INTRODUCTION
The dental practice nowadays is completely different how it was long time ago , this difference is because of the different type of disease that we are facing now in the dental practice and also for the different types of treatments that they found for the different medical problems .
Because of the increasing number of the elderly patients that are attending to the dental clinics seeking for dental treatment , is very important to know if they have any medical problem or no , because usually at their age these old patient presents with chronic medical problems , and here we are talking about heart diseases , hypertension , diabetic problems .
The key of successful of the treatment for these types of patients is to make a good diagnosis and evaluation for the case and to check the risk which is followed by doing this type of the dental treatment and if it worth it or not .
The evaluation for these types of patients is by doing a good review of the medical history and here we must ask about the history of the disease and when it started and if the patient is taking medications or no . something very important in these types of patients is to call the physician that is attending him and to check the medical status of the patient and to see if the patient can hold a dental treatment or will lead him for a life threating condition .
MEDICAL HISTORY .
For having the medical history of the patient we have tow forms for doing that , the first one is by asking the patient questions if he has diseases or even if he is taking drugs , the other way is by having questionnaire and ask the patient to fill it out , and when the patient is done by this way if the dentist will notice that the patient has a medical condition a s...
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...can detect many undiagnosed cases of hypertension.
Hypertension is general treated using one of several different classes of drugs. Calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. The use of one or several classes of these medications is usually sufficient to stem the unwanted rise in blood pressure levels.
The American Heart Association produced a chart in 2011 relating to the normal levels of blood pressure. They listed normal as <120/<80, prehypertension as 120-139/80-89, stage 1 hypertension as 140-159/90-95, and stage 2 as >160/>100. If a patient presents with a blood pressure of 160 or greater over 100 or greater, then immediate medical attention is necessary. Those patients can end up in life threatening medical emergencies (hemorrhage, organ failure) in the dental chair if proper screening and care are not provided.
By having the information in the patient’s chart, Annette could refer back to it and follow up to see if anything has changed since the last visit. Most patients she sees do not have oral cancer, but she is able to identify abnormalities and encourage the patient to have them checked to determine if they are precancerous. o Is there anything else you would like to share with me about the head, neck and oral exam in relation to comprehensive, individualized patient care? As a hygienist, you are the number one defense because not everyone sees his or her primary care physician on a regular basis or only for his or her annual physical.
Blood pressure is measured by two pressures; the systolic and diastolic. The systolic pressure, the top number, is the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts. The diastolic pressure, the bottom number, measures the pressure between heartbeats. A normal blood pressure is when the systolic pressure is less than 120mmHg and Diastolic pressure is less than 80mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed when the systolic pressure is greater than 140mmHg and the diastolic pressure is greater than 90mmHg. The physician may also ask about medical history, family history, life style habits, and medication use that could also contribute to hypertension
However, on the a recent visit dated 23/12/13 the patient’s gingival condition had deteriorated, presenting with an increased plaque scores of 34% and bleeding scores to 63%. Intra oral examination also showed generalised oedema and erythema throughout in the mouth in response to this increase in plaque bacteria. The presence of supra-gingival calculus on lower anterior teeth and both sites of upper buccal molars and the patients BPE now reads 212 /121, putting the patients caries risk at a ‘High’ status.
The history of a Dental Hygienist is very riveting. This profession was first founded in 1913 by Dr. Fones when he created the first Dental Hygiene education program in Bridgeport, Connecticut. In 1906 Fones trained Irene Newman the basics, and she was then the first Dental Hygienist in the world. Later, the founding of the first Dental Hygienist training program, many more were founded. People that decide to become a Dental Hygienist for many reasons, and one is because it is listed to be the 5th out of the “100 best jobs” in 2015. Other reasons are because the “U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics” projects that the employment will grow to 33.3%
The dentist will review your general medical history as well as your dental history and examine your oral cavity properly and in great detail. He/she will also check your bite and also take the appropriate x-rays. All these are aimed to determine if you require treatment.
Blood pressure tends to rise with age. Following a healthy lifestyle helps delay or prevent this rise in blood pressure. People who have HBP can take steps to control it and reduce their risk for related health problems. Key steps include following a healthy lifestyle, exercise most days of the week, avoid alcohol, stop smoking, and having ongoing medical care.
Systolic blood pressure is 120/80 the diastolic blood pressure within normal range. Any blood pressure above 139/89 is pre-hypertension. Stage one hypertension is between 140-159 or 90-99, Stage two 160-179 or 100-109 diastolic and Stage three 180 above diastolic110. (Lewis, S.M, Heitkemper M.M &Dirksen, S.R 2004) pg 779.
Not only do they face the obvious challenges with their memory but also often have diminished physical ability and when one adds the possibility of xerostomia from medication it only makes the situation worse. Dental professionals should strive to do the best they can to help all people. Practicing dentistry should not be limited to the people who can take care of themselves. It is clear that people are living longer in the world today and with that comes mental and physical deficits. Oral health care does not become less valuable because a person suffers from life threatening diseases, it should continue to maintain its importance. Many of the problems our geriatric population face can be linked directly to lack of proper nutrition and loss of joy from being able to eat certain foods. Furthermore, oral diseases can cause the manifestation of systemic ailments that ultimately will lead to certain health decline. If people do not consider oral hygiene a priority then it is up to Dental professionals to convince them and encourage them to take responsibility. The general populous has neglected the geriatric population, but health care providers seem to be at the forefront by keeping them in focus. Dental health care providers have a duty to be apart of our older populations
Medical patient history inlcude families history and the status of the family members death if known. It tells relationships of the patient, his or her career and schooling this helps the physician to know and explain behavior of a patient in relation to illness or loss. It contains different habbits such as smoking use , alcohol , diet and exercise. History of vaccination is included and blood test prooving immunity. If a patient is hospitalized there are daily updates that are entered in the medical record; it documents clinical changes and new information.
In conclusion, it is important for the dental staff to treat all patients as if they are infected. A patient may or may not choose to disclose any information pertaining to their disease or they may not be aware of it. It is also important for the dental staff to have immunizations done at regular intervals. The hygienist needs to make sure he or she protects him or herself as well as the patient during treatment. Discrimination against someone with a disease is illegal. With that in mind it is the clinician’s duty to be aware of diseases he or she may come into contact with and how to treat the patient.
The economy plays an important factor of what people want to spend their money on. Dental/ oral health care is important to most people in today’s today world. Since the dental/ oral health industry is very big there are many trends that are arising such as the cost of dental care increase or decreasing, market of the industry and lastly global dental industry.
Dentistry is a fascinating profession for its approach to patients, restoring function as well as es-thetic. I believe that Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery is the most important specialty in dentistry and medicine which combines art with science. It is appealing when patients leave the Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (OMS) clinics not only with good function and esthetic, but also in a better psychological status. And I find the AAOMS’s motto “Saving Faces.. Changing Lives..” very insi...
Over time as individuals age and are faced with access to care issues they may begin to neglect their oral health. As time passes between dental hygiene cleanings or dentist visits the presence of oral disease may begin to increase.
As time goes on there is new demands or requirements in education and work environments. Most of the dentistry field stresses the skills of cleaning teeth, communication with patients and knowing how to use an x-ray. However, employees in the dentistry field might have to get additional education on the new advanced instruments or computer system rather than focusing on how to make the patient more comfortable. If this keeps going, machines might take over doing common oral cleanings rather than hygienist doing it. There is no promising that anything drastic will change in the future, but it should be a concern; a concern that pops the question, "Will proper care be met during the era of
The RN also asks the patient to clarify what the patient means by, “I do have some dental issue when I was young.