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The impact of the new deal in the USA
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Roosevelt’s 1936 Reelection Campaign Analysis
During the 1936 election President Roosevelt used a campaign of logos to convince American citizens to reelect him. Roosevelt uses logos to remind Americans how the conditions in the United States had improved since 1932. In 1932, unemployment had reached 23.6%, businesses had defaulted on a record number of loans, and more than 5,000 banks had failed. However, by 1936 breadlines, homelessness, and bank closures were on their way to being eradicated with the creation of higher wages, low rent homes, and social security which was implemented by Roosevelt through the New Deal.
One detail of logos used in this campaign is the reminder of breadlines. Due to the nations devastating circumstances and unemployment rates, families found themselves incapable of providing the essentials of life. Unable to financially scrape up enough money for their next meal, many found themselves in breadlines and soup kitchens. These lines stretched blocks and were
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filled with desperate civilians struggling to get by. The campaign then uses logos to show how Roosevelt provided relief. Roosevelt nationalized unemployment relief through the Works Progress Administration (WPA). “The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was created to return the unemployed to the work force. The WPA financed a variety of projects such as hospitals, schools, and roads, and employed more than 8.5 million workers who built 650,000 miles of highways and roads, 125,000 public buildings, as well as bridges, reservoirs, irrigation systems, parks, and playgrounds.” (1) These projects provided employment and a source of income which many people desperately needed, not only to provide food, but for obtaining housing. Another striking detail used is the word homeless. This word is used to remind people of the fact that hundreds of thousands of Americans found themselves without homes in the 1930s due to unemployment. Clustered shanty settlements were built close to breadlines and soup kitchens made from whatever materials were available. These settlements were called Hooovervilles, named after Herbert Hoover. “Hoovervilles” began to appear across the country and by the 1930s, hundreds of thousands of people lived in them. Across from the word homeless the words low rent homes, is displayed. The New Deal enacted relief programs aimed towards the homeless during 1933 through 1940. With the help from Homeowners Loan Corporation (HOLC) people were able to keep their homes thanks to the buying properties of properties from banks and the installment of personalized payment plans which people could afford. This gives the viewer factual evidence of how Roosevelt had addressed the issue. Not only did this keeping people in their homes but it also kept banks afloat. The phrase, banks closed, in this campaign was used to remind the public of the factual events that took place just eight years previously.
Events such as the beginning of bank failures in October 1930. Which then led to people panicking and withdrawing money from their accounts. As deposits taken out increased the money supply decreased forcing banks to liquidate assets. This caused the money supply to shrink which led to price deflation and increased pressure on already struggling businesses.
The last and final word used in this logical appeal towards the audience is Social security. One of the most important programs of the New Deal, was the Social Security Act. It established a system of retirement funds, unemployment insurance, and welfare benefits for the handicapped and families without both parent figures. A system which protects people against a variety of risks and is still used today in society. This provided many American citizens with a sense of economic
security. This poetical rhetoric used logos to show the American public how the conditions in the United States had improved from eight years previously. How breadlines, homelessness, and bank closures were on their way to being eradicated with the creation of higher wages, low rent homes, and social security which was implemented by the New Deal. Not only is it a factual persuasive tool to get the public to reelect Roosevelt, it is a reminder of how Roosevelt swiftly acted to find resolutions for these issues and restored a measure of dignity and prosperity to many Americans.
In the Roaring Twenties, people started buying household materials and stocks that they could not pay for in credit. Farmers, textile workers, and miners all got low wages. In 1929, the stock market crashed. All of these events started the Great Depression.
In 1932 and 1924 over in Germany hyperinflation took hold and the country had trouble paying the reparations it had been ordered to pay after world war one. The shortage of cash meant that there was less money to be spent on industrial and farm products. By 1932 most banks in the United States were closed. The slump led to a massive unemployment of 14 million in the United States. In the United States drought and dust storms hit parts of the Midwest and southwest.
The stock market crash of 1929 set in motion a chain of events that would plunge the United States into a deep depression. The Great Depression of the 1930's spelled the end of an era of economic prosperity during the 1920's. Herbert Hoover was the unlucky president to preside over this economic downturn, and he bore the brunt of the blame for the depression. Hoover believed the root cause of the depression was international, and he therefore believed that restoring the gold standard would ultimately drag the United States out of depression by reviving international trade. Hoover initiated many new domestic works programs aimed at creating jobs, but it seemed to have no effect as the unemployment rate continued to rise. The Democrats nominated Franklin Roosevelt as their candidate for president in 1932 against the incumbent Hoover. Roosevelt was elected in a landslide victory in part due to his platform called "The New Deal". This campaign platform was never fully explained by Roosevelt prior to his election, but it appealed to the American people as something new and different from anything Hoover was doing to ameliorate the problem. The Roosevelt administration's response to the Great Depression served to remedy some of the temporary employment problems, while drastically changing the role of the government, but failed to return the American economy to the levels of prosperity enjoyed during the 1920's.
Coming into the 1930’s, the United States underwent a severe economic recession, referred to as the Great Depression. Resulting in high unemployment and poverty rates, deflation, and an unstable economy, the Great Depression considerably hindered American society. In 1932, Franklin Roosevelt was nominated to succeed the spot of presidency, making his main priority to revamp and rebuild the United States, telling American citizens “I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people," (“New” 2). The purpose of the New Deal was to expand the Federal Government, implementing authority over big businesses, the banking system, the stock market, and agricultural production. Through the New Deal, acts were passed to stimulate the
Mortgages had foreclosed and agricultural prices fell by almost one half. Investments collapsed and price in land dropped. The drop lead to land speculation and the expansion of banks and the Second Bank of the United States. Export of agricultural goods and Import of manufactured goods increased. Their was widespread foreclosures and bank failures. All of these events ultimately lead to The Panic of 1819.
In his presidential acceptance speech in 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt addressed to the citizens of the United States, “I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people.” The New Deal, beginning in 1933, was a series of federal programs designed to provide relief, recovery, and reform to the fragile nation. The U.S. had been both economically and psychologically buffeted by the Great Depression. Many citizens looked up to FDR and his New Deal for help. However, there is much skepticism and controversy on whether these work projects significantly abated the dangerously high employment rates and pulled the U.S. out of the Great Depression. The New Deal was a bad deal for America because it only provided opportunities for a few and required too much government spending.
During the 1920’s, America was a prosperous nation going through the “Big Boom” and loving every second of it. However, this fortune didn’t last long, because with the 1930’s came a period of serious economic recession, a period called the Great Depression. By 1933, a quarter of the nation’s workers (about 40 million) were without jobs. The weekly income rate dropped from $24.76 per week in 1929 to $16.65 per week in 1933 (McElvaine, 8). After President Hoover failed to rectify the recession situation, Franklin D. Roosevelt began his term with the hopeful New Deal. In two installments, Roosevelt hoped to relieve short term suffering with the first, and redistribution of money amongst the poor with the second. Throughout these years of the depression, many Americans spoke their minds through pen and paper. Many criticized Hoover’s policies of the early Depression and praised the Roosevelts’ efforts. Each opinion about the causes and solutions of the Great Depression are based upon economic, racial and social standing in America.
Social security was designed to assist constituents during financial hardship. The program insured non-Negroes who needed unemployment compensation, met retirement age requirements, or child welfare prevention programs. Despite its forward objective, critics’ perception of the social security program was depicted as legal thievery. M.A.’s candid retort to the government’s evasive program was simply to rape the pocket’s of the people. M.A. as well as others primarily prepared for retirement or a rainy day from stock returns. Contrarily, the social security program stimulated other economic restructures, which included limited full-time workers. The shift in the economy and Roosevelt’s failed promises created a wedge between the people and the government. For instance, Mrs. OM voices her views of President Roosevelt’s campaign as a misleading trick. She further explained
President Roosevelt rescued America during the gravest crisis since the civil war, the great depression. When Roosevelt assumed the presidency, America was in its third year of depression. No other decline in American history had been so deep unemployment was high and 14 million people were looking for work. (“FDR”) Franklin D. Roosevelt at his inauguration on March 4, 1933, comforted the nation saying,” the only thing we have to fear is fear itself- nameless unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance.”(Meyersohn, 44) He also proclaimed that he was not going to watch while America suffered through the depression. “Action and action now!” he said. (Gilbert, 48) During the first hundred days in office, Mr. Roosevelt asked congress to pass a record amount of new legislation. The president signed off on the emergency banking relief act, which put all the nation’s banks under federal control and provided for their reopening. (Als...
Millions of American citizens were starving. In 1929, the stock market had just crashed, causing the amount of unemployed people to rise by the millions. The Great Depression had just begun. A plan needed to be made as soon as possible to fix this predicament. Fortunately, the newly elected president of 1933, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, came up with a constructed plan to fix the dilemma facing the United States. He called his strategy the New Deal, and it was meant to provide jobs and bring America back to stability. There was a total of two New Deals during the Great Depression, each with their own programs. Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) was later re-elected in 1936. The Great Depression finally ended in
The Social Security Act would give those who were over sixty five years old some type of aid every month and also create jobs for people. This policy also gave those who didn 't work some money so that they could survive more than they could have without money. The results of the New Deal were that people got jobs and money they needed. They were able to get money even if they weren 't working, which helped the people of that time. Despite all this, the New Deal did not end the Depression like it had hoped to do. What it did was show the people what the government was supposed or what they could do for them. As these policies came to light, people started wanting more and more so that they could continue getting jobs or money or whatever else they
Franklin Delano Roosevelt is one of the most significant figures in American History. Roosevelt served in office from March 1933 to April 1945, the longest tenure of any other President in United States history. Within these twelve years, Roosevelt was left to handle the burdensome consequences of the time, including The Great Depression and Germany and Japan’s rise to power, which were far beyond his control. Faced with such difficult situations, Roosevelt has combated these challenges in such a way that has left him as a remarkable figure in American history.
On October 29, 1929, the stock market crashed and the US went through one of its hardest times. This difficult time was known as the great depression and US citizens were facing unemployment, poverty, and hunger. The President during the beginning of this time period (1929-39) was Herbert Hoover (1929-33), his plan was a “hand’s off” policy in which the government wasn’t largely involved in the situation. Hoover raised taxes and had many failed attempts at helping (encouraging the opening of soup kitchens and big businesses to help) but overall, this only allowed the economy to fall even more and US citizens to go through a hard time period. In the 1932 election, Franklin D. Roosevelt (democrat) won by a landslide. When entering his presidency,
The monetary policies that caused the financial crisis were that the Federal bank reserves provided banks with new funds that enabled them to make loans and investments. The process led to increase in money supply which in due course increased the rate of spending (Flores, Leigh & Clements, 2009). Eventually, the increase in spending over and beyond the capacity the economy to produce goods and services led to inflation.
Social Security for the first time provided Americans with unemployment, disability and pensions for old age, which wasn’t there before and thanks to The Great Depression helps out all Americans that need economic relief while taking advantage of Social Security has arguably kept America out of economic chaos (“What is Social Security”?). The Great Depression led us to have a better economic system and changed economic thinking. Laws were passed in order to prevent another depression from happening. Although many years have passed since the Great Depression, things that were seen back then are still being seen today in 2014. High unemployment rates and low income among families forced to need the help of welfare are seen today as they were seen during the time of the Great Depression.