Lake Pokawa is a small, shallow wet land that is approximately 15 km south of Hastings. The lake is a significant land mark for the hapu of Ngai Te Rangikoanaki, people of Te Huke in which they practice their cultural rights. The land has been in the hapu before 1800s. The land has previously been used for commercial eel fishing, in 1960-1970s. But recommended by Mitchell (1984), that commercial fishing be prohibited. In 9196, an eel stock survey was implemented and indicated that the eels were in of decent condition, and the quantity of the stock was recuperating (Jelly and Bonnett, 1996). Furthermore, although commercial fishing was prohibited, it was being informally practiced. As a consequence commercial fishing is prohibited. However, the local people; Tnagata whenua, are permitted to a fish quota, to sustain their cultural rights (Jelly and Bonnett, 1996; Mitchell, 1984).
For the Te Hueke hapu, the decline of the eels from the lake the high depleted recourse, is relevant to the cultural aspects of the people. The history of the lake is directly connected to the eels of the lake and the mana of chief of Te Wheao (Hawkes Bay Regional Council, 1988). In turn, from the Hawkes Bay Regional Council, from 2009, (HBRIC), study, that there are less juvenile eels lass than optimal eels in the lake. Habitat importance and continued access are of a significant importance to sustain the population of the eels. In further, any less decline of the water level will be a detriment.
There were previous issues of eels stock and control. Between 1996 and 2001, an eels stock survey was taken by the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric (NIWA), Research Ltd, New Zealand. In comparing the two surveys, NIWA recognised the average size...
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Knights, B. (1982). Body dimension of farmed eels (Anguilla anguilla L.). in relation to condition factor, grading sex and feeding. Aquaculture Engineering 1, 297-310.
Knights B., White e, & Naismith, I.A. (1996). Stock assessment of European eels, Anguilla Anguilla L. In: I.G. Cowx (ed). Stock Assessment in Inland Fisheries, Oxford: Fishing News Book, pp. 413-446.
Liew. P. (1982). Impact of eel ladder on the upstream migration eel. (Anguilla rostrata) population in the St Lawrence River at Cornwall; 1974=78. In K.H. Loftus (ed.), Proceedong fo the 1980 North American Eel Conference. Ontaria Fisheries Technical Report Series No. 4, pp 17-22.
Schilt, C. R. (2007). Developing fish passage and protection at hydropower dams. Applied Animal Behaviour Scence, 104, 295-325.
Name – Arius felis Name – Hardhead catfish Description – Hardhead catfish have six rounded barbels that stick out from their chins like whiskers. These barbels help the catfish find crabs, fish and shrimp in the muddy bays where they live. The dorsal and pectoral fins each are supported by a sharp, slime-covered barbed spine. The catfish is covered in a mildly toxic slime, that causes severe pain, and swelling, should the catfish cut you. The dorsal spine normally is held erect when the fish is excited, and a tennis shoe or even a leather-soled shoe offers little protection.
13. Species Summary for Etheostoma nianguae: Niangua darter. Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr,1991. (On-line) http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/SpeciesSummary.cfm?ID=3444
Since three-forth of the world is composed of bodies of water, it’s natural that a great number of people rely on fishing for their livelyhood or just for their recreation needs. There are numerous of fish species swimming under the lakes, seas, ponds, and rivers. Most anglers consider fishing as the delight in their purpose-driven life, a sport, as they say.
...e use of FAD-associated purse seine caught tuna and will only sell tuna caught using environmentally responsible methods, currently defined to include pole & line and un-associated purse seine.” (JW). Some other conservation groups include the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission who works with the Government of member nations in the group to examine the human effects on tuna population and give recommendations on the amount that should be caught to keep a sustained population. WWF is another large group who collaborate with numerous other groups to help the population. Two such collaborations are with the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) who work by certifying tuna fisheries, and encouraging retailers to buy from MSC certified fisheries and the International Seafood Sustainability Foundation who help in the conservation and management of tuna populations (WWF).
Larabee, John, and Richard Price. "Tide of Troubles has Fish Industry Reeling/ Crisis Caused by Pollution, Development, Over-Fishing." USA Today 10 Mar. 1994: 9A
“Summary Report for: Fish and Game Wardens”. O Net Online. 2014.Web. 4 April 2014. >.
Earth's oceans make up over 75% of the Earth as a whole. With that being said, it is vital to understand the significance on the contents of the oceans. Since fish and marine products make up a large portion of our diet, fishing practices need to be properly managed. In this essay, overfishing will be defined, its consequences will be revealed, and plans for proper fish distribution will be executed.
Jong, MC van Zyll de, I. G. Cowx, and David A. Scruton. "An evaluation of instream habitat restoration techniques on salmonid populations in a Newfoundland stream." Regulated Rivers-Research and Management 13.6 (1997): 603-614.
The quest to gain international agreement on ethical and legal norms for regulation of whaling has had a long and troubled history. The modern phase of global concern over whaling ethics and conservationist management originated in 1946, when the International Convention on Regulation of Whaling was signed. Thus, the International Whaling Commission was created. The International Whaling Commission was designed to control and mandate the whaling industry. From it’s beginning as simply a whalers club with scientific guidance, to the current day conservationist body, the IWC has undergone many revisions and transformations since the start.
Overfishing is a harmful practice, that will eventually lead to the collapse of aquatic ecosystems, if it’s not dealt with promptly. Overfishing emerges from the combination of our over consumptive society mixed with the great profits that come from hauling in a good catch. The consumers demand for fish in Japan seems to be at an increasingly high rate due to the enjoyment and cultural values that arise from sushi and other traditional dishes involving seafood. Approximately 23 percent of Japan’s protein intake comes from the ocean, and as a nation consumes 7.5 million tonnes of seafood annually. CITATION
From the surface to its deepest depth the ocean is 11km deep, and with this distance comes a vast change in physiological feature of fish as they try to survive the changing conditions.
Conclusively and strongly stressed to the naive freshwater fisherman, freshwater fishing can shockingly differ from saltwater fishing. Successful freshwater fishing is allowed by simpler and more practical means, including a wider range of lure selections, limp and simple line, and the lightest of gear. It has minimal demands on fishermen and equipment. Saltwater fishing, on the other hand, surely does not.
Fishing has been a mainstay industry in Sri Lanka for centuries, but it has been ravaged with political, economic, environmental disasters and social issues over the past century (Olstrom, 1990, Yamada, et al., 2006, Arunatilake et al., 2014). In the southern tip of Sri Lanka, lies the fishing village of Mawelle (Ostrom, 1990, p. 149). Southern Sri Lanka’s fishermen fish with beach seines (called madella or “big net”) that are half-mile long nets and were a source of economic stability for the individuals living in the region (Ostrom, 1990, p. 149).
"Endangered Species and Habitats." Climate Change: The Effects on Ocean Animals. New England Aquarium, n.d. Web. 29 Mar. 2014. .