Wolbachia essay Wolbachia is a form of bacteria that infects different insects and stops them from spreading disease to their offspring and infecting more people with that disease. For example wolbachia is used to prevent the disease zika from spreading and what they do is that they infect mosquitoes with wolbachia and that stops zika and stops them from infecting people and spreading it. what they are hoping happens is that when mosquitoes mate they will spread wolbachia to their offspring and it will stop the spread of zika. Wolbachia is also known as wolbachia pipientis which is what most people have heard wolbachia be called. Wolbachia is classified under Rickettsiales and it is a multicelled organism. Wolbachia is commonly used to
The seventh major case of Endangered Specie. Specific species of mosquito play host to one phase of various disease organisms they are the cause of major diseases that lead to human compilation. Most people don’t find it wrong to wipe the entire mosquito species in other to prevent human diseases such as sleeping sick, malaria, and human
The population of bats in the United States is facing a serious threat of extinction due to the outbreak of a deadly fungus called Deomyces destructans. The fungus is nicknamed White-Nose Syndrome, after the white fungus that typically appears on the infected bats noses and wings. Other signs and symptoms of White Nose Syndrome are white fungus on the ears and tail as well, bats flying during the day in the middle of winter, bats clustered near the entrance to a hibernacle or cave, and general abnormal behavior for a hibernating bat. Scientifically the fungus has been identified as, Deomyces destructans. The fungus itself causes damage to their connective tissues, muscles, and skin. It also can disrupt many of their physiological processes. Typically during a hibernation period bats will wake up on average every 10 to 20 days. An infected bat on the other hand will wake up every 3 to four days which causes them to burn up their fat stores twice as fast. When they wake up they are both dehydrated and hungry, around 90% of the bats actually die from starvation due to a lack of insects for food in the winter season. WNS is transmitted from bat to bat and that is why any contact between an infected bat from one cave population with a non-infected bat from another population has serious consequences.
on or in a different organism while harming its host. The war in this case
“Plague Prevention and Control.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Department of Health and Human Services. 30 March, 2005. 26 July, 2006. .
Mosquitoes carried the diseases and when a person got bit he would give a disease to the mosquito and the mosquito would pass it on to the next victim ("Historical Overview").
The United States of American is a country that was previously inhabited before the European Anglo-Saxons came across that Atlantic Ocean. It was a nation of independent people, multiple tribes in many places both those who made one place their home year round and others who traveled with the seasons. In the middle of this big island laid a land that belonged to the Osage tribe, and what a mighty tribe it was and still is. In the 17th century the original Osage tribe separated from the Sioux their language almost extinct belongs to the Siouan family, few Osage still speak this native language. This tribe is federally recognized by the United States Government and the majority of the tribal members are located on the Osage Reservation in north-central Oklahoma, but members of this tribe are throughout North America.
This parasite is spread through the bite of sandflies. There are three different types of infections and they each show varying degrees of severity. The cutaneous form produces mild skin ulcers, mucocutaneous produces ulcers in the mouth and nose, and the visceral form of the disease starts with skin ulcers and then fever, low red blood cell count, and an enlarged spleen and liver. The parasite is detected by a microscope and visceral can also be found by doing blood tests. 12 million people are in infected in 98 different countries and 2 million new cases are found every year. The disease also kills around 20 to 50 thousand people a year.
"Special Pathogen Branch." CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Jul 2009. Web. 9 Dec 2011. .
Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDS) are a disease of infectious origin whose incidence in humans has increased within the recent past threatens to increase in the near future. Over 30 new infectious agents have been detected worldwide in the last three decades; 60% of these are of zoonotic origin, and more than 2-3rds of these have originated in the wildlife (Dikid et al., 2013).
Biological warfare can be defined as “living organisms or infected material derived from them, which are used for hostile purposes and intended to cause disease or death in man, animals, and plants, and which depend for their efforts on the ability to multiply in the person, animal, or plant attacked” (Beeching, Dance, Miller, & Spencer, 2002). These agents have a huge impact on agriculture and on human health.
Like ticks, however, disease serves an important purpose. Disease helps to control wildlife populations while weeding out the weaker animals, preventing them from passing on potentially flawed traits. Nature is all about survival of the fittest, and disease helps determine which animals are, in fact, the fittest. Ticks carry Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and tularemia, all of which have a big influence on the health of animal populations within an ecosystem. Without these diseases and the ticks that spread them, an area could find itself overrun with deer, rabbits, mice and other animals who otherwise would have become ill and
Whirling disease is an affliction that can occur in trout, salmon, and whitefish. Whirling disease is the result of an infection by the parasite Myxobolus cerebralis (M. cerebralis). Whirling disease was first documented in Germany and it is known to affect fish in several countries around the world and half of the states in the United States of America. Since the discovery of whirling disease in Colorado, biologists have been working to figure out how to eradicate or reduce the effects of devastation whirling disease causes to the fish in Colorado’s lakes and streams. Researchers are also joining the fight by looking for ways to eradicate the parasite, either during its spore stage or by manipulating the genes of fish to breed populations
Diplopoda is a class, belonging to the subphylum of Arthropoda Myriapoda, consisting of about 10 000 species of animals which have two pairs of legs for each body segment and are often known as Millipedes. Hence the name, they do not have one thousand legs.
The two types of intestinal parasites are helminthes and protozoa. Helminthes are worms with multiple cells. The most common helminthes are tapeworms, pinworms and ringworms. These intestinal parasites may also be transmitted by sexual intercourse and other forms of sexual play. In the helminthes adult form they cannot multiply in the human body. Protozoa have only one cell which multiplies inside the human body which allows for serious infections. Intestinal parasites are usually transmitted when someone comes in contact with infected faeces which are present in contaminated soil, food, or water which is caused by poor hygiene.
Biological pest control is the suppression of pest damage through the action of one or more natural enemies and usually involves an active human role.