Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Punishment and white collar crimes
Punishment and white collar crimes
Punishment and white collar crimes
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Punishment and white collar crimes
The RICO act has been very affective in halting the American Italian mafia’s strong hold in the country. It has also, been affecting those who are not considered gangsters, but have committed RICO violations in the country. Some of these people were some of the most trusted investors in the country and were able to steal or embezzle millions of dollars from citizens. Even though the full amount of money that was stolen is not usually returned to the investor, the RICO act gives the country an opportunity to imprison these violators for a very long time. Even though the RICO act was created to combat organized crime, it has been just as affective against non-mafia white collar criminals.
When people think of the RICO act they think of gangsters that have been charged for their violations. One of the most famous American gangsters that have been charged under RICO was John Gotti the head of the Gambino crime family in New York. In 2011 the FBI arrested 127 members connected with organized crime in New York, New Jersey, and New England. Most of the people arrested were either in one of the five families in New York or connected to them in some way. These are the people in America that are considered horrible criminals that should serve prison time for the crimes that they have committed. There are very few people in the United States that would voluntarily do business with the Italian mafia. This is because of the reputation of the Italian mafia committing illegal activities. This is not the case for those who are CEO’s of large companies or those who hold series 6 and series 7 licenses. These licenses allow a person to sell mutual funds and stocks respectably. These people are trusted with a person’s money and licensed by the fed...
... middle of paper ...
...y were “earning” that they continued to invest. Most never tried to cash out their earned dividends and had the profits reinvested. There were a few people that did receive their profits and it became known in Madoff’s RICO case that they were all his friends. His friends were able to profit greatly from this scheme. One of his friends Jeffry Picower was able to make $5,771,339,795 from his investments in Madoff’s company. It was well documented in the RICO case that Picower told Madoff how much return on his investment he wanted and then he got that amount. In one particular instance he was able to have over nine hundred and fifty percent returns on his investment. This is an astronomical amount for a return on a stock investment. Picower was one of many believed to have known about the scheme, but most investors did not know they were being scammed.
Thomas Reppetto’s book is a solid account of the events that took place between 1880 and 1995. The events are detailed and contain fact and evidence, he uses first hand knowledge, being a former chicago commander of detectives, Reppetto was well equipped to write this book. In American Mafia, and its rise to power, Reppetto shows the different parts of the mafia and their communication with the police and italian civilians. The book starts off showing the worst part of the mob, or mafia, and how bad they truly are. Using examples like how many people they’ve taken out and how they’d be one of the richest fortune 500 companies, ift was legal. The book also has how the police reacted to the crimes, in chapter one, they take you into the lives
Lies were the beginning of the end. Neither Madoff or his partners were licensed to be financial advisors for the number of clients they represented and they knew this. The client regulations stated that if you were not licensed then you could have no more than 15 clients and Madoff had 3,200 clients. This one simple violation could have shut down the entire operation if it had been enforced from the start.
The Bernie Madoff Ponzi Scheme is a well-known case and is known as one of the biggest Ponzi scheme’s. In summary the scheme occurred for many reasons that I will some up into 3 points; A lack in competency by regulatory agencies, a lack of regulation, and finally a breach in ethics by Bernie Madoff himself. To explain further, the regulatory agencies like the lawyers and SEC are supposed to prevent schemes such as this one from happening but because they lacked the skills to correctly assess the situation, interpreting the number of tips they had received regarding scheme that had been filed, and to act on those in an efficient manner. One of the tips was made by Harry Markopolos in 2000, of who correctly predicted that Madoff was guilty of fraud. Even after this tip from Markopolos, Madoff was not arrested until 2009. Many family members were also a part of the fraud along with some non-family members such as Frank DiPascali and a team known as the 17th floor team, who helped Madoff carry out his fraud. The idea behind Madoff’s fraud was that he would produce false statements of their investments and when people wanted to pull out their investments, the money wasn’t actually there, which rightfully rose more than a few eyebrows and ultimately led to his arrest.
... Mafia, had helped criminals obstruct the justice system (10,13). It was claimed to be “impossible to get a jury of men courageous enough to try criminals” because of their power and ruthlessness (10,14). This prevented any violent criminals from being incarcerated and kept many of them on the streets to keep creating violence. Crime groups such as the Mafia run by Torrio controlled elections for their benefit, like in Cicero in April 1924, where gunman and mafia members stood outside election ballots to intimidate the voters (11,909). Criminals such as Dion O’banion, an Irish bootlegger, were treated as celebrities. When O’banion died in 1924, his funeral was attended by nearly 20,000 mourners (12,137). It was clear that due to the power and wealth that the illegal smuggling had given criminals, law and order was certainly at the mercy of organized crime (12,137).
Where the division of tasks maybe seen as effective, the Sicilian brotherhood objectively defines individualism when gang members decided to split into five distinct families. With some time, each family was watching out of themselves and the sense of loyalty became shattered. Even until this day, as stated by history.com, “some Mafiosi, in order to avoid long prison terms, began breaking the once-sacred code of omerta and testified against fellow mob members”. Moreover, Italian mobsters don’t place a great importance on mafia identification, but ritualistically members are solicited through an introductory dinner and given a badge. But still since their start in the prohibition era, the one thing both the Italian mafia shares with Russian gangs is repudiation to government authorities and this is what allows the mafias to live on.
The American Mafia, particularly Chicago, rose to power through its success in the illegal liquor trade during the 1920s Prohibition era. Once Prohibition ended, the Mafia began delving into other criminal ventures, examples like drug trafficking and illegal gambling, at the same time, routing themselves in labor unions and businesses such as construction and New York’s garment industry. The Mafia’s violent crimes, secret rituals and notorious characters such as Al Capone and John Gotti have fascinated the public and become a part of popular culture. Later on in the 20th century, the government implemented anti-racketeering laws to convict high-ranking mobsters and weaken the Mafia. However, it remains in business today.
During 1869-2014 the Sicilian mafia in America evolved in a number of ways such as: the change in rules, leaders, how it is run, the change in code and power over American society. These topics will be covered throughout this essay and will give you a detailed explanation furthermore the history of the evolution that took place. The Sicilian Mafia started in poor Sicilian ghettos in America and spread into the cities striking fear into the American society. With around 2,500 members it is seen as the most powerful and the most active Italian organized criminal group in the United States of America. The Sicilian mafia is more commonly known as La Cosa Nostra.
The most common and popular organized crime system is the mafia. This organized crime unit was originated in closely knit immigrant groups that did not trust local authorities. The mafia is also known as the La Cosa Nostra or the mob. The name mob was an umbrella name of clandestine organizations in Sicily and the United States. The mafia reached the United States in the early twentieth century. Newly arrived Italians in the United States spoke little to no English. They clustered in the same neighb...
...rtunately, it was to no avail. The most infamous names in organized crime such as the American Mafia and Al Capone went on to set the precedence for how organized crime was run. Never before had American gangs operated on a national level, never before had crime been thought of as glamorous, and never before had average citizens broken the law daily. The nature of crime is still changing today. Recently, a new type of crime has been flourishing. Cybercrime is silently terrorizing America and has become almost unstoppable. The FBI has been tracking the amount of internet crime in America since 2001. In total , 289,874 internet crime complaints were reported to the FBI in 2012 alone (Annual Reports). The total loss from money from victims is estimated to be $525,441,110.00. $4,672,985.06 of which came from victims of FBI impersonation emails. (Annual Reports)
In conclusion, currently the Sicilian mafia is far weaker than it had been in prior decades. Mostly due to the government crackdowns on high profile mafia captains. The state of government especially in terms of local government and politics is where mafia elements are particularly active and exert influence in order to further their agendas. To this day we can see that the sole reason for the continued existence of the mafia within Sicily is the administrative shortcomings of an inefficient governmental structure which either cannot or will not fills the needs of the citizenry. We can infer that the best way to combat and eventual try to eliminate mafia influence in the Sicilian context is to improve the efficiency and responsiveness of government to the needs of their people.
The era of Don Carlo, which lasted from 1957-1976, was enormously prosperous for the Gambino Crime Family. At the beginning of his rule he, and many other crime families, ran into a pretty large roadblock. As Gambino was being sworn in as leader of the Cosa Nostra, President Elect John Fitzgerald Kennedy, a man who had “sworn to destroy people like him and rid the nation of the scourge of organized crime” had also been sworn in”(Davis 87). The Kennedy brothers, with Robert as head of the McClellan Committee, was the first time that the executive branch of the government directly went after organized crime. Before Kennedy, presidents had even been opposed to going after the mob Harry Truman and Eisenhower discouraged hearings like Kefauver’s to proceed. Another huge obstacle to the federal investigation of the Cosa Nostra lay directly at the feet of corrupt FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover. He obtusely denied the existence of the Mafia and was reported to call the reports of its existence “baloney” (Davis 87). Eventually, after overwhelming evidence, Hoover was convinced there was a problem and organized crime was the reason for it. President JFK’s brother, Attorney General Robert Kennedy instituted the world’s largest attack on organized crime in all of history. He drew up a list of the top targets, forty in all, and went on his way. After the first year of his war on organized crime, Bobby Kennedy indicted 121 mob defendants and had 73 convictions. By 1963 there was 615 indicted and 288 convictions. One of the most long-lasting tactics that were introduced during Kennedy’s campaign, was the use of bugs and other listening devices in the homes, favored clubs, and hideouts of the mobsters. Electronic surveillance was a new resource an...
There are many myths that surround the idea of how the mafia’s function and what exactly was entailed with organized crime with the Italian gangsters. One myth
The government also sometimes plays a more obvious role (to the public) that impacts organized crime groups and their activities. One way is when the government implements legislations that would affect organized crime groups and what they are able to do. Sometimes the government does indeed look like they want to end organized crime, but when attempts are made sometimes the result is not the greatest. “Terror tactics were thus used by the Mafia to ‘subvert anti-Mafia actions and legislative moves, these bombings were meant to openly challenge the political elite and send a message to the ‘powers-that-be’” (Makarenko, pg. 134). Maybe there are other reasons for the government getting involved with organized crime, for reasons other than profit?
In the 1920s and 1930s, intelligence was used to collect information on citizens thought to be anarchists and mobsters, and by the 1940s and 1950s; law enforcement agencies began to utilize intelligence methods in the fight against organized crime. By 1967, the President’s Commission on Organized Crime helped to develop the Racketeering Influenced and Corrupt Organization (RICO). In 1986, the heads of five Mafia families were convicted of violating the RICO. Other types of activities that intelligence is used against are outlaw motorcycle gangs, Russian and Asian organized crime, and street gangs.
This act enabled the American mafia to grow in power by the mafia producing profits from bootlegging booze across America. Through these profits the American mafia produced an “economic foundation” that has helped them “flourish to this day” (Britz, et al., 2006, p. 29). The American mafia’s pursuit of power and money did not stop there. Several decades later the American mafia would team up with the Sicilian mafia in the drug trafficking of heroin. This occurrence would come to be known “the Pizza Connection” because the heroin was being smuggled through New York pizzerias (Britz, et al., 2006). This case struck a blow to both the Sicilian mafia and the American mafia when high ranking officials from both sides went to