Human computer interaction involves a dialog between users and a system, the quality of which dependents on factors including the promptness of the system’s response. Interaction techniques are often characterised by a series of action and reaction whereby for every action of the user, a reaction from the systems is expected. Such interaction is often sequential and involves pauses of reaction expectation. The actions of the users can therefore be characterised as discrete. However, novel technologies have introduced continuous interactions necessitating a continuous monitoring of user input and continuously providing reinforcement to this input. Continuity therefore ensures a continuous supply of input to the system and in return, the computer systems continuously respond to this input.
2. RESEARCH AIM
Novel interaction techniques, such as gesture, speech, body expression recognition, haptic devices, and video, are characterized by the significance of the temporal aspects of interaction. Those techniques, especially when used in combination, require thinking of interaction over time intervals rather than at discrete points (Faconti & Massink, 2000). Similarly, temporal interaction involves temporal response from the system. These continuous responses serve as reinforcement to the user’s input and are required to have no gaps when they are delivered.
In a continuous interaction, the computer system must be able to adapt its response to meet the requirements of continuity and reinforcement. Systems like GPS devices are able to continuously monitor input (user position) and response via diverse means (reflecting the position on a map). The adaptation of the response to continuity and reinforcement must also ensure that the re...
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...ng to voluntary physical exhaustion. The Journal of Sports
Medicine and Physical Fitness, 39 (3), 220–25.
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The extent of empirical evidence available concerned with testing the Mozart effect fails to include babies as participants and is instead limited to testing children to adults. A study conducted by Jones and Estell (2007) attempted to test the neurological and arousal theories of the Mozart effect and fill the gaps of previous experiments that were typically conclusive of college-aged students. The study included 86 high school participants aged between 14 and 18 who were randomly assigned to either an experimental or control group. The experimental group were exposed to a 7.5-minute segment of Mozart’s sonata whilst sitting quietly in a classro...
Whether you’re a devoted music enthusiast or you just listen to the radio to pass time, we all listen to music. However, when listening to music, nobody stops to think about what they are doing. Nobody stops to contemplate how the music they are listening to affects them psychologically. We just listen to the music and enjoy ourselves. In fact however, a great deal of research has been done to determine the psychophysiological effects of music. Many studies have been conducted to determine whether music can help people who suffer from psychological and medical disorders, Scholars continually debate whether music can influence behavior, and researchers are attempting to understand what is happening in our brain when we listen to music.
Karageorghis, C.., Terry, P., (1997) The psychophysical effects of music in sport and exercise: A review,.Journal of Sport Behavior 54–68.
The past research about the effect of music on the brain is called the Mozart Effect. The Mozart Effect refers to claims that people perform better on tests of spatial abilities after listening to music composed by Mozart. This experience examined whether the Mozart effect is a result of differences in stimulation and temper. (William Forde Thompson, E. Glenn Schellenberg and Gabriela Husain, 2001). A research was made by Dr.Gordon Shaw at UCI and Fran Rauscher about this Mozart effect. The experience is to use college students who listened to Mozart’s symphonies while they are solving a spatial temporal task. This task is a famous one: the paper folding and cutting test. The results were astonishing. In fact, all the students recorded impressi...
Parncutt, Richard, and Gary E. McPherson. The Science and Psychology of Music Performance. New York: Oxford, 2002. Print.
Priest, D.L. & Karageorghis, C.I. (2008). “A qualitative investigation into the characteristics and effects of music accompanying exercise.” European Physical Education Review, 14: 347-367.
A recent study by Ferguson and Sheldon (2013) looked at inducing positive emotional states in their participants using classical music. In their study, participants listened to either 12 minutes of an upbeat “hedonically positive” classical music piece or a slow “hedonically ambiguous” classical music piece. Their results showed that participant...
Music, an essential component to mankind’s culture, is said to affect the intellect of humans in several different ways. Specifically, it’s affect on infants is more important than any other age group due to the brain’s plasticity at such a young age. Music can improve learning skills, test taking skills, concentration, heartbeat, and relaxation. Understanding the human brain is a great endeavor that countless scientists have spent lifetimes on. It will probably never be fully understood, however, I think that researching music’s relationship with the brain should help uncover many mysteries. Neuroscientific studies have shown music to be an agent capable of influencing complex neurobiological processes
Linder, Todd. “The Effects of Music on People's Behavior”. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Dec 2013. .
Husain, G, Schellenberg, G & Thompson, W. (2002). Effects of Musical Tempo and Mode on Arousal, Mood, and Spatial Abilities. Music Perception, 20(2), 151-171. Retrieved from http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~w3psygs/Husain.pdf
The first theoretical statement of the middle-range MMM theory is that music produces the psychological response of altered mood leading to improved health outcomes (Murrock & Higgins, 2009). Based on the musical elements of rhythm, melody, pitch, harmony, and interval there are psychological responses that are elicited once music passes through the auditory cortex of the brain to process it (Murrock & Higgins, 2009). The right hemisphere of the brain helps with response and cognitive recognition of music and in turn is able to alter the mood, leading to various health outcomes (Murrock & Higgins, 2009). In a stu...
Campbell, D. G. (1997). The Mozart effect: tapping the power of music to heal the body, strengthen the mind, and unlock the creative spirit. New York: Avon Books.
Listening to music releases dopamine in the brain. Dopamine is known not only for improving mood but also increasing motivation and emotional stamina. But the benefits that come from listening to music affect more than just the way we feel. Studies have shown that when listening to the right style of music at the right decibel level, students have been able to concentrate better. For studying purposes, this mainly applies to classical music. Many school teachers and professors argue that music is simply distracting, or so stimulating that it inhibits a student’s ability to focus. However, when classical music has few words, or as is often found, few English words, the mind isn’t as easily distracted by the meaning or idea of the song. In fact, what is sometimes interpreted as chaotic in classical music can provide a high enough level of exertion for your brain to comprehend, that it stimulates high l...
Weinberger, Norman M. “Music and the Brain.” Scientific American Special Edition 16.3 (2006): 36-43. Health Source- Consumer Edition. Web. 10 Oct. 2015.
Human Computer Interaction is an emerging field that encompasses computer science along with cognitive science, psychology, artificial intelligence, industrial design and human factors engineering. A few decades back the field was confined to personal productivity applications. However, now it has diversified and includes aspects as varied as information systems, visualization, system development process and collaborative systems. The researchers in this field find novel ways and technologies that can facilitate better interface between humans and computers and hence lead to positive outcomes. On an individual level, I tend to figure out how people react to various things in any field, it’s like a hobby that has intrigued me for a long time