Article 1
Information Technology Ethics
IT Professional is a publication (Keith W. Miller 2009), it is such like book publication, it also has copyright problem, plagiarism problem, and many problems like book publication, so, to be the Professionals, they must act like the book authors to solve these problems. In aspects of IT, the side of ethical problems are including advice on how professionals can recognize, analyze, and make judgments on challenging questions about right, wrong, and computing. Computers have become essential tools of modern humans, regardless life, entertainment, education, work, and business are related with computer. Computer impact on human society very much. So knowing the Information Technology Ethics is very important to everyone, because it is useful to everyone who lives in this age.
There are many unethical IT problems, such like receiving spams on the email, this problem puzzles many people, because this kind of email could make a lot of space unavailable, many spams’ content are not suitable for children, some spams have virus inside, and many problems of spams. And the other thing is malware, it is like the trap, many people download it, and they do not know it has bad influence of their computers. The worst thing is called virus, there are many kinds of viruses hide in websites, email, software, and many kinds of thing in the computer, the best way to prevent the virus is to install Antivirus Software, but sometimes, the virus can still go into the computers.
IT is important thing of many people, regardless of now, and future, because it has substituted many things or it includes many things. So people have to learn and understand what is IT ethics, because of that, they can know more about the IT, and they can protect themselves to use it smarter.
Article 2
Medical Records and Software Trust
Many hospitals used paper to record everything in the past, nowadays, they change to use computers to record. Medical software can record many things, such like the patient history, information, and many things, it save a lot of time to record this kind of information. So this kind of the software must be reliable, because it recorded a lot of patient information. So the secrecy of the software must be high, because it has to protect the information of the patients, so if the software is broken or the information outflow than the hospital will be sued by the patients or not be able to operate.
TechFite, known for its production of high-tech goods in Britain, began production in its first overseas factory in Dellberg USA. As TechFite begins its globalization of international economic integration, it soon realizes there are financial and social responsibilities that needed to be addressed in Dellberg.
The main points that are stated in "Employees & Ethics With Computers" by Debra Kraft are personal internet usage, email, harassment, privacy, policies, and training. Kraft's computer ethics relate to the Ten Commandments of Ethical Computing by Computer Ethics Institute. The first computer ethic personal internet usage would fall under multiple commandments such as number two, seven, and ten. If employees are using the internet access for personal internet usage it can slow down and hinder the company connectivity for the entire organization. Email is also a computer ethic that falls under a few the commandments such as one, two, seven, and nine. Improper usage of email service can cost the company in data or business losses.
In order for hospitals and other health care facilities to prevent the thousands of deaths and injuries that occur every year due to medical errors; health care systems were required to implement new record keeping technology. This technology has made patient information and treatment accessible to all who needed to see it. This is especially important when a patient has more than one attending physician and their care relies on each doctor knowing what the other one has done, serving as the prime communication tool between doctors. If organizations do not centralize their technology and essentially their patient databases, the potential for duplicate work or inefficient patient care can exponentially increase. These high tech medical records can help protect physicians and hospitals alike against any lawsuits that may be filed on behalf of their patients. By correctly and thoroughly documenting all symptoms, illnesses, treatments, medication dosages, and diagnosis’ the doctor and health care providers can effectively prove what actions were taken with the patient, communicate with third party billers, and even use the gathered information for teaching purposes. Keeping a precise record of a patient’s medical treatment makes a large difference in many aspects of health care; especially when a negligence tort or claim is filed against the hospital and/or a doctor.
In the modern era, the use of computer technology is very important. Back in the day people only used handwriting on the pieces of paper to save all documents, either in general documents or medical records. Now this medical field is using a computer to kept all medical records or other personnel info. Patient's records may be maintained on databases, so that quick searches can be made. But, even if the computer is very important, the facility must remain always in control all the information they store in a computer. This is because to avoid individuals who do not have a right to the patient's information.
In the article, Healthcare Technology 's Impact on Medical Malpractice, it states that “Technology is a positive development in health care in that it extends the length and improves the quality of life; however, it also has a negative impact on healthcare in the sense that it is causing a rapid increase in healthcare expenditures, and—for healthcare providers—considerably more exposure to liability (McMahon, n.d).” For that reason, healthcare providers are trying to do everything within their power to make sure their new systems are safe and their employees are being properly trained. If systems are not upgraded, then it could possible lead to their systems being hacked because they are not update, secured, or protected. It may make it easier for hackers to break into the system, then the patient’s records are not protected and the HIPAA laws have been broken. Also, if systems are not up to date then this could lead to the office staff not being aware of any new technology rules or laws or if any rules had to be updated or changed. The professional liability underwriting community does not have enough to inspire health care organizations to operate innovative technologies that displays a record of performance by enhancing liability coverage (McMahon,
This article addresses major aspects such as clinical trial, integrated decision support and guidance, inadequacy of paper record, and data entry. The reason that paper records are not a match for modern medicine is that they are not accessible buy multiple health professionals causing a delay in response to health care, confidentiality and security is a risk granted that anyone could physically change the record and it would become official. The author of this article predicted the basic electronic medical record features that are available today, back in 1999 and the features include integrated clinical workstations with the computational power that can assist with clinical matters, financial and administrative topics, research, and scholarly information. This report indicates that having electronic records can provide efficiency throughout the system of health care for instance the example presented in this article was the process of admission, discharge and transfer of a patient can be changed drastically due to it initially taking hours to going from in and out in minutes. This article will provide the foundation of EMR’s and how time for reform had come more than a decade ago and it’s time for reform once again. With the examples and strategic tactics provided, it is fairly simple to display the evolution of Electronic medical records from
We as nurses rely on technology, but we also have been taught to beware technology from making judgments for our nursing car. We know that technology can be wrong or mess up just like a human; therefore, we must always be knowledgeable and question our practice, to ensure safe nursing. Technology has pros and cons just like the human person does. “Storing clinical data, translating clinical data into information, linking clinical data and domain knowledge, and aggregating clinical data” is a helpful and time saving use of technology (Yoder-Wise, 2015). However, technology sometimes take precious time away; for example, a study found that “nurses spend up to 40% of their workday meeting ever-increasing demands from the systems in which they work” (Yoder-Wise, 2015). Technology also brings up an “ethical dilemma” as to when and how to use “extraordinary means to prolong life for patients with limited or no decision making capabilities” (Yoder-Wise, 2015). When is technology prolonging pain and hindering a peaceful natural death. Other issues like, “safeguarding patient’s welfare, privacy, and confidentiality” have been called into question with use of patient information in the computer systems (Yoder-Wise, 2015). There has to be safety parameter to protect patients according to HIPPA law, for example firewalls (Yoder-Wise, 2015). However, computerized patient information has also been a live saver and time saver because “provider order entry” is more clearly written,
Torrey, T. (2009, February 19). Limitations of electronic patient record keeping: Privacy and security issues. Retrieved June 29, 2011, from http://patients.about.com/od/electronicpatientrecords/a/privacysecurity.htm
Medical facilities have to follow certain guidelines. They have to insure patient’s privacy in all areas. The medical facility has to protect the patient medical records and all healthcare information for the patient. If paper files are still in use at the medical facility, it should be stored, where it can be locked at close of business. Also, medical files should not be kept where individuals, other than those that need to use them, have access to them. Electronic medical records are being pushed for all facilities, large or small. The thought is less chance of someone having access that should not. There are firewalls, password use, encryption and other means of protecting electronic health records.
We can look at the patient’s allergies, their vital signs, and even their most recent weight which is important when we have a patient with Congested Heart Failure. Being able to share a patient’s medical record and all their health care encounters is so vital in the complete care of a patient. Being able to assess a patient’s medical record electronically is also important when it comes to prescribing medications because it can alert the provider to potential conflicts with other medications that the patient has been prescribed. And if a patient comes into the emergency room unconscious from an accident, the provider can still look up the patient and adjust care as needed. The electronic medical record is important in the transition of care of a patient from one provider to another. For example, when a patient is hospitalized and then discharged, they are asked to follow up with their primary care doctor within two weeks. With the provider being able to consider the patient’s electronic medical record they can see what care the patient received while they were hospitalized and vice versa, the emergency room provider is also able to consider the patient’s electronic medical record to see the care plan for the patient and the care the patient has been receiving from their primary care provider. According to HealthIT, Electronic Medical Records can reveal potential safety problems when they occur, helping providers avoid more serious consequences for patients and leading to better patient outcomes. Electronical Medical Records can help providers quickly and systematically identify and correct operational problems. In a paper-based setting, identifying such problems is much more difficult, and correcting them can take
Electronic patient records are shared among medical professionals to provide better treatment for the patients. The technology is used among hospitals and private medical practice.
This essay will discuss some of the Social, Ethical and Legal issues that an IT (Information Technology) Professional will likely face during their career in the Information Technology Sector. Furthermore, I will talk about how these issues affect professionals and how they could approach these challenges to try finding feasible solutions for them.
In my opinion, ethics give people free will to make right choices. People have free will to make choices that are governed with responsibility, accountability, and liability. We have a responsibility to perform in an ethical manner and be accountable for our choices or actions. Regardless of the circumstances and choices we make, there are consequences if we make the wrong choice. The question of whether an action or choice is ethical or not is fundamentally based on whether something is right or wrong. From an ethical standpoint, unethical choices and risky behavior can lead to increased liabilities. The liabilities result in the loss or damage sustained by a company or other party as result of an unethical and sometimes illegal decision. Although we exercise free will on a continuous basis, we are governed by the decisions we make and my belief is that the decisions we make daily do not just affect us. These decisions affect other people, such as family, friends, coworkers, instructors, neighbors, etc. The most prominent example of ethics can be recognized in the field of technology based on the growing amount of rapidly changing legislation and acts that under consideration in order to protect people from unethical practices.
When the internet was considered a global information system in 1995 millions of Americans participated in virtual communication. People began to communicate with each other and personal information began to be placed online by the stroke of the fingertips to their own computer. So the question is the privacy of individuals trusted online? Can people snoop around and see personal information? Of course people can if guidelines are not set in place to protect them. Public and private information can be complex when some individual(s) do not expect their communication to be read outside of their online community. What will be discussed are some ethical responsibilities that need to take place in the United States. Respecting the individual privacy and honor confidentiality is a must in this country.
...puter technology are rooted in the general ethical issues that people in society deal with. For example, the ethical issues such as invasion of privacy, theft, and fraud have been around since human beings began interacting with each other. The fact is that elements of these ethical issues are not unique to the computer field or computer technology. These current technologies raise the same ethical dilemmas with conditions that are unique to computer and cyber technology. This explains why we general ethical issue are such as privacy, theft and fraud are reexamined as informational privacy, identity theft and computer fraud in computer technology.