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The study of Gothic literature
The study of Gothic literature
Personal analytical reflection on southern gothic literature
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Southern Gothic Literature
Southern gothic literature is made up of many characteristics that make it different from other type of writing. What makes Southern Gothic literature stand out is that it contains violence, social issues, and Bible pushing.
Most of southern gothic writings are considered to be southern and focus on an emotionally damaged character. It is also “a style of writing practiced by many writers of the American South whose stories set in that region are characterized by grotesque, macabre, or fantastic incidents” (Southern gothic). One of the best southern gothic writers was William Faulkner he was born September 25, 1897 and died July 6, 1962. William lived in New Albany, Mississippi were he began to write poems and soon
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became famous for his Novels. One of the other writers was Flannery O’Connor she was born March 25, 1925 in Savannah Georgia and died August 3, 1964. Faulkner wrote the novel A Rose for Emily in the year 1924, it is a story about a women who has a secret to hide and the novel contains a little hint of horror along with excitement. Flannery is known as one of the greatest fiction writers and sometimes does not consider herself to be a southern gothic writer. She wrote the novels Good Country People and A Good Man is Hard to Find both in the year 1955. “O’Connor’s work usually comes from the South and are concerned with the relationship between the individual and God” (O’Connor, Flannery). Between O’Connor’s two stories they do not have a lot in common, one is completely horrifying while the other is not as scary but has a creepy feel throughout it. “All of the gothic novel presents readers with an opportunity to vicariously experience horrifying realities” (Southern Gothic Literature). What makes A Rose for Emily southern gothic is that it contains a hidden darker side to the main character.
“At first reading, the gothic horror of the tale will likely rule out a heart-lifting experience” (Stranburg). Emily suffers with a mental illness disease throughout the story as she is one of the last members of her family that is still living. When she was a child her father wouldn’t allow her to have social contact. When her father dies he leaves her the house but no money and it sends her into a depressed downward spiral and she refuses to accept his death for three days. "She met the ladies at the door, dressed as usual and with no trace of grief on her face. She told them her father was not dead. She told them that for three days" (Faulkner 3). Emily’s response shows the readers how much she has convinced herself that he’s not dead and how bad mental illness can really be. The neighbors do not see anything wrong with her at this point, they just believe she taking the loss of her father hard. Soon she meets Homer who is in town working on a construction project. Shortly sometime after Emily falls for him and they began dating. Homer decided to leave and then comes back and that is the last time he is seen in the story. Emily is so sick and twisted she is willing to kill the people that she loves most, because the fear of being alone is so haunting to her. After she kills Homer the neighbors start to wonder about the stench coming from her house and start to get …show more content…
suspicious. After some time of knowing they soon kick the door in which had been locked for forty-something years. As much to their surprise Emily was dead in the downstairs bedroom at age seventy-four along with a skeleton of Homer on the bed. A Good Man is Hard to Find is considered to be southern gothic because of the horror that is expressed throughout the novel. Misfit is a deranged psychopathic killer and wants his whole family dead. Anyone who is wanting to kill someone especially their own family has a mental issues. During the novel the grandmother tries to worn her family by telling them where Misfit is going to be and said they should not go there. Soon she realizes she has made a mistake and startles everyone in the car and they wreak. As they are helpless in the wood a passing car stops by and it’s Misfit along with two others. Misfit has his helpers take the other passenger deep into the wood to have them murdered. While the grandmother is afraid of him and has the most sense throughout the novel she knows Misfit can change if he accepts Jesus into his life. “'If you would pray...Jesus would help you'” (O’Connor 11). Misfit refuses the offer and says "I don't want no help, I'm doing all right by myself" (O’Connor 11). At the end of the novel Misfit kills just about everyone including his grandmother, he shot her three times in the chest. His grandmother did what she could to keep her family safe and she loved Misfit endlessly. Misfit stats in the end "It's no real pleasure in life" (O’Connor 13). This quote is significant because it shows Misfit didn’t value his life or the life of others including his own family. “This novel is noted for its extreme authorial detachment, which allows O'Connor to balance the comic and horrible, and for its fresh and authentic detail of local color and dialect, which is a trademark of O'Connor's fiction” (Overview). Good Country People is not as horrific as the other two novels, but is still considered to be southern gothic. The story takes off introduction the main characters one of them is Joy who soon changes her name to Hulga and the others are Mrs. Hopewell and Mrs. Freeman. Mrs. Freeman has been working on the farm for Mrs. Hopewell. Hulga has a wooden leg which she lost in a tragic hunting accident, and she also suffers from a heart condition. With both of her issues she still lives at home so her mother Mrs. Hopewell so she can take care of her and watch over her around the clock. Readers soon learn that Hugle does not believe in God when a Bible seller named Manley comes to the house and tells her how God has been taking care of her. Hulga response is “No, I don’t even believe in God” (O’Connor 13). The two of them decided to go out and because they like each other and see something special in one another. As they walk and talk more about Hulga’s leg and about God they decided to go sit down in an old barn and the story begins to take a creepy turn for the worst. As they are kissing Manly takes away Hulgas glasses and then her wooden leg and refuses to give it back it makes Hulga feel completely vulnerable. After Manley tries to take advantage of her while she is defenseless she questions him on being the good Cristian man that he claims to be. Manley’s response is chilling “I hope you don’t think that I believe in that crap! I may sell Bibles but I know which end is up and I wasn’t born yesterday and I know where I’m going!” (O’Connor 18). He also tells her about what he has taken from other women like her, as if it’s some kind of game to him. Hulga and the readers soon realize that Manly is not a good country person. In conclusion each of these novels are different and similar in certain ways.
In A Rose for Emily the novel is focused mainly on her mental illness and her social issues. The way Emily ignores most of the people in her town is strange and unhuman like, and when she keeps her dead father corps in her house because she doesn’t want to let go is unhealthy. She has also proven to be a sick women by the way she killed her love Homer. In the other novel A Good Man is hard to find it has more violence as Misfit murders his family and more Bible pushing from the grandmother as she tries to change who Misfit is by pushing him to be a better man. The grandmother wants the best for her family and its irritating when they don’t take her advice. In the novel Good Country People in contains a hint of the Bible pushing from Manly as he uses it to convince people that he is a good Godly man. The novel takes a creepy twist we readers find out who Manly really is. He is a smooth talker, a manipulator and uses trust to take advantage of women. The three main characters Emily, Misfit and Manly are all struggling with emotional damage and all have a mental illness that they can’t control. With their characteristics it makes the stories easy to determine if it is southern gothic or not. These three stories contain violence, mental illness, and Bible pushing and those are the characteristics that make these novels southern
gothic.
Southern gothic is a type of literature that focuses on the harsh conflicts of violence and racism, which is observed in the perspective of black and white individuals. Some of the most familiar southern authors are William Faulkner, Flannery O’Connor, and Cormac McCarthy. One author in particular, Flannery O’Connor, is a remarkable author, who directly reflects upon southern grotesque within her two short stories, “A Good Man is Hard to Find” and “Revelation.” These two short stories are very similar to each other, which is why I believe that O’Connor often writes with violent characters to expose real violence in the world while tying them in with a particular spiritual insight.
Heroes and villains, your usual story right? Well Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird is far from it. In this novel Harper Lee uses southern gothic literature to tell the story. Gothic literature is a genre of southern writing. The stories often focus on grotesque themes. While it may include supernatural elements it mainly focuses on damaged, even delusional characters. In her novel Harper Lee utilizes the gothic archetypes of the hero, the monster, and the innocents to portray Maycomb’s crisis of conscience during the trial.
Tennessee Williams described Sothern Gothic literature as a style that captured “the underlying dreadfulness in modern experience” (Hemmerling). The literature intended to reveal the social issues surrounding the time period. Features of this literature, “includes situations and places as well as unsavory characters that are often racist, religious fanatic, egotistical or self-righteous” (Kullmer). This description of Southern Gothic literature also fits other genres of post Civil War American literature. Works by authors such as Mark Twain, Charles Chesnutt, Sui Sin Far, Henry James, Kate Chopin, Zora Neale Hurston and Earnest Hemingway also contain characters, situation, and places revealing similar social controversies displaying racism, sexism, and egotistical behavior.
Now we have examined three stories written by two well distinguished authors known for their Southern Gothic Literature and found many similarities in each story. Each story has its form of the grotesque we have Miss Emily, the Misfit, the Grandmother, and Marley Pointer and let’s not leave out Helga. The characters of each story has some form of cringe inducing quality, meaning some kind of attitude about themselves that gets under ones skin. Then as we can see from the stories they all are Southern based each story is in a Southern setting. And the final thing we look for in Southern Gothic literature is tragedy which all three stories possessed.
William Faulkner’s classic short story, “A Rose for Emily,” has been noted as an excellent example of Southern literature. Southern literature can be defined as literature about the South, written by authors who were reared in the South. Characteristics of southern literature are the importance of family, sense of community, importance of religion, importance of time, of place, and of the past, and use of Southern voice and dialect. Most of the novels are written as a Southerner actually speaks. Many books also describe the historical importance of the Southern town.
The South is tradition, in every aspect of the word: family, profession, and lifestyle. The staple to each tradition in the south, and ultimately masculinity, is to be a southern gentleman. William Faulkner, a man with the most southern of blood running through his veins, was everything but a southern gentleman.
On September 25, 1897 in New Albany, Mississippi, a son was born to Murry Cuthbert and Maud Butler Faulkner. This baby, born into a proud, genteel Southern family, would become a mischievous boy, an indifferent student, and drop out of school; yet “his mother’s faith in him was absolutely unshakable. When so many others easily and confidently pronounced her son a failure, she insisted that he was a genius and that the world would come to recognize that fact” (Zane). And she was right. Her son would become one of the most exalted American writers of the 20th century, winning the Nobel Prize for Literature and two Pulitzers during his lifetime. Her son was William Faulkner.
When her father passed away, it was a devastating loss for Miss Emily. The lines from the story 'She told them her father was not dead. She did that for three days,' (Charter 171) conveys the message that she tried to hold on to him, even after his death. Even though, this was a sad moment for Emily, but she was liberated from the control of her father. Instead of going on with her life, her life halted after death of her father. Miss Emily found love in a guy named Homer Barron, who came as a contractor for paving the sidewalks in town. Miss Emily was seen in buggy on Sunday afternoons with Homer Barron. The whole town thought they would get married. One could know this by the sentences in the story ?She will marry him,? ?She will persuade him yet,? (Charter 173).
Southern Gothic Literature is a subgenre of Gothic fiction writing, which takes place in the American South. The Southern Gothic style is one of that employs the topics such as death, bizarre, violent, madness, and supernatural. These tools are used “to explore social issues and reveal the cultural character of the American South (Wikipedia).” The view of the South which is self-identified as the “national” or “American” view is basically a colonial Romance, with the rest of the nation identified with the forces of the light and the South with the forces of the darkness (Wacker 107).The authors of Southern Gothic typically use damaged characters to make their stories better, and to show deeper meanings of unpleasant Southern characteristics. These characters are diverse from society due to social, physical or mental disabilities. However, not all characteristics of the characters are bad; it is that a mixture of good and bad is found in most of the characters. Two authors who express the Southern Gothic writing style are William Faulkner, who wrote “A Rose for Emily,” and Flanner O Conner, the author of “Good Country People” and “A Good Man is Hard to Find.”
Gothic Literature was a genre of writing created in the 1780's in order to give form to the impulses and fears of all mankind. It relied heavily upon the ideas of good and evil, and every emotion was symbolically externalized, either by nature, physical appearance, or crime, in order to establish a physical structure for the term evil. By the 19th century Romanticism began to appear, and slowly but dramatically changed Gothic literature forever.
At the beginning of the story when her father died, it was mentioned that “[Emily] told [the ladies in town] that her father was not dead. She did that for three days, with the ministers calling on her, and the doctors, trying to persuade her to let them dispose of the body” (626). Faulkner reveals Emily’s dependency on her father through the death of her father. As shown in this part of the story, Emily was very attached to her father and was not able to accept that fact that he was no longer around. She couldn’t let go of the only man that loved her and had been with her for all those years. While this may seem like a normal reaction for any person who has ever lost a loved one, Faulkner emphasizes Emily’s dependence and attachment even further through Homer Barron. After her father’s death, Emily met a man name Homer, whom she fell in love with. While Homer showed interest in Emily at the beginning he became uninterested later on. “Homer himself had remarked—he liked men” (627) which had caused Emily to become devastated and desperate. In order to keep Homer by her side, Emily decided to poison Homer and keep him in a bedroom in her home. It was clear that she was overly attached to Homer and was not able to lose another man that she
Many writing genres have reflected the unique characteristics of American literature throughout the years. Southern Gothic writing is one of said genres, which has stood out and made numerous readers become avid followers and enthusiasts in this writing style. Unlike Roman Gothic literature that focuses on the supernatural, Southern Gothic focuses on the grotesque and sublime found in reality. It concentrates on examining the extremes of the Christian South. By utilizing strange events and eccentric characters, this genre depicts a moody and unsettling depiction of life in the South.
Gothic Literature has been around since the 13th century and was a huge part of literature then as it still is today. When gothic literature came about in was mainly focused on decay, death, and terror. Then later on in the eighteenth-nineteenth century it started to grow more into more of historical, sociological and psychological contexts.
There is one known very influential writing style called Gothic Literature. It is not only considered to involve the horror or gothic element but is combined with romance, superstition, women in distress, omens, portents, vision and supernatural events to name a few (Beesly). The history and beginning of this era is not well known. From a few writers came this writing style that has impacted the world. A famous artists known for this type of writing is a man named Edgar Allan Poe. He wrote many short stories and poems that include horror, gothic, and romance just mentioned.
Born on September 25, 1897 in New Albany, Mississippi, William Faulkner was an American author who made readers understand the Southern life. His parents, Murry and Maud Falkner, named him after his great grandfather, William Clark Faulkner (William Faulkner: Olemiss). Faulkner‘s mother taught him what was right from wrong, to be loyal to one’s family, and the politics of sexuality and race, which would later be written about in some of Faulkner’s works (William Faulkner: Olemiss). Faulkner was a high school dropout and only attended one semester of college at the University of Mississippi, but he was still able to become a well known author (William Faulkner: Olemiss). Faulkner was famous for displaying the South’s culture and the faults in society (William Faulkner: Biography). The famous novelist’s struggles in the early years of his career, his inspiration of his home, and his legacy that impacted are what make William Faulkner one of the most memorable authors in American history.