Written Assignment Unit 2 Department of Health Science University of the People HS3810-01 - Health Systems and Structures Hubert Amu (Instructor) September 13, 2024 The National Insurance Model, underpinned by the principle that citizens' value is tied to their employment contributions, emphasizes social insurance mechanisms to provide healthcare coverage. This essay contrasts and compares the implementation of the National Insurance Model in Canada and Ghana. . The Beveridge Model and the National Insurance Model The Beveridge Model, introduced by William Beveridge in his 1942 report, advocates for a healthcare system funded by taxation and provided by the government (Beveridge, 1942). In contrast, the National Insurance Model relies on social …show more content…
Canada's National Insurance Model Canada's healthcare system, often referred to as "medicare," exemplifies the National Insurance Model. Governed primarily by provincial and territorial authorities, the system is funded through general taxation, including personal and corporate taxes, sales taxes, and payroll levies (Health Canada, 2019). The federal government plays a pivotal role in setting national principles through the Canada Health Act of 1984, which enshrines criteria such as universality, portability, accessibility, comprehensiveness, and public administration (Health Canada, 2019). The evolution of Canada's healthcare system reflects a commitment to fairness and equity, with continuous reforms to adapt to changing demographics and healthcare needs. Initially, healthcare was predominantly privately delivered and funded. However, the introduction of universal hospital care in Saskatchewan in 1947 marked the beginning of a shift towards publicly funded …show more content…
Each system relies on social insurance contributions to fund healthcare services, ensuring that citizens are protected against high medical costs. Additionally, both countries have established governing bodies—Canada’s Canada Health Act and Ghana’s National Health Insurance Council—to oversee the implementation and adherence to national healthcare principles. Differences Between Canada and Ghana's Systems The primary difference lies in the socio-economic contexts within which these systems operate. Canada, a high-income country with robust healthcare infrastructure, can effectively implement a centralized National Insurance Model with comprehensive coverage. In contrast, Ghana, as a low-income country with a significant non-formal workforce and rural population, faces challenges in achieving universal coverage and effective implementation. Another key difference is the political
Healthcare Around the World When someone gets sick or injured they expect to receive medical care, whether it be as a public or private practice. We tend to think that most everyone has some type of health insurance to cover the expensive costs of medical care but in reality there are many who cannot afford such. The universal challenge has been how to get medical coverage for everyone around the world, but is this ideal too radical? Each country has its own pros-and-cons with health care plans
In November 1942 Sir William Beveridge, an economist and social reformer from Britain, presented the British parliament with a report that provided “the necessary principles to banish poverty and want from Britain” (Musgrove, 2000). “Beveridge argued for social progression which required a coherent government policy: 'Social insurance fully developed may provide income security; it is an attack upon Want. But Want is one only of five giants on the road of reconstruction and in some ways the easiest