To most Americans today, life on the reservation is not at all like is glorified to be. Sherman Alexie uses his literary talent to expose the truth inside the reservation. In particular, in his short stories, “The Only Traffic Signal on the Reservation No Longer Flashes Red,” “Every Little Hurricane,” and “Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven,” Alexie reveals the ever continuous cycle trend of alcoholism, poverty, and racial injustice from one generation to the next. As the trend continues, the earlier it seems that the Native American youth are falling into the habits and life choices of their parents. Thus, each of the previously stated short stories addresses the negative turn-of-events that lead to the Native American youth following the same corrupt path as the generations before them from a different angle to expose the truth within the reservation.
Therefore, in “The Only Traffic Signal on the Reservation No Longer Flashes Red,” Alexie uses the epitome of the burnt-out sports hero that appears frequently in twentieth-century American literature as a commonality between reservation life and the rest of America. Thus, the reader can relate to the sports hero, and he/she can understand the anguish felt when the dream of stardom falls short. Every generation has a basketball hero, whom the other reservation natives believe is going to be great enough to get a scholarship to play basketball at the college- and maybe even pro-level. If so, he/she would be breaking the trend of living a life in poverty and resorting to alcoholism as a past time. However, each time someone comes close to breaking the trend and escaping the continuous cycle of a life on the reservation, he comes under the influence of alcohol. Victor, the nar...
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...the story. By concluding in with a sulky mood, Alexie supports the idea that the Native American youth must continue to fight against injustice and to not let previous fights stop them. If they do not continue to fight for their rights, they will continue to live an impoverished life on the reservation.
The words that have been written are not always what is supposed to be read. Sherman Alexie uses metaphors and other literary devices to convey a message to the reader about the native youth and their experiences. The message is relatively consistent; the youth will more likely than not fall into the continuous trends of poverty and alcoholism and surrender to racial injustice just as previous generations have. It is an uninterrupted cycle that is past down to the next generation, and Alexie is only reporting the truth of what really goes on inside the reservation.
The negativity seen in today’s society and the awful stereotypes about Aboriginals would never exist if was not for all the racism and savagery they had to endure. Zen Master and peace activist Thich Nhat Hanh said, “Hope is important because it can make the present moment less difficult to bear. If we believe that tomorrow will be better, we can bear a hardship today.” A reader can identify that one of the main messages to be taken from Indian Horse, is that hope drove Saul to keep on working hard and that residential schools were never able to take away Aboriginal people’s hope. A reader would think that Saul’s acceptance of coaching the Moose is not for his own gain, but also to help the kids who play on the team, both physically and
In this essay, McFarland discusses Native American poetry and Sherman Alexie’s works. He provides an overview of Alexie’s writing in both his poems and short stories. A brief analysis of Alexie’s use of humor is also included.
Sherman Alexie grew up in Wellpinit, Washington as a Spokane/Coeur d’Alene tribal member (Sherman Alexie). He began his personal battle with substance abuse in 1985 during his freshman year at Jesuit Gonzaga University. The success of his first published work in 1990 incentivized Alexie to overcome his alcohol abuse. “In his short-story and poetry collections, Alexie illuminates the despair, poverty, and alcoholism that often shape the lives of Native Americans living on reservations” (Sherman Alexie). When developing his characters, Alexie often gives them characteristics of substance abuse, poverty and criminal behaviors in an effort to evoke sadness with his readers. Alexie utilizes other art forms, such as film, music, cartoons, and the print media, to bombard mainstream distortion of Indian culture and to redefine Indianness. “Both the term Indian and the stereotypical image are created through histories of misrepresentation—one is a simulated word without a tribal real and the other an i...
How White people assumed they were better than Indians and tried to bully a young boy under the US Reservation. Alexie was bullied by his classmates, teammates, and teachers since he was young because he was an Indian. Even though Alexie didn’t come from a good background, he found the right path and didn’t let his hands down. He had two ways to go to, either become a better, educated and strong person, either be like his brother Steven that was following a bad path, where Alexie chose to become a better and educated person. I believe that Alexie learned how to get stronger, and stand up for himself in the hard moments of his life by many struggles that he passed through. He overcame all his struggles and rose above them
Adjusting to another culture is a difficult concept, especially for children in their school classrooms. In Sherman Alexie’s, “Indian Education,” he discusses the different stages of a Native Americans childhood compared to his white counterparts. He is describing the schooling of a child, Victor, in an American Indian reservation, grade by grade. He uses a few different examples of satire and irony, in which could be viewed in completely different ways, expressing different feelings to the reader. Racism and bullying are both present throughout this essay between Indians and Americans. The Indian Americans have the stereotype of being unsuccessful and always being those that are left behind. Through Alexie’s negativity and humor in his essay, it is evident that he faces many issues and is very frustrated growing up as an American Indian. Growing up, Alexie faces discrimination from white people, who he portrays as evil in every way, to show that his childhood was filled with anger, fear, and sorrow.
In conclusion, Sherman Alexie created a story to demonstrate the stereotypes people have created for Native Americans. The author is able to do this by creating characters that present both the negative and positive stereotypes that have been given to Native Americans. Alexie has a Native American background. By writing a short story that depicts the life of an Indian, the reader also gets a glimpse of the stereotypes encountered by Alexie. From this short story readers are able to learn the importance of having an identity while also seeing how stereotypes are used by many people. In the end of the story, both Victor and Thomas are able to have an understanding of each other as the can finally relate with each other through Victor's father.
As the contrasts and similarities of these two authors are examined, the biggest differences between them are their economic and cultural backgrounds which would later play a part in their future hopes and aspirations. Alexie describes growing up in Washington State where poverty was the norm on the reservation he grew up on. He says “We were poor by most standards, but one of my parents usually managed to find some minimum-wage job or another, which made us middle-class by reservation standards….We lived on a combination of irregular paychecks, hope, fear, and government surplus food” (45). On the other hand, Mason relates how she grew up in Kentucky on her f...
When a native author Greg Sams said that the reservations are just “red ghettos”, the author David disagree with that. He thinks there must be something else beyond that point. After his grandfather died, he somehow changed his mind. Because he could not think anything e...
Growing up on a reservation where failing was welcomed and even somewhat encouraged, Alexie was pressured to conform to the stereotype and be just another average Indian. Instead, he refused to listen to anyone telling him how to act, and pursued his own interests in reading and writing at a young age. He looks back on his childhood, explaining about himself, “If he'd been anything but an Indian boy living on the reservation, he might have been called a prodigy. But he is an Indian boy living on the reservation and is simply an oddity” (17). Alexie compares the life and treatment of an Indian to life as a more privileged child. This side-by-side comparison furthers his point that
Sherman Alexie has made a name for himself as a prolific contemporary Native American writer, taking inspiration from his own past and experiences with modern Indian life. While there are many enduring themes throughout Alexie's writings: Native identity, modern reservation life, alcohol abuse etc. when it comes to his collection War Dances, the most apparent motif is fatherhood. Community and family are the heart of Native American cultures, with the father archetype holding great honor and expectation. However with alcohol abuse, poverty, and school drop rates running rampant through Native American reservations it is no surprise that more and more Native children are growing up in broken homes. In an alarming poll by the Kids Count Data Center, a national census, in 2011 out of 355,000 polled 53% live in single-parent homes. The lack of a leader, a strong male role model is a major factor in many of the abysmal statistics facing modern reservation children. The despotism of Native American culture has always been based on the deprivation of power, status, equality, and home. This presents a paucity of male dominance, many of these men feel helpless in a society where they have no real identity. They are forced to live in the idea they have no personal potential so it is understandable why the majority of Indian males may feel inadequate and unable to care for their families. Alexie himself struggled in a home with an alcoholic and neglectful father, and like many Native children he almost gave into a similar chain of abuse and alcoholism. This is what inspires him to write, to expose the corroding inner workings of the modern Native peoples brought on by centuries of autocracy. Oppression and the idea of fatherhood is a common ...
Boys in the Native American culture are pushed to be good runners, skilled hunters, and good warriors. When they achieve this they are considered men in their society. When they become too old to do all of this they become counselors of the village. Women are expected to raise children, make food, and take care of the children for a lifetime. There is no police force, government, or punishment in their culture. They do not need it. These r...
“Reclaiming Culture and the Land: Motherhood and the Politics of Sustaining Community” is about a mother who is a Native American activist who has two children, she wants them to be raised and go to school in an Indian community. “I put my children in that school because I wanted them to be in the Indian community.” She explains that she is not sure if her children know what she is doing is common, but they know that what she is doing is right. “My children do have the sense that what I do is not necessarily common. Recently my daughter started asking me if I’m famous.” She has fought for her children to have a good life, full of community, ritual, and an understanding of who they are and where they come from.
Most of the time, unless you live or grew up on an Indian reservation, you would not be able to get a glimpse at that life. However, Sherman Alexie gave the public an opportunity to see what life was like for those from reservations in his book The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven. Taking place from the 1960-1980’s, the book allowed readers to understand many of the struggles that Native Americans went through. The book, made up of short stories, also puts the audience on the same level as the storytellers and let them understand the mindset and feelings of the main characters.
In The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian Junior, the main character, is a fourteen-year old boy living on the Spokane Indian Reservation in Washington. The Indians living on the reservation are mistreated, abused, and looked down upon. They are the bottom of the heap, the low of the low, and wherever they go they are judged. In the book the main character, Junior, defies all odds and follows his dreams to leave the reservation and make something of himself, unlike his parents who gave up on their dreams and gave in to the peer pressure of the world.
Alcoholism is a chilling subject, but one that is prevalent amongst many adults, especially native americans, and plays a vital role in the message of this book. Alcoholism adds to the overall feeling of depression, as alcohol plays a huge role in all of the negative actions on the reservation. Every single spare dime that Junior’s father could get his hands on was spent on alcohol; he could never dispel it. Even on Christmas when there wasn’t enough money to have Christmas presents, Junior’s dad went drinking. When he came back, Junior’s dad asked him to take his shoe that “Smelled like booze and fear and failure” (Alexie, 151). Inside the shoe was a 5 dollar bill that his dad had saved. Alexie shows honor in that even a raging alcoholic still thought to save some cash for his son. This scene and other scenes from this book show how much alcoholism can take over one’s life, and could even discourage the reader from ever drinking alcohol. Alcoholism even takes over in times of sadness when family members die from alcohol! Guests at Junior’s sisters funeral were ironically “Drinking booze and getting drunk and stupid and sad and mean” (Alexie, 211). Alexie portrays sadness, depression, alcoholism, and a sedentary attitude towards life while adding power to the depressing story of Junior. Some may call the references to alcoholism