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Critical infrastructure protection plan
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Critical infrastructure is not adequately defended from cyber-attacks. Companies and government agencies are starting to work towards adequate cyber security however, this is no easy process. There are endless numbers of exposures like computer information systems, infrastructures, computer networks, and/or personal computer devices. Decisions must be made to determine which exposure to focus on protecting. Infrastructure attacks Individually-owned devices such as computers, tablets, mobile phones, and gaming systems that connect to the Internet are vulnerable to intrusion. Personal information may be at risk without proper security. Possible targets for attacks could be utilities, emergency services response systems, critical infrastructure,
and or governmental agencies. In order to defend against attackers it is important to know “who and what is on your network through hardware and software asset management automation”. By limiting remote access functions and locking down unused access route a business’s methods may become for stable. To be prepared for responding to attacks “Organizations should develop and exercise contingency plans that allow for the safe operation or shutdown of operational processes in the event that [there is a breach]”. In the emergency management field many large organizations are switching over to digital systems and more technologically focused operations. However, there are procedures written in some agencies that if the systems were to go down, there are specific steps to continue operations and accountability. The extent of the impact of a cyberattack is highly uncertain. The damages and situations caused by the attack will be determined by many factors such as the type of target and size of the incident. If transportation, power, or critical infrastructures were disrupted by large scale cyber incidents it could lead to civil unrest, and depending on the length of time, panic. Some smaller events that could occur due to cyberattacks could be data breach and systems losses. If company securities are compromised information about a company, its employees, and its customers could be at risk. These are just some of the few unpredictable effect that cyberattacks on critical infrastructure could create.
At this juncture, it may be somewhat difficult to accept the proposition that a threat to the telecommunications grid, both wired and wireless, in the United States could potentially be subject to a catastrophic cyber attack. After careful research on the subject, it appears the potentiality of an event of such magnitude, which either disrupts one or the other grids for a long period or destroys either, is both theoretically and realistically impossible. It may be that proponents—those who advance such theories—equate such “doomsday” scenarios as if a cyber attack would or could be of the same magnitude as a conventional or nuclear military strike. Terms such as “cyber Pearl Harbor,” “cyber 9/11” and “cyber Vietnam” have been used to describes potential catastrophic cyber attacks and yet, “Though many have posited notions on what a ‘real’ cyber war would be like, we lack the understanding of how such conflicts will be conducted and evolve.” (Rattray & Healey, 2010, p. 77). Yet, the U.S. government continues to focus on such events, as if the plausibility of small-scale cyber attacks were not as pressing.
Although an act of cyberterrorism has yet to occur, officials and scholars continuously study the possibilities of such an attack. As our physical and virtual worlds continue to intertwine the risk of such an event rapidly increases. Everything from our transportation systems to pharmaceutical manufacturing are computer controlled. The closest the world has come to an act of cyberterrorism was in 2000. Known as the Maroochy Shire case in Queensland, Australia was committed by Vitek Boden. Boden was an engineer for Pacific Paradise, a sewage pumping in Australia. He was able to successful hack into a control system modifying the operations and dumping millions of litres of raw sewage into the local waterways. Boden’s motivation was the only reason the act was not classified as cyberterrorism was his motivation. It was personal rather than political or religious in nature (Sharp Parker, 2009). The only reason this wasn’t the first act of cyberterrorism was motivation. As companies invest in upgrading their technological capabilities, they too need to invest in security structure to protect their systems and the public from threats of terrorism. Our government must also decide how to address public safety in regards to cyberterrorism. On September 11th, 2001 America was reminded how vulnerable we are when it comes to acts of terrorism. The sheer complexity and varying design of attacks often makes it very difficult to create a catch-all defense in fighting terrorism. To improve the disruption of terrorist activities by government agencies in the United States many laws needed to be updated to include the latest areas of electronic communications.
Cyber physical systems are the computers and networks that monitor, interact, and control some physical systems. In modern industrial nations, these systems are commonplace controlling our electrical grid, telecommunication, healthcare, water supply, transportation, manufacturing, and financial institutions. These systems will continue to become more integrated and our society will continue to be more and more dependent on them, this dependency on cyber physical system is what makes them and countries such as the United States a target for
The recent horrific attacks on France highlighted one of the number one threats to Homeland Security, which is the evolving terrorist. The Evolving terrorist threat is of major concern since 9/11 because “its demonstrated and continued interest in advancing plots to attack the United States” (). A major concern in this area for the United States is the propaganda that is used to motivate individuals who have not participated in terrorist activities or traveled to conflict zones, teaching and training them to plot and carry out attacks on civilian populations. Another huge concern to Homeland security is the threat to our cyber-physical infrastructure. “A vast array of interdependent information technology network, systems, services, and resources enable communication, facilitate travel, power our homes, run our economy and provide essential government services” (). The everyday citizen is so reliant on technology and everything in our country is so interconnected that if the cyber-physical infrastructure would to be compromised it would create a devastating chain reaction across the country. The third concern for Homeland Security is the threat of a pandemic. Even though it is noted as being a very low probability, the impact of it happening even once would be very high impact. “Increasing global
people’s lives. Hackers are not only threatening people’s own cyber security and privacy but also the United States’ economy, security and all citizens’ lives. On mid-November 2011, Russian hackers failed to attack a water plant in Illinois (Nakashima).Therefore, the Cybersecurity Act of 2012 was made. The Cybersecurity Act of 2012 is “a bill to enhance the security and resiliency of the cyber and communications infrastructure of the United States” (“S.2015”)The Cybersecurity Act of 2012 was the battle between the national security and personal privacy.In this paper I will lay out three different position people take on the issue about The Cybersecurity Act of 2012 .
What concerns the government of the United States most is the security of the critical infrastructure from the cyber threats. The nation is depending heavily on the technology in most of its critical sectors to keep it up and running. Thus, this makes its more vulnerable to cyber-attacks from outsiders and insiders. Therefore, its protection must be a priority.
What is critical security, what does it focus on comparing with the traditional security studies? While various protests arise with the outbreak of the 2013 NSA scandal, the enthusiasm about political participation has once again raised the public’s attention (Deutsche Welle, 2013). This leads to criticism of social controversies, such as privacy protections that the global political system is facing today. The society is divided in its opinion of whether the government has reached too far to restraining individual’s cyber privacy in practice, for not asking permission and enters searching information for his or her own interest. Others argue that the current circumstance is a reflection of government’s hopeless attempts to conceive an alternative solution for the aftermath of a lax regulation and inefficient policymaking. Overall, various research has shown an occurrence that the task before us is not easy while they are up against all odds.
Cyber security is the designing, creating, using, and repairing most technological and mechanical equipment. This includes programing and creating new technology before it is mass produced in order to insure safety and quality. It also cover the use of programs to protect and fix technological and mechanical equipment from malfunctions, viruses, and hackers. Lastly, cyber security includes the repairing and upkeep of most electronically designed systems. This job is important because most of today’s world is entirely made up of system that need to be protected, maintained, and constantly improved. This jobs needed in order to keep developed countries stable and able to keep developing,
Privacy threats are currently the biggest threat to National Security today. The threats are not only concerning to the government, however. An alarming 92% of Americans are concerned that the power grid may be vulnerable to a cyber-attack (Denholm). Although this is a more recent development to the cyber threats we have experienced, this is not the first time that privacy threats have stepped into the limelight as people are forced to watch their every online move.
National and International Security is a sum of the actions taken by countries and other organizations that can guarantee the safety and well being of their population. It is vital for a nation to pre-emptively discover what issues could affect their security, and take action to prevent any detrimental or harmful events from happening. With the development of technology and the transition into a more technologically savvy society, cyber security has become one of the most prevalent and important economic and national security issues that the United States will come to face.
Unequivocally speaking, the threat of a cyber-attack has become one of the most critical domestic and national security challenges we face as a nation today. Infrastructures supporting government operations are ...
The world is in another cold war, except this time countries are battling for cyber supremacy. Cyberspace is a massive land of ever-changing technology and personal interaction (McGuffin and Mitchell 1). Cyberspace is not only a place where people post pictures and update their profile, but it also plays an enormous role in running a country. Advanced countries use computers to guide their military, keep track of citizens, run their power grids, and hold plans for nuclear devices and nuclear power. Risks to commercial and government concerns are now being noticed and many countries are taking actions to prevent such threats (McGuffin and Mitchell 1).
The outflow "critical infrastructure" implies belonging of physical and PC based frameworks that are central to the base operations of an economy and its government. They consolidate, however are not compelled to, telecommunications, power, sparing cash and record, transportation, water frameworks and emergency organizations, both government and private. Notwithstanding the way that various nation's critical infrastructures have undeniable been physically and reasonably isolated as frameworks that had little acquaintanceship, in any occasion, until 9/11, improvements in information building with consultations performed to upgrade proficiency in these frameworks, infrastructures have been able to be logically motorized and more interlinked.
The Internet and computers are an essential part of today’s society. People are able to communicate internationally, access endless amounts of information, and conduct business through these technologies. With all the great innovations and freedoms that have come from these tools, there are also a number of risks as well. Nations, companies, and individuals are at a risk of having their computers attacked and confidential documents and information being stolen. The Internet and computers are a great asset to our society, but when used incorrectly, they can cause crime, wars, and social problems. This is why computer and network security are essential to protecting users from malicious attacks.
The increase in unpredictable natural disasters events for a decade has led to put the disaster preparedness as a central issue in disaster management. Disaster preparedness reduces the risk of loss lives and injuries and increases a capacity for coping when hazard occurs. Considering the value of the preparatory behavior, governments, local, national and international institutions and non-government organizations made some efforts in promoting disaster preparedness. However, although a number of resources have been expended in an effort to promote behavioural preparedness, a common finding in research on natural disaster is that people fail to take preparation for such disaster events (Paton, 2005; Shaw 2004; Spittal, et.al, 2005; Tierney, 1993; Kenny, 2009; Kapucu, 2008; Coppola and Maloney, 2009). For example, the fact that nearly 91% of Americans live in a moderate to high risk of natural disasters, only 16% take a preparation for natural disaster (Ripley, 2006).