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The immortal life of henrietta lacks thesis
Medieval medicine and modern medicine historians
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The 20th-century was a time period where Western Medicine underwent many triumphs and tragedies. Along with the development of life saving technologies and vaccines, came violation of people’s trust and abuse of professional power. One event that stands out significantly occurred in the mid 20th-century, not only changed Western medicine forever, but affected many other parts of the world, as well. An immortal line of cells was discovered. This meant that these specific cells would never die, could be studied in great detail, and used in various experiments that couldn’t be done with living human beings. These cells were called HeLa and are still referred to as such today, and have been involved in the development of the polio vaccine and other …show more content…
She had been feeling pain during sexual intercourse and even felt inside of herself to see what the pain in her “womb” was. This young woman, named Henrietta Lacks, had never heard of the world cancer and never thought that she might have it. She just knew that something was wrong and painful and eventually sought medical attention. Her doctor recommended her to a specialist at Johns Hopkins, so they could get a better understanding of her problem. Henrietta was not thrilled as she entered the colored ward of the Johns Hopkins where all black people could be treated in this time of segregation. Dr. Howard Jones ended up finding a nickel-sized tumor on the inside of Henrietta’s cervix. Doctors, and even Henrietta, did not seem too concerned with the tumor size and attached radium tube inserts to the tumor, as this was a standard procedure for cancer in the mid …show more content…
In this time period of cell culture work, there had not yet been anyone who had developed an immortal cell line, which could be used over and over throughout various experiments. To Gey’s surprise, and soon to be everyone else’s, Henrietta’s cells multiplied at a rapid rate and never seemed to die if treated properly. Gey and his employees had discovered the first immortal cells in science, but they had no idea the importance of what they were about to introduce to the world. Gey sent out some the original HeLa cells to other scientists across the country to be used in other types of research. He did not charge any money for the distribution of these cells, nor did he try to patent “HeLa cells” or even publish what he had discovered. He was simply a man dedicated to science and one who realized its importance to the future of
The book The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot is the result of years of research done by Skloot on an African American woman with cervical cancer named Henrietta Lacks. Cells from Lacks’ tumor are taken and experimented on without her knowledge. These cells, known as HeLa cells, are the first immortal human cells ever grown. The topic of HeLa cells is at the center of abundant controversial debates. Despite the fact that her cells are regarded as, “one of the most important advancements in the last hundred years” (4), little is actually known about the woman behind the cells. Skloot sets out on a mission to change this fact and share the story of the woman from whom the cells originate and her family as they deal with the effects these cells have on them.
In the book, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, by Rebecca Skloot, the author highlights the scientific advances of HeLa cells, as well as the personal setbacks of Henrietta Lacks’ family. HeLa is a commonly used cell line in laboratories worldwide and is so often referred to as “the cell line that changed modern science”. This line of immortal cells has helped advance science in ways beyond compare. HeLa has allowed cell testing, cell cloning, and the discovery of various vaccines, including the HPV vaccine. While HeLa has done wonders in the medical field, it has caused unrepairable damage among the Lacks family.
Henrietta’s cells were being inaugurated with space travel, infused into rat cells, and even being used to make infertile hens fertile again. However, these are only a few of the many accomplishments that Henrietta’s immortal cells made possible: “The National Cancer Institute was using various cells, including HeLa, to screen more than thirty thousand chemicals and plant extracts, which would yield several of today’s most widely used and effective chemotherapy drugs, including Vincristine and Taxol,”(pg.139). This example of logos from the text again shows just how important these Henrietta’s cells were to the future developments in
All I can say is amazing information of your glorious and late Henrietta Lacks. This incedible women bettered our society in ways no common human could understand at the time because of how complex this matter was and still very much indeed is. I know there is much contraversy with the matter of how scientists achived immortal cells from your late relative, and I do strongly agree with the fact that it was wrong for these researches to take advantage of this incredible women, but I know it is not for me to say nonethless it must be said that even though it was wrong to take Lacks’ cells when she was dying sometimes one must suffer to bring joy to the entire world.
This section is used to demonstrate to the reader the enormous effects of her death to both her family and science. Immediately following Henrietta's death, Dr. Gey is anxious to take as many samples from her body as possible. However, he must first obtain permission from her husband for an autopsy. Henrietta's husband, Day, is tricked into giving permission. He is told the autopsy will provide test results that may help his children in the future. During the autopsy, Gey's assistant Mary Kubicek takes notice to Henrietta's painted toenails and realizes that HeLa cells belong to an actual person. She says, "they came from a live woman" (Skloot 91). A few days after the autopsy, Henrietta's body is sent from Baltimore to Clover. Henrietta is buried a few days later in an unmarked grave alongside her mother in Lacks Town. Her death is swift and little mourning is conducted by the family. By placing this section second, the reader gains insight into Henrietta's family. Her children are treated poorly and her husband is absent most of the time following her death. This section is important in understanding and gaining insight into the people closest to
The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by: Rebecca Skloot has a lot of themes, but one that is most relevant in my opinion is the racial politics of medicine. Throughout the chapters, there were examples of how Henrietta, being African American, prevented her from receiving the same treatment as the white woman sitting right next to her in the waiting room. The story begins with Henrietta going to Johns Hopkins Hospital and asking a physician to check a “knot on her womb.” Skloot describes that Henrietta had been having pain around that area for about a year, and talked about it with her family, but did not do anything until the pains got intolerable. The doctor near her house had checked if she had syphilis, but it came back negative, and he recommended her to go to John Hopkins, a known university hospital that was the only hospital in the area that would treat African American patients during the era of Jim Crow. It was a long commute, but they had no choice. Patient records detail some of her prior history and provide readers with background knowledge: Henrietta was one of ten siblings, having six or seven years of schooling, five children of her own, and a past of declining medical treatments. The odd thing was that she did not follow up on upcoming clinic visits. The tests discovered a purple lump on the cervix about the size of a nickel. Dr. Howard Jones took a sample around the tissue and sent it to the laboratory.
Although she was taken from the world too soon, Henrietta Lacks was a warm hearted woman, and though unbeknownst to her, she would pave the way for the medical field and greatly expand our understanding of one of the nation’s greatest killers; cancer. In 1951 people did not talk about cancer lightly; cancer was a very touchy subject, especially for those who knew they couldn’t receive treatment once they had been diagnosed. When Lacks went to the hospital because of a “knot on her womb” she never thought that it would grow into a full fledge tumor that would end up taking her life. Henrietta lived a simple yet happy life which consisted of working on the farm, loving her husband, and raising children, and she was not going to ruin the lifestyle she knew so well by telling her family that she had cancer; it was just unheard of.
Rebecca Skloot’s novel, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, depicts the violation of medical ethics from the patient and researcher perspectives specifically when race, poverty, and lack of medical education are factors. The novel takes place in the southern United States in 1951. Henrietta Lacks is born in a poor rural town, Clover, but eventually moves to urban Turner Station. She was diagnosed and treated for cervical cancer at Johns Hopkins hospital where cells was unknowingly taken from her and used for scientific research. Rebecca Skloot describes this when she writes, “But first—though no one had told Henrietta that TeLinde was collecting sample or asked she wanted to be a donor—Wharton picked up a sharp knife and shaved two dime-sized pieces of tissue from Henrietta's cervix: one from her tumor, and one from the healthy cervical tissue nearby. Then he placed the samples in a glass dish” (33). The simple act of taking cells, which the physicians did not even think twice about, caused decades
The book The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot, was a nonfiction story about the life of Henrietta Lacks, who died of cervical cancer in 1951. Henrietta did not know that her doctor took a sample of her cancer cells a few months before she died. “Henrietta cells that called HeLa were the first immortal human cells ever grown in a laboratory” (Skloot 22). In fact, the cells from her cervix are the most important advances in medical research. Rebecca was interested to write this story because she was anxious with the story of HeLa cells. When she was in biology class, her professor named Donald Defler gave a lecture about cells. Defler tells the story about Henrietta Lacks and HeLa cells. However, the professor ended his lecture when he said that Henrietta Lacks was a black woman. In this book, Rebecca wants to tell the truth about the story of Henrietta Lacks during her medical process and the rights for Henrietta’s family after she died.
...hole cross animal-human got out to the public, it wasn’t accepted. There was a STRONG pubic negative response. Contamination became a bigger problem and more questions arose from this. George Gey was diagnosed with inoperable pancreatic cancer and died soon after. An article about Gey was published and this was the first attribute to Henrietta. Her real name finally came out! Many investigators and scientists tried to contact the family to learn more information. After a big debate, it was figured that John Hopkins had stolen Henrietta’s cells and owed the family millions of dollars. Many tests had been performed and the cell eventually kept “transforming” over the years. It still replicated thought. BBC made a documentary about Henrietta. Today there are still debates over cell testing and samples from people. HeLa continues to grow today and probably will forever.
HeLa cells were one of the greatest medical inventions that came about for the scientific field and yet the woman behind this medical feat is not fully remembered and honored. Her cells and tissue were taken away from her without consent and more than that, she was exploited for being black and not questioning what the doctor was doing. Her family suffered through countless years of agonizing pain in which they were misinformed about where and what her cells were being used for. Yes, HeLa cells changed the way we view medicine today, but only at the cost of creating one of the greatest controversies of owning ones body.
"A Cell 's Life: The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks." Issues in Science and Technology 26.4 (2010): 87. Academic OneFile. Web. 11 Nov. 2016.
Henrietta Lacks was a poor woman with middle school education have made the greatest medical contributions. Henrietta lacks had made one of the greatest medical contribution because her cells were growing and dividing rapidly. Henrietta Lacks cells were taken from a cervical-cancer biopsy. The HeLa cells (Henrietta Lacks cells) help accomplish amazing things in the medical fields. The HeLa cells had helped accomplish advancement in medicine. The Hela cells that were taken from her tumor when she was undergoing surgery have been accountable of the medical advances. The polio vaccine, chemotherapy, cloning, gene mapping and IVF were the advancement in medicine. These health breakthroughs were possible because of Henrietta Lacks. The scientists
Even though her cells had launched a multimillion-dollar industry that sells human materials, her family never saw any of the profits from the industry. The book connects the dark history of experimentation on African Americans without consent to the birth of race issues on medical research and finally to the court battles over if we have control over our own bodies.
In conclusion, the Henrietta Lacks cells have lived longer outside of her body than actually in it. Henrietta went from a small farm in Virginia with little education, to battling cervical cancer, and going on to change how we look at science in her short life. There are many areas of her life and legacy that I could have gone into today such as race discrimination, moral ethics, and patients’ rights but I have chosen to just give a overview on the facts surrounding her . Today, there is much acclaim for a woman who will never know the impact she had had on science. Her family is aware however and is working to make sure that the world knows about Henrietta Lacks. While her life may have been short her death may have changed the course of science. So again, can your cells change medical history? The answer now should be maybe.