallagher). Such usage of classroom time and faculty effort is by no means useful to any child?s education, and its pervasiveness is unacceptable.
Many people enjoy working or participating in a group or team, but when a group of people work together chances are that conflicts will occur. Hazleton describes conflict as the discrepancy between what is the perceived reality and what is seen as ideal (2007). “We enter into conflicts reluctantly, cautiously, angrily, nervously, confidently- and emerge from them battered, exhausted, sad, satisfied, triumphant. And still many of us underestimate or overlook the merits of conflict- the opportunity conflict offers every time it occurs” (Schilling, nd.). Conflict does not have to lead to a hostile environment or to broken relationships. Conflict if resolved effectively can lead to a positive experience for everyone involved. First, there must be an understanding of the reasons why conflicts occur. The conflict must be approached with an open mind. Using specific strategies can lead to a successful resolution for all parties involved. The Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument states “there are five general approaches to dealing with conflict. The five approaches are avoidance, accommodation, competition, compromise, and collaboration. Conflict resolution is situational and no one approach provides the best or right approach for all circumstances” (Thomas, 2000).
One way teachers boost their scores is blatantly changing the answers that their students mark (Levitt 25). This was revealed using an algorithm to detect the most obvious forms of cheating, and when looking at the scores of the classes suspected of teaching there is often a dramatic fall in scores the next year (Levitt 31). Teachers who cheat on these tests find their bonuses more important than a good, honest education for their students. Rather than relying on their good teaching, they feel the need to cheat to get high scores. Additionally, teachers might write, “the answers to the state exam right there on the chalkboard” (Levitt 24). This is possibly more alarming than secretly changing the answers after the students turn in the test because it teaches the impressionable children that cheating is the best way to get ahead. Giving extra time is just another example of how teachers violate the rules of the test and implicate the notion that cheating is okay or even favorable. Not only do teachers cheat, but they also tarnish the intent of the standardized tests by specifically catering to what is questioned on the test. While this is not technically cheating, it hinders the educational experience. Likewise, it teaches students to put more importance on testing than
workplace include greater total resources, greater knowledge band and a greater source of ideas. However, these advantages can also bring on conflict within teams and the entire workplace. Varney (1989) reported that conflict remained the number one problem within a large company. This was after several attempts were made to train management in conflict resolutions and procedures. However, the conflict remained. The conflict possibly remains because the managers and leaders did not pay attention to the seriousness of the issue. In order to maintain an effective team, leaders and team members must know and be proactive in the conflict resolution techniques and procedures.
Modern students face many pressures for academic success. They are often unwilling to disappoint their parents or spouses. Some fear that not cheating will weaken a student’s ability to compete with their peers. They rationalize their unethical behavior, unwilling to accept a poor grade, consequently justifying cheating as the only means to that end.
Levine, S. (1998) Getting to resolution turning conflict into collaboration. San Francisco, CA, Berrett-Koehler, (p.125)
School systems today are so lenient in their rules, guidelines and consequences; thus causing cheating, copying or forgeries to be frequently used. Many students take advantage of copying someone else's work whenever they are given the chance. Other times, students will simply have someone else do their work and turn it in as their own, not realizing the effects this behavior can create. This creates a lack of creativity, no sense of responsibility and the students will never acquire new knowledge. These practices of cheating, copying and forgery by students are unethical and should be brought to the surface whenever possible.