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The concept of transformation in literature
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True or false: Winston Smith remains the same throughout George Orwell’s 1984. The answer is false. Change is inevitable, whether it’s for better or for worse. The Party, a name for the government, controls everything the people of Oceania do. Winston doesn’t fully agree with their leadership, and he is faced with two choices. He can remain orthodox, or rebel against them. What Winston doesn’t realize is how dire the consequences may be if he decides on the latter. Winston Smith exemplifies a dynamic character because of the many changes he undergoes.
Winston begins as a reluctant follower of the government. The Party and Big Brother, the government of Oceania and its leader, constantly monitor its citizens through telescreens and microphones.
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He expresses his dislike towards the Party several ways. From the beginning, Winston hides his actions from the telescreens; he turns his back to them. Writing in his diary is something he conceals from the telescreens and the Party. He uses it to express the distaste he feels for the government; he commits something called Thought Crime. Thought Crime is an offense in which a person thinks in an unorthodox way, and these thoughts are typically against the Party. The second entry in the diary is this: “...DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER…” (Orwell 18). Winston realizes that there’s something sketchy about the Party; and he begins to act upon these premonitions. He feels only one person believes the same about the Party as him, and that’s O’Brien. O’Brien is an inner Party member that Winston feels drawn to. Years ago, he has a dream about O’Brien, and it intrigues him; Winston trusts him. During the Two Minutes Hate, Winston makes eye contact with O’Brien and feels a connection with him. He thinks O’Brien is on his side. “‘I am with you,’ O’Brien seemed to be saying to him. ‘I know precisely what you are feeling…’”(17) Orwell writes. If anyone were to rebel against the Party, Winston believes it would be O’Brien. Winston’s small rebellions against the Party later begin to escalate to something more. The dark-haired girl whom he believes is part of the Thought Police slips him a note. The note says, “I love you” (Orwell 108). Their encounter turns into something a little more. Julia, the dark-haired girl, states a date and describes a destination and they meet. Winston and Julia don’t waste any time, and they jump into having sex. The duo doesn’t do this for pleasure or for love, they do it as an act against the Party. Orwell writes, “Their embrace had been a battle, the climax a victory. It was a blow struck against the Party. It was a political act” (126). The Party is against sex (they even have an anti-sex league), so Julia and Winston make love as an act of vindictiveness. What begins as a one-time thing develops into regular rendezvous that takes place in the upstairs of the shop where Winston purchased his diary. She has a different view of rebellion than Winston does, so she commits relatively small deeds, like buying chocolate from the black market and bringing it to their routinely affairs. However, Winston possesses bigger plans. He believes there is an organization against the Party, and he finds it. It is called the Brotherhood, and O’Brien leads it. To test their loyalty, O’Brien interrogates Winston and Julia. They are submissive, and are willing to do almost anything for the sake of rebelling against the Party. O’Brien asks, “‘You are prepared to give your lives?’ ‘Yes.’ ‘You are prepared to commit murder?’ ‘Yes’” (Orwell 172). These statements prove their dedication to destroying the Party. Winston and Julia are now willing to give their own lives and take the lives of others for the Brotherhood. As the novel ends, Winston Smith loves Big Brother and the Party.
The Brotherhood turns out to be a set up, and Winston and Julia get arrested for Thought Crime. At the beginning of the novel, Winson merely thinks against the Party. At this point, he and his partner, Julia, are willing to die and kill for the sake of unorthodoxy. After his arrest, Winston transfers to the Ministry of Love to receive treatment for insanity. His treatment consists of three steps: learning, understanding, and acceptance. Winston must relearn what he knows in a way that pleases the Party. Understanding what O’Brien informs him of is the next step. If the Party says two plus two is five, then Winston must comprehend why it is five. Lastly, Winston must accept this new way of thinking. O’Brien states, “... You must love Big Brother. It is not enough to obey him; you must love him” (Orwell 282). While the last stage occurs, Winston must face his biggest fear and final test: rats. His treatment is successful because he would rather hand off the punishment to Julia, who ends up doing the same. Then and there, he is deemed cured. Winston gets released, and spends a lot of time in a cafe drinking gin. Suddenly, trumpet call sounds. Trumpet calls mean a victory, and the telescreen in the cafe announces the good news. Winston’s heart races, and he doesn’t move, but he thinks about running with the crowds, cheering and celebrating. Winston Smith comes to the realization that his mindset has changed. He thinks of how the treatment is complete, and he could be shot anytime now. “The long-hoped-for bullet was entering his brain” Orwell describes (297). Winston meets his inevitable fate: he loves Big
Brother. Winston Smith begins as an average citizen. He may not agree with the way the Party leads Oceania, but he finds himself following them anyways. Later, his beliefs alter. He meets with someone in secret, commits Thoughtcrime, and even joins a group that works to bring the Party down. Winston’s mindset and actions develop during the course of the novel. Change has the potential to be good or bad, and the odds were not in Winston’s favor.
In “1984,” Orwell uses Winston to portray a single individual’s attempt to take action against a powerful government, culminating in his failure and subjugation. His individual efforts failed tremendously due to the overarching power of the Party to control every aspect of social life in Oceania. Orwell uses Winston’s deeply seated hatred of the Party to portray his views on power and social change. Winston’s actions show that even in the direst of situations ...
O’Brien, the Brotherhood’s leader, turns Winston in and he goes to jail. There he is questioned by O’Brien and tortured, ...
Winston Smith is a thirty-nine year old man who participates in a group of the “outer-party,” which is the lower part of the two classes. Smith works in one of the four main government buildings. This building is called the Ministry of Truth; his job is to rewrite history books so those that read them will not learn what the past used to be like. The occupation Winston is the major factor that allows him to realize that Big Brother is limiting people’s freedom. He keeps these thoughts to himself as secrets because the totalitarian party will not allow those of rebellious thoughts around. The tensions between the two grow throughout the book because the Big Brother becomes very suspicious of Winston. The Big Brother becomes so suspicious of Winston that he sends a person by the name O’Brien, to watch over him. Mr. O’Brien is a member of the “inner party,” which in this book is the upper-class. Winston doesn't know of the trap that Big Brother had set tells O’Brien of his own idea and plans. He tells Winston of a rebellious leader that has been rounding up those that want to go against the totalitarian government. But like the Big Brother had done, he set a trap and O’Brien betrayed Winston. During the story the conflict between Big Brother and Winston climaxes when Winston is caught. He is taken to some sort of bright underground prison type
George Orwell creates a dark, depressing and pessimistic world where the government has full control over the masses in the novel 1984. The protagonist, Winston, is low-level Party member who has grown to resent the society that he lives in. Orwell portrays him as a individual that begins to lose his sanity due to the constrictions of society. There are only two possible outcomes, either he becomes more effectively assimilated or he brings about the change he desires. Winston starts a journey towards his own self-destruction. His first defiant act is the diary where he writes “DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER.” But he goes further by having an affair with Julia, another party member, renting a room over Mr. Carrington’s antique shop where Winston conducts this affair with Julia, and by following O’Brien who claims to have connections with the Brotherhood, the anti-Party movement led my Emmanuel Goldstein. Winston and Julia are both eventually arrested by the Thought Police when Mr. Carrington turns out to be a undercover officer. They both eventually betray each other when O’Brien conducts torture upon them at the Ministry of Love. Orwell conveys the limitations of the individual when it comes to doing something monumental like overthrowing the established hierarchy which is seen through the futility of Winston Smith’s actions that end with his failure instead of the end of Big Brother. Winston’s goal of liberating himself turns out to be hopeless when the people he trusted end up betraying him and how he was arbitrarily manipulated. It can be perceived that Winston was in fact concerned more about his own sanity and physical well-being because he gives into Big Brother after he is tortured and becomes content to live in the society he hated so much. Winston witnesses the weakness within the prole community because of their inability to understand the Party’s workings but he himself embodies weakness by sabotaging himself by associating with all the wrong people and by simply falling into the arms of Big Brother. Orwell created a world where there is no use but to assimilate from Winston’s perspective making his struggle utterly hopeless.
Heroes in literature and history, more often than not, meet tragic ends, unless they were created by Walt Disney. These particular people are often seen as someone who is apart from the masses in morals and attempt to accomplish a higher calling for the common good. The problem with this type of hero is that they are destined for suffering.Two such characters exist in classic literature, Winston Smith of George Orwell’s 1984 and Hamlet of William Shakespeare’s “Hamlet, Prince of Denmark.” Hamlet is the true classic tragic hero, though, because he is of noble birth, possesses high moral standards, completes the task he is given to better the world, and causes tragedy in both his life and the lives of others.
Tired of his constricted life, Winston decides to take part in rebellious acts against the Party and attempts to overthrow the government that rules over him. As one could imagine, Winston’s personality does not conform to the rest of the population, because he possesses original characteristics that make him different. For example, within the first few pages of the novel, Winston wrote down the words “DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER” several times in his journal (Orwell 16). “Big Brother” stands for the leader of the Party who supposedly watches over everybody.
The main character Winston Smith was a very curious and rebelliousness individual. He wondered how and why the gove...
The conflict between Winston and Big Brother starts from the beginning of the novel when Winston begins to keep his secret diary about Big Brother. Winston Smith is a third-nine years old man who is a member of the 'outer-party'--the lower of the two classes. Winston works for the government in one of the four main government buildings called the ministry of Truth where his job is to rewrite history books in order for people not to learn what the past used to be like. Winston's occupation is the major factor which lets him to realize that Big Brother is restricting people's freedom. However, Winston keeps his complains about Big Brother and the party for his own secret because the party will not allow anyone keeping a rebellious thought. The tension between them gets serious when Big Brother becomes suspicious of Winston. Winston is therefore watched by O'Brien, an intelligent execute at the 'Ministry of Truth', who is a member of the 'inner party'--the upper class. Without doubting Big Brother's trap, Winston shares his ideas with O'Brien. O'Brien mentions a gentleman named Emmanuel Goldstein whom he claims to know the leader of the rebels against the party. O'Brien also promises to help winston, and promises him a copy of Goldstein's book. But O'Brien betrays him as Big Brother has planned.
Winston writes, “Down with the Big Brother” (Orwell 19). From the beginning of the novel readers see Winston’s extreme disgust with the government. He expresses the views that no few in the society will. Winston rebels against the government to find meaning in his life. His journey into finding individuality shows his expression of freedom which no one else expressed. As Alex McGuinnis, a professional academic writer part of the Professional Development Collection, discusses the “Allness” language used by Big Brother to control a populous and perpetuate conformity within a society. As McGuinnis states, “Allness thinking is especially dangerous because those who influence our minds most in frequently are the people who are constantly groups using allness” (108). This quotes shows how Big Brother used “Allness” language to control the people in the society. Many times Winston is critical when talking about Big Brother and to show lack of conformity and resistance towards the regime. Tyner continues to show how Winton’s small actions show resistance towards a tyrannical regime. Winston challenges all societal behavior, such as expressing his thoughts in his journal and deciding to have an affair with Julia even though facing punishment by the government. In addition, readers see that “Allness” language is used and taught to younger generations to influence them from early in development. Winston’s change and expressions were miniscule resistance towards the whole society, but it still provides an example of an individual who choices not to conform to societies standards. Orwell express how even though with miniscule resistance towards conformity cannot get rid of it without the help of an entire
Within its walls, they have complete authority to torture the prisoners and make them believe the Party’s dystopian way. Winston is undergoing this torment while facing his “friend” O’Brien whose task is to accomplish loyalty from Winston to the Party. Taking into consideration that Winston is the narrator of the story, his thoughts on the Party are not the ones expected. Winston is a tough case to crack for O’Brien because of his rebellious mentality against the Party. O’Brien is a Party fanatic, working as an inner Party member; his mission is to convert Winston to being sane. Enduring the torture, Winston listens to what O’Brien is saying “You are flaw in the patter, Winston. You are stain that must be wipe out. … When you finally surrender to us, it must be of your own free will” (255). Emotional affliction is the way that O’Brien attempts to discipline Winston; he accomplishes his objective by making Winston confront his fear of rats. He betrays his lover Julia by desiring his suffering to her. This indicates that Winston learns to live the life of the Party. In the end, the war with Eastasia is over, Winston sees Big Brother on the telescreen as the protector of Oceania. This settles Winston’s love towards Big Brother.
In this case, the government has to use severe actions to ensure they will never act in this way again. Winston Smith, is a minor member of the ruling Party and is aware of some of these extreme tactics. Since Winston is not completely brainwashed by the propaganda like all the other citizens, he hates Big Brother passionately. Winston is one of the only who realize that Big Brother is wiping individual identity and is forcing collective identity. He is “conscious of [his] own identity”(40-41) . Winston continues to hold onto the concept of an independent external reality by constantly referring to his own existence. Aware of being watched, Winston still writes “DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER, DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER”(21) in his diary. Winston believes whether he writes in his diary or not, it is all the same because the Thought Police will get him either way. Orwell uses this as a foreshadow for Winston's capture later on in the novel. Fed up with the Party, Winston seeks out a man named O’Brien, who he believes is a member of the ‘Brotherhood’, a group of anti-Party rebels. When Winston is arrested for thought crime by his landlord, Mr.Charrington, who is a member of the Thought Police. Big Brother takes Winston to a dark holding cell, to use their extreme torture strategy to erase any signs of personal identity. Winston's torturer is O’Brien, the man he thought to be apart of the brotherhood. Winston asks
In the beginning of the story, Winston is seen hiding from a telescreen as he writes in a journal. This action in itself is prohibited in order to prevent individual idea from being formed, and besides that, Winston is writing “DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER” repeatedly. The reader is also exposed to Winston’s idea of a separate group of people who internally rebel against the party and introduced to O’Brien, Winston’s coworker, who is
of history. Winston struggles to face the state of Oceania and ultimately loses everything in the end.
By enforcing these simple laws and regulations, the government is able to keep a tight grip on its people, with few ever releasing themselves from its grasp. Winston Smith, on the other hand, seeks to know the truth behind the government, he is constantly questioning everything and repressing all the ideas forced upon him. Winston “seeks truth and sanity, his only resources being the long denied and repressed processes of selfhood” (Feder 398). All identity is gone in this place called Oceania, and for the sake of Big Brother and its continuous control of the people, it will never exist again. In 1984, the absence of identity strips the people of all creativity and diversity, as well as takes away any chance the society has to advance as a people or in the area of technology.
In the beginning, Orwell shows that Winston’s id takes over when he first decides to write in a journal. During his rush of rebellion, Winston’s id unconsciously forces him to write “Down with Big Brother” in his diary. Winston’s suppressed id drives him to act upon his ultimate thought and desire without filtering them through the ego and super ego. Winston’s id for an instant makes him believe that he is outsmarting the Party, however once he realizes what he as done Winston’s ill developed superego begins to kick in and he quickly becomes overwhelmed by the idea that he will be caught. In a Freudian perspective, Winston’s continuous anxiety of getting caught stimulates the id which then further influences him to rebel against Big Brother.