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Theory of the big bang development
Describe the big bang theory
Describe the big bang theory
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Are the Big Bang Theory and Nebular Hypothesis correct?
Over the years, science has reached new levels of advancement and many scientific laws have been established in order to explain the way our universe functions. Using these laws, many scientists have come up with promising explanations for the formation of the universe and our Solar System. The Big Bang Theory, for example, explains that at one point in time, the entire universe was inside a tiny bubble hotter and denser than anything we could imagine. Suddenly, the bubble exploded and the universe was born. Over time, it began to grow from smaller than a single atom to an entire galaxy, and it is still expanding today. First suggested by physicist and priest Georges Lemaître, it is the
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In fact, to call this concept merely a theory is to underestimate the overwhelming amount of evidence. There is also a hypothesis designed to explain the formation of our Solar System. This idea, proposed by Pierre Simon de Laplace in 1976, is known as the Nebular Hypothesis and states that the material from which the solar system was formed was once a slowly rotating cloud, known as a nebula, of extremely hot gas. The gas cooled and the nebula began to shrink. As the nebula became smaller, it rotated more rapidly, becoming slightly flattened at the poles. A combination of centrifugal force and gravitational force caused rings of gas to be left behind as the nebula shrank. These rings condensed into planets and their satellites, while the remaining part of the nebula formed the sun. While much progress has been made in determining the exact formation of the Universe and Solar System, these two widely accepted …show more content…
According to the Big Bang theory, many of the elements that we see today were created as the universe expanded and cooled down. In the earliest moments after the explosion, there was nothing more than hydrogen compressed into a minute volume of high heat and pressure. The theory suggests that the universe was acting like the core of a star, combining hydrogen into helium and many other elements. This concept has become known as Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, and has been supported by the fact that many astronomers have looked out into the universe, measured the ratios of hydrogen, helium and other trace elements, only to find that they match the ratios they would expect to find if the entire Universe was truthfully once a big
...f gas, which collapsed and broke up into individual stars. The stars are packed together most tightly in the center, or nucleus. Scientists believe it is possible that at the very center there was too much matter to form an ordinary star, or that the stars which did form were so close to each other that they coalesced to form a black hole. It is argued that really massive black holes, equivalent to a hundred million stars like the Sun, could exist at the center of some galaxies
There are numerous mysteries contained within the Cosmos that have yet to fully be analyzed and appreciated. The unique events that transpire within the Universe everyday are unbelievably remarkable and captivating. Hidden within the immense ocean of stars we see every night lays an even more incredible spectacle in the form of Nebulae. The paragraphs that ensue will delve into the creation of Nebulae, and the many intriguing aspects of the most visually appealing amongst these particular phenomena.
There then amassed immeasurably vast and elegant clouds composed principally of the simplest and most adulterously insouciant stable element then, as now – some fourteen billion years later: Hydrogen. These forming and expanding seas of the single proton element circulated within, amongst, and against themselves even as they swirled and eddied in the expanding Creation, carrying in their undertow their less numerous but heavier siblings in the mix.
Solar nebula is a rotating flattened disk of gas and dust in which the outer part of the disk became planets while the center bulge part became the sun. Its inner part is hot, which is heated by a young sun and due to the impact of the gas falling on the disk during its collapse. However, the outer part is cold and far below the freezing point of water. In the solar nebula, the process of condensation occurs after enough cooling of solar nebula and results in the formation into a disk. Condensation is a process of cooling the gas and its molecules stick together to form liquid or solid particles. Therefore, condensation is the change from gas to liquid. In this process, the gas must cool below a critical temperature. Accretion is the process in which the tiny condensed particles from the nebula begin to stick together to form bigger pieces. Solar nebular theory explains the formation of the solar system. In the solar nebula, tiny grains stuck together and created bigger grains that grew into clumps, possibly held together by electrical forces similar to those that make lint stick to your clothes. Subsequent collisions, if not too violent, allowed these smaller particles to grow into objects ranging in size from millimeters to kilometers. These larger objects are called planetesimals. As planetesimals moved within the disk and collide with one another, planets formed. Because astronomers have no direct way to observe how the Solar System formed, they rely heavily on computer simulations to study that remote time. Computer simulations try to solve Newton’s laws of motion for the complex mix of dust and gas that we believe made up the solar nebula. Merging of the planetesimals increased their mass and thus their gravitational attraction. That, in turn, helped them grow even more massive by drawing planetesimals into clumps or rings around the sun. The process of planets building undergoes consumption of most of the planetesimals. Some survived planetesimals form small moons, asteroids, and comets. The leftover Rocky planetesimals that remained between Jupiter and Mars were stirred by Jupiter’s gravitational force. Therefore, these Rocky planetesimals are unable to assemble into a planet. These planetesimals are known as asteroids. Formation of solar system is explained by solar nebular theory. A rotating flat disk with center bulge is the solar nebula. The outer part of the disk becomes planets and the center bulge becomes the sun.
The Big Bang Theory is one of the most important, and most discussed topics in cosmology today. As such, it encompasses several smaller components that attempt to explain what happened in the moments after creation, and how the universe we know today came from such a fiery, chaotic universe in the wake of the Big Bang. One major component of the Big Bang theory is nucleosynthesis. We know that several stellar phenomena (including stellar fusion and various types of super novae) are responsible for the formation of all heavy elements up through Plutonium, however, after the advent of the Big Bang theory, we needed a way to explain what types of matter were created to form the earliest stars.!
In support of his thesis that the universe spawned from nothing, Krauss points towards the big bang theory. The original theory was that everything was static, but Edwin Hubble proved this invalid, that the universe was actually expanding. Using advances in telescopic technology and previous knowledge of the light from stars, he correctly made this assertion. Using the very same scrutiny, Hubble determined that our Milky Way galaxy was not the only one in the universe. Krauss uses this theory to demonstrate that an expanding universe mean...
Our solar system, as we see it today, originally formed from the collapse of a very cold and low-density cloud of gas. The mass of this cloud was composed of 98% hydrogen and helium, 1.4% hydrogen compounds, .4% rock, and .2% metal. The nebula was thought to be a few light years across and was roughly spherical in shape. The cloud was in a state of balance, it was neither contracting or expanding, until a cataclysmic event, most likely a supernova, created a shock wave through the nebula, resulting in an area of higher mass. Once this area became more massive than the rest of the nebula it begin to collapse with the area of hig...
Here are some of the theories that affirm the validity of the big bang. As was written in the previous paragraph, the big bang theory grew out of Einstein’s equations of general relativity in which he related the form in which space is shaped to how matter is spread. And in the big bang theory, the universe (matter, space time, energy) is spread out as a result of an explosion. Do you now see the
The idea behind the Solar Nebular Hypothesis is that the solar system was condensed from an enormous cloud of hydrogen, helium, and a few other elements and rocks. Around five billion years this cloud of materials began to spin and contract together into a disk shape under their own gravitational forces. The particles started combined together, protoplanets, to eventually form planets. A great mass of the material eventually began to form together, protosun, and make up the sun.
We know for certainty that our universe exists, however, being the curious beings we are we want to know how the universe came to be. There are many theories out there that try to explain it. One of the most known and taught of theories is the Big Bang Theory. This theory suggests that 13.7 billion years ago all the matter in the universe came from a singularity (zones which defy the current understanding that we have of physics; they are thought to have infinite density and extreme heat). Unexpectedly, that singularity began to expand and the universe came into being.
The apparent swirling motions “in the heavens were composed of gas or dust condensing into a star” (Wyhe), and debris at the outer edge of the nebulas would end up becoming planets. This hypothesis is used today to represent nebulas as we know
It was proof that the Universe is expanding. It was also the first observational support for a new theory on the origin of the Universe… the Big Bang.” The Big Bang is still a mystery, but it is a crucial part of the creation of the universe and the making of
Astronomers believed the Universe was created about 14 billion years ago. During that time, the entire Universe was inside a bubble that was thousands of times smaller than a pinhead, and it was insanely hot and dense. Out of nowhere this little bubble started expanding. This expansion created what we know as the Universe. In such little time the Universe went from the size of an atom to the ginormous galaxy we have that is continuously growing.
In particular, measurement of the number of normal isotope, which is when each of 2 or more forms of the same element containing equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence separate the atomic mass but not in chemical properties; in particular, a radioactive form of an element, of hydrogen to its heavier isotope known as deuterium, a stable isotope, provides important insight into inside of nucleosynthesis. All other elements heavier than lithium are made by stars experiencing nuclear reactions and during powerful supernova explosions. With a couple of exceptions, we have a small, but better, understanding of how a star is created, as it converts elements into heavier elements. These heavy elements are spread into the Universe by stellar winds and supernova explosions. However, we need to understand just where and when the chemical evolution happens during the lifetime of a typical galaxy, and if our technology is good enough in its current state to predict the observations. Studying radiation due to the decay of the products, nucleosynthesis provides direct info about the synthesis of
The big bang theory is an attempt to explain how the world began. The big bang theory begins with what is called a “singularity.” This term is used to describe an area in space which defies all the known laws of physics. Singularities are thought to exist at the core of black holes. Black holes are areas of intense gravitational pressure. The pressure is thought to be so intense that matter is pressed together into an infinite amount of pressure. The dense hot mass of the singularity slowly expanded. This process is called inflation. As the singularity expanded the universe went from dense and hot to cool and expansive. Inflation is still continuing on today which means that the universe is continually expanding.