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Benefits of creating inclusive learning and teaching
Benefits of creating inclusive learning and teaching
Benefits of creating inclusive learning and teaching
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1. What is Web Accessibility
Web accessibility means the possibility to use the web and from people with disabilities . More specifically , Web accessibility means that people with disabilities can perceive, understand, navigate and interact with the Web , and that they can contribute in turn content on the Web . Additionally , the Web accessibility also benefits others , such as older people (older people), whose abilities change due to aging .
The Web accessibility encompasses all disabilities that affect access to the Web , such as impaired vision , hearing , speech and physical , cognitive and neurological disabilities . The document " How to use the Web for people with disabilities " (different disabilities affect Web use) describes how different disabilities affect using Web usage scenarios and perilmvanei Web for people with disabilities (scenarios of people with disabilities using the Web) .
Millions of people have disabilities that affect their use of the web . Currently , most websites and most software for the Web (Web software) have accessibility limitations , which make it difficult or impossible to use the Web for people with disabilities . As they become available more accessible sites and software of the Web, people with disabilities can use the Web and contribute to this most effectively .
2 Why Web Accessibility is Important
The Web is a resource that is gaining increasing importance in many aspects of life : education , employment , government, commerce , health care, entertainment , etc. It is important that the Web accessible , to provide equal access and equal opportunities for people with disabilities . An accessible Web can also help people with disabilities to participate more activel...
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...may exclude a segment of the population that stands to gain the most from the internet. Most people do not intend to exclude people with disabilities. As organizations and designers become aware of and implement accessibility, they will ensure that their content can be accessed by a broader population.
4 References
SUBJECT WIKI for Accessibility- [Online] Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accessibility. [Accessed: 18 March 2014]
SUBJECT WIKI for Web accessibility- [Online] Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_accessibility [Accessed: 18 March 2014]
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) [Online] October 2012. Available from: http://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/wcag . [Accessed: 18th march 2014]
Who is Affected by Inaccessibility [Online] Available from:http//oregonstate.edu/accessibility/web [Accessed: 18th march 2014]
Technology may offer a variety of options for students who may struggle with written expression or have learning difficulties or disabilities. Programs can simplify website, such as netTrekker; encourage visual expressions of knowledge, such as PowerPoint or Google Slides. Students can add images, words, recorded audio and videos.
David Crystal along with Deborah Tannen work together to defend the Internet language and the belief of the new language ruining the English language. Baheri states that the Internet has been blamed for illiteracy in children and stupidity in adults, and she disagrees. David Crystal’s research also proves the statement wrong and points to the opposite indicating that the Internet makes people better readers. I think that the Internet helps with reading faster and getting messages through. The Internet also opens us up to different ways of speaking, which helps us keep up with things and always remain
Individuals with disabilities have laws in place to protect them and their rights as Americans. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act “requires public schools to make available to all eligible children with disabilities a free appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment appropriate to their individual needs” (Us department of education, 2011). Schools have resources available to help educators meet the needs of any individual with a disability.
Navigating the internal environment is a challenge for the visually impaired that is typically minimized through familiarization of the internal environment. That is to say, the visually impaired people can learn the way their homes are arranged. However, the issue of navigating the external environment proves to be a challenge because the external environment is not directly under the control of the visually impaired person [2]. It is challenging for the person to take a stroll, access social amenities and go to places of work. When examined on a global scale, most visually impaired people depend on the public transport system and walking to navigate around. Therefore, they depend on sighted assistance to identify the bus number, bus stops and the physical location of the bus. Moreover, challenges of navigation through walking includes barriers, uncovered drains, construction sites and lack of handicap-friendly
Individuals who are deaf or are hearing impaired are faced with many problems in today’s world. There are so many tasks and activities that are done today that deaf or hearing impaired people may have difficulty doing because of there handicap. There handicap used to stop them or inhibit them from doing something that they are interested in or there friends and neighbors would do. However in today there are new and different technologies, that help the deaf and hearing impaired in the activities in which they want to participate in which is hard for them to take part in because of there handicap. Technology is used to help with everyday tasks in the lives of deaf and hearing impaired individuals. With out this new technology which is being invented everyday, deaf and hearing impaired people may be considered to have a handicap which prevents them from certain activities, but this is not the case anymore, now these people just have different obstacles which through the use of technology they are learning to over come. They can do anything that regular normal range of hearing individuals can do, due to the new technology being invented everyday.
On July 26 1990 the American with Disabilities law was enacted This law became the most comprehensive U.S. law addressing the disabled.Society tends to isolate, and segregate individuals with disabilities. The constant discrimination against individuals with disabilities persist. Such critical areas such as; housing,public accommodation,education,communication,and health services.All Existence of unfair and unnecessary discrimination and prejudice will be eliminated. Anyone who denies a person or people an opportunity will compete will be breaking the law. This law enacted that all people with disabilities will be treated the same as everyone else. People with disabilities will not be denied because of their disability. No unnecessary discrimination or prejudice will be taken. This law has made it, so that people with disabilities today can receive tings such as; a house, job, health services,and an education. They do not receive any discrimination in such critical areas such as; housing,public accommodations,education,communication,and health services.
The Americans with Disabilities Act gives civil rights protections to individuals with disabilities similar to those provided to individuals on the basis of race, color, sex, national origin, age, and religion. It guarantees equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities in public accommodations, employment, transportation, State and local government services, and telecommunications.
Usability is a critical portion of web design that one must be ever mindful of when constructing websites. Whether creating a personal web space or building multiple pages for a large corporation, it is the burden of the designer to guarantee people can access that content. According to the United Nations, disabled people compose roughly 10 percent of the world’s population (United Nations, 2010). Many regulations and standards have been set forth to provide disabled people with the same opportunities to access content available on the World Wide Web, as it is most of the World’s population.
“The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibit discrimination on the basis of race, religion, national origin, or gender, but people with disabilities were not included under such protection” (Department of Justice). It was not until 1973 when the Rehabilitation Act came to fruition that people were officially by law protected against discrimination on the basis of either mental or physical disability. The Architectural Barriers Act implemented in 1968 helped people with disabilities have access to buildings and facilities by companies, agencies complying with federal standards for physical accessibility. The Education for All Handicapped Children Act was renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA). This Act allows people with disabilities into public schools and also requires the school to develop (IEP’s) Individualized Education Programs to be developed and fit individualized needs for the student. Another very important piece of legislation is the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) in which “prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in employment, state and local government, public accommodations, commercial facilities, transportation and telecommunications services” (A Brief History, p.1).
Any item, piece of equipment or product system whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customised that is used to increase, maintain or improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities (Cook and Hussey 2002,p.5)
UCI Disabilities Services Center. (2003, February 2). Universal design and web accessibility. Retrieved September 17, 2003, fromhttp://www.disability.uci.edu/other_links/web_accessibility.htm
Aston T. (1990). Empowering visually impaired people to access their environment. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness,45, 247-249.
But how is this achieved? The range of special needs covers a very wide spectrum. It will be necessary therefore to examine how ICT can support the various needs. Standard equipment is often suitable for children with SEN. the settings of the computer can be changes to make it more computer friendly.
In 1991, the World Wide Web was introduced to the world. It was developed by Tim Berners-Lee, a British computer scientist for the European Organization for Nuclear Research (Naughton 58). The company used hypertext markup language (HTML) to link information from computer to computer all throughout the world. It allowed people to jump easily from one computer’s resources to another (Gralla 169). In 1993, web browsers were initiated and it brought overwhelming growth to the internet (Naughton 61).
Computers are now being used to help the blind with a voice synthesizer that tells them what they are typing or what they are trying to see on the screen. According to Palmer (1999),"CCS builds and sells complete handicapped accessible packages, as well as individual products like speech synthesizes voice cards and screen enlargement software. The screen enlargement programs increase type size to aid people who are partially impaired. Those with total blindness use synthesizers both hardware and software versions that read what's on the screen. They work by translating ASCI symbols, the series of code each letter and graphic is assigned into voice transmissions.