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Terrorism and cybercrime
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Security and Technology in Africa
Technology is the improving of tools, machined, systems, gadgets and organization methods to provide solution to a problem to achieve a desire or better ultimatum. Examples include the advancement of the call box to emergence of smart phones in this digital era.
Security on the other hand is protection from harm and destruction. Security applies to vulnerable and valuable assets. These could be people, property, organization or a country. Security is a form of protection where a barrier exists between the assets and the threat.
Security and technology has over the years been overlooked by several African governments till recent years where we see African countries putting strategic investment in technology to offer solutions to overcome threats to security.
We discuss and explain how technology and security correlate. Technology is vital to both terrorism and counterterrorism. Though the approach by the two differ in that governments view technology as a decisive advantage against terrorism while terrorist groups like Al Shabab use technology ...
Retrieved from http://www.terrorismanalysts.com/pt/index.php/pot/article/view/268/540 White, J. R. (2014). Terrorism and homeland security (8th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
“The term technology refers to the use of scientific knowledge to develop practical needs for controlling physical objects and...
Technology, what is it? It’s usually something new, and better than the old idea. Technology started with cars, stoves, TV, radios, etc. Cars takes somebody from one place to another, faster than walking, running, or biking and one could go places without getting tired. Stoves allowed one to conveniently be able to turn on and off heat to a cooking utensil with less clean up. The biggest contributor to making our lives easier would be computers, which has come a long way since its introduction to the world. Also, computers have the ability to be improved more, and more in time. In general, technology started off by comforting our lives. Now, the rapid growth of technology has replaced the need for one’s own intellect.
While there are several competing if loosely defined definitions of cyberterrorism, Hua and Bapta have clearly broken down the core elements to illuminate the nuances between traditional terrorism and an ordinary hacker. As Hua and Bapta aptly state, "modern economies are heavily dependent upon Information Technology (IT) based information systems for survival" (Hua & Bapna 2013). Given our dependence on Information Systems, some effort of consideration must be given to securing them.
The term “cyber terrorism” refers to the use of the Internet as a medium in which an attack can be launched such as hacking into electrical grids, security systems, and vital information networks. Over the past four decades, cyber terrorists have been using the Internet as an advanced communication tool in which to quickly spread and organize their members and resources. For instance, by using the instantaneous spread of information provided by the Internet, several terrorist’s groups have been able to quickly share information, coordinate attacks, spread propaganda, raise funds, and find new recruits for their cause. Instantaneous and unpredictable, the technological advantages these terrorists have obtained from using the Internet includes
a comprehensive research service. Retrieved May 2, 2004, from Terrorist Attack by Al Qaeda: http://www.fas.org/irp/crs/033104.pdf. Gunaratna, R. (2005, September). Retrieved September 2005, from http://strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/parameters/articles/05spring/henzel.pdf. Gunaratna, R. (n.d.).
The threat of global terrorism continues to rise with the total number of deaths reaching 32,685 in 2015, which is an 80 percent increase from 2014 (Global Index). With this said, terrorism remains a growing, and violent phenomenon that has dominated global debates. However, ‘terrorism’ remains a highly contested term; there is no global agreement on exactly what constitutes a terror act. An even more contested concept is whether to broaden the scope of terrorism to include non-state and state actors.
17.) Technology - refers o both tools and know how. Tools allow human to do more know-how is the ability to solve problems systematically.
The Horn of Africa is one of the most important hubs for maritime traffic in the world today. Raw goods, including oil, that are departing the nations of the Arabian Peninsula in the Middle East must pass through this area in route to Europe and the West. Three-fourths of the Earth is covered in water and roughly eighty percent of global economic goods are transported via commercial maritime shippers. The volume of maritime trade is highly congested in this region. Ships must pass through either the Gulf of Aden and ultimately to the Mediterranean or proceed south from the Arabian Sea towards the southern trip of Africa via the Indian Ocean. Piracy in the region has increasing dramatically in the last decade, largely because Somalia and Yemen can be considered failed states. The lack of government involvement in suppressing pirate activities has indirectly allowed them to flourish. The sheer size of the area, roughly two and a half billion square miles, goes predominantly unpatrolled. The scope of the problem piracy poses pales in comparison to the size of the ocean in which they successfully operate.
Seidenstat argues that security is a relative thing and that no set of policies or measures can eliminate all terrorist acts (Seidenstat 2009 ,4). Terrorists will stop at nothing to foil our defenses. They are very patient and creative in planning their attacks. Terrorists will continue to invent ways to defeat our security measures while we are busy with our lives and forgetting about the last attack. Sometimes they don’t need to do nothing but wait for us to let our guard down so they can easily slip passed security measures.
The term “cyberterrorism” refers to the use of the Internet as a medium in which an attack can be launched such as hacking into electrical grids, security systems, and private information networks. Over the past four decades, cyber-terrorists have been using the Internet as an advanced communications tool in which to quickly spread and organize their members and resources. For instance, by using the instantaneous spread of information provided by the Internet, several terrorist’s groups have been able to quickly share information, coordinate attacks, spread propaganda, raise funds, and find new recruits for their cause. Instantaneous and unpredictable, the technological advantages these terrorists have obtained from using the Internet includes
The ICT sector in South Africa has the potential for even further growth. The policy makers in South Africa are under increasing pressure to deregulate the industry in order to encourage foreign investment and increase affordability and access to all South Africans. The current policy is under review as the incumbent ANC government faces massive pressure from the DA on this issue, which for the first time in South African history has become an election manifesto focus. Perhaps the forward thinking of the DA on this issue might spark the ANC and ICASA into making the crucial policy changes which will bring even greater equality of access and increased economic growth through the ICT sector in South Africa.
According to Vikram (7), technology refers the application of scientific knowledge and skills for practical purposes in diverse fields such as industries, education, and agriculture among other fields. Technology is therefore an organized knowledge for practical purposes in human day to day life.
According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary online, technology means: the use of science in industry, engineering, etc., to invent useful things or to solve problems: a machine, piece of equipment, method, etc. that is created by technology.
Technology is one of the groundbreaking inventions humans have come up with. Technology nowadays is so broad there are thousands upon thousands of companies out there with their only intention is to make better technology. Back when it first came out they thought it was going to evolve extremely fast and flying cars would be out in 30 years and such. It’s not evolving at an extraordinary rate, but it’s still evolving at an extremely fast rate.