“If the purpose of politics is the distribution of favours one had better make sure that there are enough favours to go around or those who are not favour will rise up and smite those who are.” Micheal Manley
There is no joy in being in opposition, you know when you are in opposition you control nothing. If one is outside the “power loop”, one is ineffective and impotent despite the fact that one maybe a duly elected representative of the people.
Historically the introductyion of a democratic political system was due to the failure of the post emancipation , scoio economic situation. Which resulted in the export of the Westminsiter model and fostered the emergence of Caribbean political leadership who favoured progressive upliftment in socioeconomic conditions where it became deeply engrained in the political system. This is where a concsiouness developed based upon sustaining stability and legitimacy of the system . such a system greatly depends on the existence of the enjoyment of political freedoms, as well as the ablity of the government to provide essential needs. In Winner Takes All Ryan speakes of the “exportation” of this Westminister sytem and challleges the theory that political sytesm Anglophone Caribbean has adopted is a model of the British Westminster. Ryan questions this and call such proclaims as myth of the Westminster model of governance.. To further understand ryans criticism one would have to fully comprehend the Westminster model. One may define the Westminster Model as the Westminster system is a democratic system of government that takes after that of the United Kingdom. It is in use in a number of commonwealth nations. They include: the Anglophone Caribbean;Canada; Singapore and India among others...
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...bbean territories that odopt the model has bicarmel system unique to these Caribbean countries “ it is based on nomination through patronage with no security of tenure.” These small territories has very few representative in Parilimiament due to amount and thus there is a lack of backbenchers. This situation creates a competive nature in the political sytem , which further separate it from being a model of the British Westminster model. This competiviness in the political arean leads to several problems of undermining democracy as well as underdevelopement for several of these territories.
From the beginning of the independce period after 1962 for englisgh speaking craibbean territories , the intense and competeive nature of the political system that exsist has constributed to a lack of development in the countries and also undermines citiuzens democratic rights.
... reflect well on the government and could even lead to a future majority government. Lastly, in order to maintain confidence of the House the government makes pacts with other parties in exchange for their confidence for a certain amount of time. This ensures a stable government for a certain amount of time. All in all, a minority government benefits the government and the public.
In 1943, with World War 2 in full throttle, Ayn Rand’s novel “The Fountainhead” was published. Written during a chaotic period in history, this book appeals to the reader's emotions by promoting individual rights, capitalism, and romantic realism. Rand advocated reason along with ethical and rational egoism and opposed collectivism. The main protagonist in the book is named “Howard Roark”. Howard Roark has a love interest named “Dominique Francon”. Dominique is in love with Roark yet she still wants to destroy him because Dominique thinks that Roark’s greatness is going to go unappreciated.
As a representative of the Algo ethnic group, I want to say that our people would like the new state to introduce a parliamentary system of governence. Parliamentarism is a system of government in which the head of government is elected by and accountable to a parliament or legislature. One could rightfully ask: What is our reasoning for desiring this? We think it is justified because in presidential systems the populace at large votes for a chief executive, who is the President, in a nation-wide election. This is revenant as the Algo comprises the minority of the population of the Republic of Jarth, which consists of only 1.1 million representatives in the whole state, compared to that of 2.9 million Randies, 3.8 million Dorfas and 2.2 million Takas living in the Republic of Jarth. One can reasonably assume that the outcome will most likely be that the cumulation of the majority’s vote will hinder the representation (in numbers) of the members of the minority in office. Subsequently, the Algo will have to live under the control of a leader from another ethnic group again, which the Algo members tremble at the thought of because we are proud of their ethnicity and do not wished to be shamed for it. On the other hand, in parliamentarism, the first step is an election of members of parliament, which are the political parties. This is imperative since it will allow the Algo to be able to choose the party we really share interests with....
take it anymore. But when there is a long train of abuses and attacks it is the people's right, it is their duty, to get rid of the government, and to provide new Guards for their future security. The same as these colonies have patiently suffered; the same that now forces them to change their old systems of government. The history of the present king of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and attacks, all contributing to the establishment of an absolute tyranny over these states. To prove this, let facts be submitted to an honest world.
O’ Tuathail,G., Dalby, S and Routledge, P (eds) (2006) The Geopolitics Reader (2nd Edition), Routledge, London.
Discussions of which constitutional form of government best serves the growing number of democratic nation’s are being debated around the world. In the essay “The Perils of Presidentialism”, political scientist, Juan Linz compares the parliamentary with presidential systems as they govern democracies. As the title of Linz’s essay implies, he sees Presidentialism as potentially dangerous and sites fixed terms, the zero-sum game and legitimacy issues to support his theory. According to Linz, the parliamentary system is the superior form of democratic government because Prime Minister cannot appeal to the people without going through the Parliament creating a more cohesive form of government. By contrast, a President is elected directly by the
Renowned for its “of the people” foundation, democracy has become the regime type to which we compare all other regime types- a gold standard of government structure. Because of this ideal, it is of comparative interest that we understand how to classify regimes as either democratic or dictatorial. The Polity IV Measure is a standard for democracy that scores a country (from -10 to +10) on how democratic or dictatorial their election processes and governmental procedures are. Post-independence Zimbabwe is a country that classifies itself as a parliamentary democracy, however due to a history of election scandals and Zimbabwe African National Union’s (ZANU, the current ruling party) maintenance of power for over thirty years, Polity IV granted them a “mixed regime type” score of -4. (Clark, Golder, and Golder 160) It is the purpose of this paper to argue that Zimbabwe does not have a mixed regime, but rather that it employs an authoritarian regime type. After outlining the controversial events resulting from the 2000 general election and surrounding the 2002 presidential election, I...
In this essay I will compare person-Centred counselling with cognitive-Behavioural counselling and their different approaches and why the counselling relationship is so important. There will be a brief outline of what Person Centred and Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy.
There have been enormous efforts to spread democracy as a political system throughout the world by the developed democratic countries and the international development organizations including the World Bank. By the late 1990s the United States alone spent over a half billion dollars to promote democratic expansion throughout the world (Diamond, 2003). These were done considering that the democratic system leads towards development. As a result in the late 20th century we saw a huge political transformation towards democracy. During the last few decades a huge number of countries adopted democracy as their political system. However, it retain a big question how far democracy is successful in bringing development of a country? At this stage, some people also criticizes the effort of democratization arguing that it is done without considering the context of a country, sometimes democracy is not ideal for all countries and it is an effort to extinct diversity of political system. In studying the literature regarding the debate, we found a paradoxical relationship between democracy and development. Some argue that democracy has failed to ensure expected outcomes in terms of development. While others confronted that democracy has a considerable impact on development. Another group of people argue that form of political system actually does not have any impact on development process. On the verge of these debates, some development institutions and academics throw light on why democracy is not working properly, and what measure should be taken to make it more successful in bringing effective development of developing countries. Consequently, this writing is an effort of revisiting the different views about impact of democra...
difficult for the views and opinions of the people to be heard. For these reasons democracy is the
Now days democracy has been establish in every Latin America country except Cuba, which is still a socialist state. It seemed that every other alternative form of government such as Marxism or Leninism has failed and been replaced by democracy. Furthermore it looks like people in Latin American really enjoy democracy and its’ benefits, as they also consider it to be the best form of government. After the failure of authoritarian leaders and the military intervene their lives, Latin American citizens wanted to change their system into a more fair and honest system, democracy. Democracy is usually defined as a system of honesty, equality, freedom of rights, though for Latin America countries it means gains, welfare and patronage. Latin American did not work the democratic system properly as it should be and different obstacles keep the system away from being consolidated. Democracy in Latin America still face serious problems in matters as grinding poverty, huge social gaps, corruption, drug dealing, inefficient governments and most importantly governments who promote and use military. The real question is why democracy actually failed even though democracy is what people want. Paraguay is a case of failure in transition democracy because of the corruption and other things that will be argued in this essay. Paraguay and Ecuador are considered to be the only countries that democratization did not achieve consolidation, in differ from Chilli and Central American.
Divisive national elections in 1957, 1961, 1964, and 1968in Guyana assisted in shaping the boundaries of political and social life. Collectively, these elections served to sustain the ethnic divide amidst an increasingly weary population. By 1968, the ruling party in government, the PNC (Peoples National Congress) began to ‘make moves’ in the state and society designed to consolidate its position.
In Africa, the interests of various individuals and groups have transformed the possession of power into nightmarish dimensions due to the flaws in the political structures of the societies. Although some of these degenerative weaknesses have been explained by historical experiences, there still remains the fact that the progressive development of any society depends on a conscious pruning of flawsin the organizational structure of the society by those with the power to provide guidance and direction. Moreover, this burden of leadership could elicit either patriotic parasitic tendencies in the utilization and exercise of power. (Ehling 23-25)
The formation of an electoral coalition consisting of a national majority allows British elections to be a rapid process. For instance, the elected representatives are in control of the institutional mechanism of exercising authority on matters of national public policy. This gives one party a clear majority of the seats in the lower and more powerful House of the legislature and the legitimate right to control the executive as well as legislative organs of government. (Way
Modernization theory is an unworkable guide for facilitating Caribbean growth because of the many weaknesses, which have been highlighted. The modernization theory although is without a doubt one of he most influential theory, is in fact an unworkable guide to Caribbean development as it simply describes the development process without showing how it might be achieved. The theory is in fact a unilinear, ethnocentric theory and it is with all it's shortcomings which one can conclude that it provides an unworkable guide to Caribbean development.