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Evolution in human beings
Essay of human evolution
Evolution in human beings
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The third and final episode of the series of Your Inner Fish is called Your Inner Monkey, but also known as Your Inner Primate. After watching this episode, I truly believe that humans are most closely related to the Primates, for example, monkeys. The episode starts off at an ice rink showing people skating around in a circle. A few moments later a person falls on their butt which is the worst place to fall because you would be failing on your tailbone. Humans have inherited a coccyx, which we get from our monkey ancestors. In 1870, a scientist found a jaw bone that looked like it belonged to the first primate, known as the Natharctus. Natharctus was a climber just like the modern monkeys. Their hands looked very similar to a human hand. It had …show more content…
In Ethiopia, a scientist had found a fossil that looked like an ape but walked on two. They named this creature Lucy. Lucy was 3 in a half feet tall, her legs formed an angle which meant that her knees were close together like humans. Before Lucy, the scientist knew there was still an animal missing and the animal missing was Ardi. Ardi was the first primate to walk on two and who had begun the process for all other primates to walk on two. Ardi was four feet tall as was able to climb in trees but was able to walk upright while on the ground. Ardi has many similarities to humans, for example, Ardi’s top pelvic looked human, but the lower half is longer which meant it was useful for climbing. She was able to grasp with her toes and feet and her hands had long fingers and smaller palm like humans. When I found out that the extra credit was to watch the series of Your Inner Fish, to be honest, I was not very excited. After watching the first episode, I truly was intrigued by the series and could not wait to start the next episode. The series has taught me more about how I was made than I had ever learned throughout my
: Primates didn’t just appear among Earth, but they evolved. The coevolution has to do with flowers and fruits. Fruits were evolving to get tastier for primates to eat and as primates ate them they spread them around as well. As they ate these new evolved fruits and flowers this invited changes onto their bodies as
Dr. Goodall is a well-known British primatologist who has discovered a substantial amount about primates in her many years of research. She has written numerous books, including one that we will be going into depth about called, “Through a Window.” Her book contains personal experiences, research findings, and even pictures to help the readers visualize her scientific breaking moments from her thirty years with the chimpanzees of Gombe. She states that there is are minor differences, and several similarities between humans and the chimpanzees. We will discuss these differences and similarities through their social behavior, intellectual ability, and emotions. To conclude, examine Goodall’s research to adopt what her findings can tell us about our early ancestors, and whether or not her study coincided to the steps of scientific methodology.
There was a chief new discovery of fossil bones and teeth belonging to the earliest human ancestors ever discovered. The fossil bones predate the oldest formerly discovered human ancestor by more than a million years. The discovery was of fossil remains of a hominid that lived in present day Ethiopia between 5.2 and 9.8 million years ago. (Hominids include all species following the split as of the chimpanzees on the “human” side of the evolutionary tree.)
Lucy was bipedal and her brain was smaller than that of modern humans. Lucy resembled an ape and was able to make tools to find food and weapons.
Neil Shubin’s book is very informative on how our inner fish is real and definitely present in our bodies today. I have given supporting evidence on how our bodies are based on simple changes (relatively) to already existing systems. This is seen even today when scientists study organisms with a simpler body plan than us to understand medical conditions and mutations in the human body. We were created from variations and modifications to become what we are today and this an astounding thing. Our body plan was possible due to simpler organisms and this gave way to the life we know today.
The evolution of man is constantly in question. While we are reasonably sure that modern humans and primates are both related to the same common ancestor, there is constant debate over what initially caused the two species to split into early hominids and apes. According to some, our longest and most popular theory on the division of man and ape is profoundly wrong. However, those same individuals usually offer an equally controversial theory as a substitute, one that is almost impossible to scientifically test or prove. Both the Savanna Theory and the Aquatic Ape Theory offer solutions to how and why humans evolved into bipedal toolmakers. But with enough questioning, each loses its accountability to rhetorical science.
Her face was projected, and her skull and brain were smaller than a regular human skull. Her face and brain were small similar to a female chimpanzee, which made her teeth relatively small. Her enamel thickness and the residue found on her teeth indicate that her diet varied among meat and fruits. Ardi’s lower back more vertebrae compared to a back of arboreal African apes. Most important, her pelvis and hips were positioned so she can walk up, will also being capable of climbing trees. She also had large hands and no apposable thumb and a big toe for grasping, her wrists were very flexible compared to modern apes, yet similar in a way to
There are two distinct infraorders of Anthropoidea that have been evolving independent of each other for at least 30,000,000 years. They are the Platyrrhini (New World monkeys) and the Catarrhini (Old World monkeys, apes, and humans). These two diverse groups of species can be distinguished from each other most easily based on the form of their noses and by the number of specific types
After millions of years that humans separated from their relative primate how is that humans became bipedal. So many changes have happened to the human body to decide to stay on the ground and abandoned their lives in the trees. Primates evolved different body structures according to their lifestyle and the ecosystem in which they lived. As Charles Darwin natural selection stays; it could be as a result of new environments, the need for food and shelter, which forced humans to adapt and survive. Although, most of primates’ anatomy reflects habits of movement, it could be easy to see the external differences but there are many differences that have been intensely studied and researched.
Primates, any placental mammal of the order Primates, normally having flexible hands and feet and, in the higher apes, a highly developed brain (“Primate”, 2016), have been one of the most popular animals and prominent attractions in zoos.
Australopithecus afarensis existed between 3.9 and 3.0 million years ago. The distinctive characteristics of A. afarensis were: a low forehead, a bony ridge over the eyes, a flat nose, no chin, more humanlike teeth, pelvis and leg bones resembled those of modern man. Females were smaller than males. Their sexual dimorphism was males:females; 1.5. A. afarensis was not as sexually dimorphic as gorillas, but more sexually dimorphic than humans or chimpanzees. A lot of scientists think that Australopithecus afarensis was partially adapted to climbing the trees, because the fingers and toe bones of the species were curved and longer than the ones of the modern human.
Apes, like humans, are catarrhines and part of the superfamily hominoidea. Apes started to appear in the Miocene about 20 million years ago(lecture notes, week 10), under this category there are many primates that are distinguished as apes, such as, orangutans, gibbons, chimpanzees, and gorillas. These particular primates are from the old world and are native to Africa and Asia. Apes can be distinguished by the foramen magnum towards the back of the skull, having no tail, and having a hook nose (Larsen 2013, p. 150). Another characteristic of apes is that they have large brains for their body size, this is important because it shows they have a higher intelligence than other animals, and this can be connected to the relationship shared with humans.
The first group of primates was the Ardipithecus group. They were the earliest humans closely related to other primates. The Ardipithecus group evolved in Africa and took the first step upright on two feet. Sahelanthropus tchadensis was the first human species to ever walk the earth. They were the building block of more complex species to come. There were many species that started the human race such as the Orrorin tugenensis. This species was nicknamed the Millenium Man and live 5.8-6.2 million years a...
... drawn. What makes us human? Through the examination of human evolution, both biological adaptations and cultural adaptations which are distinct to humans can be recognized. Biologically speaking, humans are unique in that they are bipedal, they have larger brain sizes, and longer leg length. When examining the cultural evolution of humans we have a complex language system, we live in communities, engage in symbolic behavior, and act through emotional impulses. While we are often considered to be superior to all other animals, it is important to recognize that while we are animals, we have very distinct characteristics and adaptations that separate us both biologically and culturally from all other animals.
The increase in brain size may be related to changes in hominine behavior (See figure 3). The third major trend in hominine development is the gradual decrease in the size of the face and teeth. According to the Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia ’98, the fossil evidence for direct ancestors of modern humans is divided into the category Australopithecus and Homo, and begins about 5 million years ago (See figure 1). Between 7 and 20 million years ago, primitive apelike animals were widely distributed on the African and, later, on the Eurasian continents (See figure 2). Although many fossil bones and teeth have been found, the way of life of these creatures, and their evolutionary relationships to the living apes and humans, remain matters of active discussion among scientists.