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Criticism of the death of a salesman
Criticism of the death of a salesman
Criticism of the death of a salesman
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Willy is fairly likeable however, he is also equally irritable due to the choices and egotistical confidence he seems to tie himself to in order to cover his deep insecurities. Throughout the play I continuously felt remorse for Willy as a character. He seemed as if he was going insane and trying to relive the ‘good ‘ole days’, when he was a successful man, at the same time. However, his actions with both his prior affair and with the way he spoke about his children not living up to his ‘dream’, perhaps lead up to his suicide. Constantly, Willy would bash Biff due to the way he carried on after flunking. Willy didn’t like Biff’s occupation or the lack of confidence that he once had. Personally, it’s difficult for myself to relate, or even like, …show more content…
Willy. I just feel sorry for him. He keeps relying on his past accomplishments in order to create new ones but, in the play, Willy seems to be the only one living in the past. The Woman, in the “Death of a Salesman”, plays a minor but significant role. In fact, The Woman demonstrates a vast amount of Willy’s true personality, this being that he is not the ‘perfect and amazing’ salesman as he portrays himself for his children. However, the scene that reveals Willy’s adultery affected me in two contrasting ways. Although, I despised Willy’s decision to betray his wife, I also felt pity for him. It was at that moment he confessed that he was “lonely” to The Woman. This demonstrates that Willy was perhaps insecure about his marriage with Linda. Additionally, this confession of loneliness suggests that Willy might not be, at the time, a vastly know salesman like he boasts about to his children. In his son’s younger years, particularly Biff, Willy basically put them on a pedestal. He encouraged them to do great things and filled their heads with ideas and dreams of success. However, these dreams seemed to belong to Willy as he continuously tries to convince others that his sons are very successful, by following in the footsteps of himself. Willy continuously gripes on Biff and himself for not becoming settled and economically sustaining men, like the others that surround Willy. However, Willy’s actions towards his son's primary shows how Willy wanted to live his dream of being successful, through his children, mainly Biff, who inevitably ended up like him. Miller describes expositions, of both settings and characters, within the several flashbacks and hallucinations of Willy.
In fact, one of the first flashback scenes primarily explore the egotistical effect Willy passes onto Biff, as he praises him for his ‘bright future’. Additionally, the flashbacks expose Willy for his true, insecure, and unsuccessful life that he had once originally boasted about towards his children. In fact, the flashback in the diner, with The Woman, showcases Biff's discovery that his father was delusional and that he had never been continuing someone else's dream. Furthermore, the hallucinations, described, demonstrate the primary cause of Willy’s dream of being a successful businessmen. Many of his illusions are of Willy and his dead brother Ben, who was a major success. The basic information is also given ithin these flashbacks. The audience can understand that Biff was a all-star football player with scholarships to three major colleges. It is also described that Biff needs help to not “flunk” a math exam, which introduces Charley’s son, …show more content…
Bernard. Biff, as described by Willy in the beginning, was a fine young man with the ability to make a very successful salesman. However, Biff “became a moody man”. He changed, became a farmhand, and moved around quite a bit. As he stayed with his parents, Willy described his actions, lack of money, and current occupation as disgraceful. Additionally, it's as if Biff had lost a significant amount of his confidence and control over his life. It was as if Willy’s constant appraisal towards Biff, as a young man, turned into criticism and pressure as Biff fell into adulthood without any luck or grasp of success. In contrast, Happy was able to make a successful living, without the appraisal from his father, and without changing anything in his path of life. In the flashbacks, it’s demonstrated that Biff was the ‘special’ son, with his constant recognition from his parents. Happy was underneath Biff’s success, lacking any boost from his father. This is demonstrated when Happy repeatedly asks “I’m losing weight, you notice, Pop,” and is ignored by Willy everytime. However, as Happy grew up with this lack of admiration from his parents, he was able to create a successful living for himself since he didn’t feel the need to conform to his father’s dream. Furthermore, Happy, even if he is very successful, is not providing settlement for his parents Whereas, Biff is constantly “mocked” by his father for not providing settlement for the family. Therefore, it’s as if Happy doesn’t give back to his parents since they never gave him any recognition in his childhood. Willy’s philosophy can be generally described with his statement: “be liked and you will never want.” In technical terms within the business world, this primarily means that if you can build strong and long lasting connections with colleagues that can back you up whenever it is needed, then you will have no trouble in achieving success.
Comparably Willy’s philosophy suggests that someone who “makes an appearance in the business world” is able to get ahead in the competition, perhaps due to the fact that you have more people to rely on in any predicament. Therefore, becoming more successful in life. Overall, these ideas are definitely idealistic in, not just the business world, but in life in general. I mean, we develop friendships within highschool and college, other than to just have a social interaction. It’s to have people behind you, helping you whenever you’re in need. These ideas describe Willy’s connection with his other colleagues, such as Howard, his prior boss. In fact, Willy knew Howard's father, which then allowed him to retain a job, working for
Howard. More than likely, Linda is just trying to make Willy feel better about his current situation. Willy has several insecurities, and has become quite delusional over the years. Linda has probably known for years that Willy has started to become senile. She is just trying to cheer up Willy by saying that his children value him in order to suppress his growing depression and acts of suicide. However, Linda’s words can also be taken ironically, since the two boys do not necessarily idolize or thank Willy for any part of their adulthood. In fact, Willy primarily focused his parenting on Biff, who became unsuccessful in life. Whereas Happy wasn’t supported excessively by Willy, but in the end he became successful. Therefore, it’s as if Happy doesn’t need to thank Willy for his success.
Throughout the play, Willy has hallucinations of his brother Ben, who left Willy when he was young, “Well, I was just a baby, of course, only three or four years old,” (Miller 47), and the man later offered to take Willy with him, but Willy had a dream “There’s a man eighty-four years old-” (Miller 86) and he felt that he was going to accomplish that dream. “Willy retreats into a dream world consisting of his roseate recollections of the past and of fantasies,” (Hadomi), he hallucinates often, and this is a better way of saying he’s delusional. He did not, he failed miserably, he had to borrow money from Charley “If you can manage it-- I need a hundred and ten dollars,” (Miller 96), then he pretended it was a loan from him “I’m keeping an account of everything, remember,” (Miller 96), that he would pay back “I’ll pay every penny back,” (Miller 96), but Linda and Charley knew he was not going to pay any of it back. Willy had a hard time accepting defeat, and he wanted his boys to succeed where he failed, but Biff was always better with physical labor “when all you really desi...
“BIFF [crying, broken]: Will you let me go for Christ’s sake? Will you take that phony dream and burn it before something happens?” By saying this Biff tries to address his family on the giant rift between Willy’s dreams for him and reality. He tries to explain that all he wants is for Willy to let go of those dreams and high standards he has set for him so he can create his own reality rather than fulfill his father's dream. Willy's dreams for Biff were very unrealistic for the reality of his situation,which caused him to fill unsuccessful and push himself away from his father. The reason Willy wanted his children to do so well and had such big dreams for them was because he wasn't able to achieve the dream and had a fear he had failed and so he wanted to force his dream to be fulfilled by his children. Therefore, due to Willy’s wildly unrealistic amount of pride, causing him to make poor decisions, betray his family by having a mistress and finally his unrealistic dreams for his sons, he paved his way towards his failure and his deep fear of isolation and
Willy gets it from all sides; primarily his conflict is with Biff but also Charley, Howard, and Bernard. He is an average man who truly believes he is better than those around him, and that his sons, especially Biff, are greater still, but people, he has very little respect for, are all more successful than he is. Biff starts out like Willy perhaps but comes to the realization that being an average man is okay. Willy never comes to that conclusion; in fact he decides he is more valuable dead than alive.
One problem Willy has is that he does not take responsibility for his actions; this problem only gets worse because of his lies. Biff looks up to Willy, so when he finds out that Willy has an affair in Boston, Biff is petrified. Biff realizes his hero, dad, the one he wants to impress, is a phony and a liar. Willy destroys Biff's dream of playing football by saying he does not have to study for the math regents, he also Willy telling Bernard to give Biff the answers. When Biff fails the regents, he does not want to retake the test because he is so disgusted with his hero and does not want to succeed. Not only did Willy destroy Biff's dream, he also broke his vows and refused to admit it. Biff is a failure, in Willy's eye, in most part due to Willy and what happened in Boston. Willy refuses to take responsibility for what he did, so he lies about Biff. Willy tells Bernard that Biff has been doing great things out west, but decided to come back home to work on a "big deal". Willy knows that Biff is a bum who has not amounted to anything, but he refuses to take responsibility for what happened in Boston, so he changes the story of Biff's success. Throughout Willy's life he continued to lie. It might have stopped if Linda did not act the way as she did. Linda is afraid to confront Willy, so she goes along with his outlandish lies.
At the beginning of the play it is evident that he cannot determine the realities of life, and so he repeatedly contradicts himself to establish that his conclusion is correct and opinion accepted. These numerous contradictions demonstrate that Willy is perturbed of the possibility that negative judgements may come from others. Willy strongly believes that “personality always wins” and tells his sons that they should “be liked and (they) will never want”. In one of Willy’s flashbacks he recalls the time when his sons and him were outside cleaning their Chevy. Willy informs Biff and Happy the success of his business trips and how everyone residing in Boston adores him. He mentions that due to the admiration of people he does not even have to wait in lines. He ultimately teaches his sons that being liked by others is the way to fulfilling one’s life and removing your worries. These ideals, that one does not need to work for success, demonstrate Willy’s deluded belief of achieving a prosperous life from the admiration and acceptance of others. This ultimately proves to be a false ideology during his funeral, when an insufficient amount of people arrive. Willy constantly attempts to obtain other’s acceptance through his false tales that depict him as a strong, successful man. In the past, he attempts to lie to his wife, Linda, about the amount of wealth he has attained during his
"He's a man way out there in the blue, riding on a smile and a shoeshine … A salesman is got to dream, boy."
Willy also has very poor parenting skills. He has two children Biff and Happy. Willy excuses Biff for a lot of events when he was younger. If Biff stole something, Willy just brushes it off and says that is was no big deal. He didn’t even care when Biff failed math and did not graduate from high school. He measured success in how many people you knew not what your grades are. In one breath Willy would say that Biff is lazy and then in the next say he’s not.
Throughout the play, Willy can be seen as a failure. When he looks back on all his past decisions, he can only blame himself for his failures as a father, provider, and as a salesman (Abbotson 43). Slowly, Willy unintentionally reveals to us his moral limitations that frustrates him which hold him back from achieving the good father figure and a successful business man, showing us a sense of failure (Moss 46). For instance, even though Willy wants so badly to be successful, he wants to bring back the love and respect that he has lost from his family, showing us that in the process of wanting to be successful he failed to keep his family in mind (Centola On-line). This can be shown when Willy is talking to Ben and he says, “He’ll call you a coward…and a damned fool” (Miller 100-101). Willy responds in a frightful manner because he doesn’t want his family, es...
Biff was the high school quarterback, a start athlete, and he was popular among his peers in particular the female students. Biff’s athletic supremacy and charismatic personality stood out to Willy and led to his high expectations for of Biff as Willy believed the key to success was “Be liked and you will never want.” During one of Willy’s reminiscence, Biff’s cousin, Bernard, told Willy that if Biff didn’t start studying math he would fail and not graduate. However Willy boastfully replied “With scholarships to three universities they’re gonna flunk him?” Later on Biff, in fact, failed math and did not acquire enough credits to graduate and has since been on his journey from job to job. It is later learned that after learning the he did not have the credits to graduate, Biff went to visit Willy in Boston. Once Biff arrived at Willy’s hotel room he unfortunately found out that his father had been having an affair with another woman. After being subject to such devastating news, Biff made the decision to not pursue earning the final credits to
Biff never kept a steady job during his young adult life, and did not possess a healthy relationship with anyone that was in his life. As the play progresses the reader sees how much Biff becomes more self- aware. An online source states, “Unlike the other members of his family, Biff grows to recognize that he and his family members consistently deceive themselves, and he fights to escape the vicious cycles of lies.” When Biff returns home it becomes a struggle to keep a healthy relationship with his parents. Once Willy and Biff decide together that Biff will go and ask Bill Oliver for a loan is when the differences between the two characters are truly seen. Biff accepts reality for the first time in his life, and realizes how ridiculous it is to ask Bill Oliver for a loan, when he barely knows the man and worked for him about ten years ago. When Biff meets up with Willy after the ‘meeting’ Biff is talking to his Father and says, “Why am I trying to become what I don’t want to be? What am I doing in an office, making a contemptuous, begging fool of myself, when all I want is out there, waiting for me the minute I say I know who I am!” This quote reveals that Biff recently has just experienced an epiphany, and realizes that what he was doing was making no sense. Biff is escaping the self- deception he was caught in with the rest of his
A major part of the reader's animosity towards Willy stems from his responsibility for the ruin of his sons. Willy's affair ends up being the reason that Biff ends up a high-school failure and a football has-been. This blunder both disheartens and destroys his eldest son. It becomes the reason Biff refuses to go to summer school; it becomes the reason that Biff leaves home. Yet, this is all a result of Willy's need to be likeable. He cheats on his doting wife simply because it makes him feel special, because it gives him proof that women other that Linda are interested in him, because it makes him feel well liked. A woman "picked [him]"; a woman laughs when he makes jokes about keeping pores open; a woman pays him some attention (38).
The weird idea that Willy has is that he does not believe that Biff should work hard to achieve this position, but instead use personality and appearance. This strange tactic is seen through a quotation by Willy Loman where he says “Biff Loman is lost. In the greatest country in the world a young man with such personal-attractiveness, gets lost. And such a hard worker. There’s one thing about Biff, he’s not lazy.” (Death). If we just look at Willy himself as a salesman, he is not the best of his kind and he is not as renowned as he says he is. He does not realise he is living a life where he lies to himself to satisfy his needs in term of status. The only one to realise this fact is Biff. Biff thought this whole time he had to listen to his father because he is very successful, until he saw him cheating on his wife. Biff brought a whole new meaning where he understood his father’s life was a lie, so Biff wants to become the person who he wants to be not what his father saw him to be as. Upon realization of the life of lies, Biff ends his father’s American dream.
Willy still struggles to find out why his son, Biff, has not made anything of himself yet. Instead of a stable job, Biff has been a farmhand across the country earning only $35 a week (Act I. Scene I). Willy does not know where he has gone wrong with raising his kids, with his job, and overall with his life (Krutch, 308-309). To find the solutions to the problems driving him insane, Willy looks to his past. While he is day-dreaming he actually talks to himself and makes his family worried about his health and sanity. He daydreams and feels as if he is actually encountering the past once again in his journey. Willy is desperately trying to find out what has gone wrong in his life, why no one responds to him in the positive way that he used to, and why Biff does not have a stable job or a family. Through his trek to finding his mistakes in life, Willy finds r...
Willy's goal throughout life was to climb out of his social class. As a salesman, Willy was a failure and he tried desperately to make his sons never end up like him. As a result, he loses his mind and his grasp on reality. Throughout the story, Willy often has flashbacks of the conversations that he and his brother Ben once had and the author intertwines them in past and present very nicely.
Willy's main flaw is his foolish pride, this it what makes him a tragic hero. Yet there are many facets to his personality that contribute to the state he and the family are in during the play. His upbringing of the boys is one major issue, he raised them with the notion that if one is well-liked, he need not worry about qualifications, he believed that if his boys were popular they would come out on top. Sadly, he doesn't realize that the only way an ordinary person can get rich is through work (represented by Bernard) or through luck and good timing (Ben), and Willy missed the boat when it came to ...