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Freedom of speech first constitutional amendment essay
Freedom of speech first constitutional amendment essay
Freedom of speech first constitutional amendment essay
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The Supreme Court lifted a 1996 act banning virtual child pornography. The six to three ruling, led by Justice Anthony Kennedy, says the law violates First Amendment freedom of speech rights guaranteed to every citizen of the United States of America. Although many free speech advocates are shouting victory, many citizens across the country are lamenting over the loss in the fight against child pornography. Child pornography has been present in society for centuries, but has only recently become more accessible through the development of the printing press and subsequently, the technology of the Internet. Until the mid-1990s, "illegal child pornography [had only] involved depictions of actual children engaged in sexually explicit activity" (ACLU), and virtual pornography had never before been an issue. This was before the Internet. The October 1996 Child Pornography Prevention Act was put into place with the purpose of updating then-current child porn and sexual exploitation laws mainly because of on-line transmission and creation of child porn. The Child Pornography Prevention Act of 1996 revised the previous child pornography laws, said the American Civil Liberties Union, by outlawing any "computer-generated depictions of children engaging in sexual conduct," or what is now commonly known as virtual child pornography. Virtual child pornography also includes any images presenting people who appear to be minors or adult bodies superimposed with the faces of children, often making it difficult to tell if the material is of a real child or not. These new forms of child porn were becoming prevalent on the Internet at the time because it was easily accessible and not yet illegal. The act therefore prohibited the possession, transm... ... middle of paper ... ...line. 13 May 2002. http://www.missingkids.com/html/ncmec_default_ec_childporn_laws.html Palmer, Elizabeth A. "Foes of 'Virtual' Child Pornography Seeking a Very Real Remedy After Court Strikes Down Ban." CQ Weekly. 20 April 2002: 1028. Scherer, Ron. "New Vice Squad Troll the Web for Child Porn." Christian Science Monitor. Vol. 19. 17 December 1998: issue 16. Ebsco Information Services. On-line. 13 May 2002. http://search.epnet.com Slade, David C. "'Virtual' Child Porn." World & I. Vol 16. April 2001: issue 4. Ebsco Information Services. On-Line. 7 May 2002. Terence, Jeffrey P. "Justice Kennedy Support 'Good' Child Pornography." Human Events. Vol. 58. 4 April 2002: issue 15. Ebsco Information Services. On-line. 9 May 2002. http://search.epnet.com Wekesser, Carol, et al. Pornography: Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, Inc., 1997.
Ashcroft vs. ACLU, 00-1293, deals with a challenge to the Child Online Protection Act (COPA), which Congress passed in 1998. The law, which is the subject of this essay, attempts to protect minors from exposure to Internet pornography by requiring that commercial adult websites containing "indecent" material that is "harmful to minors" use age-verification mechanisms such as credit cards or adult identification numbers.(Child)
27 Baird, Robert M. and Stuart E Rosenbaum. Pornography - Private Right or Public Menace Pg. 52
In the YouTube video titled “Heroin Dangers – Mayo Clinic” the affects of heroin are explained, it is derived from morphine and is highly addictive. It can be smoked or injected; when it’s injected it can be very dangerous. It enters the brain and then stimulates the brain to release dopamine. The high will last about a thirty minutes on average. The problem is that it also can be contaminated with dangerous substances. There have been deaths in several states because of the contaminants that have been found in heroin. The respiratory system can be slowed down which can cause the heart to stop and can lead to death. After heroin usage there is a very quick spike of dopamine levels, so this is a reinforcement for the user that will cause
The physical and chemical properties make heroin a desirable drug. It is highly addictive and fast acting, which lure users in. The first time one uses the drug it is said to cause disagreeable feelings and nausea. But following further use it causes a sudden rush in your brain, lasting 1 to 2 minutes, that feels as if it is relieving all the tension one has, followed by a calm and relaxed state that can last a few hours (“Heroin in the Brain”, n.d.). These feelings of satisfaction and ease make this drug ...
Perhaps the first problem with the law is that it is completely unnecessary, and its authorship clearly indicates that its authors are unfamiliar with the nature of the internet. Pornography on the internet is accessible, but only to those who go looking for it. Images do not appear unsolicited on the personal computers of internet users, so this law will not do anything at all for the user who does not actively seek pornographic mate...
...ss the body. This brief but intense rush is then followed by a deep, drowsy state of relaxation and contentment that is marked by a clouding of consciousness and by poor concentration and attention. This state lasts two to four hours and then gradually wears off. Some individuals do react negatively to heroin, experiencing only anxiety, nausea, and depression. Additionally some addicts may experience the burning out or detrition of muscles from injection sites intramuscularly (mainlining).
Behavioral signs and symptoms of heroin abuse include lying or other deceptive behavior, avoiding eye contact, loss of motivation and lack of interest, decreasing attention to hygiene and physical appearance, and more. Once a user has become fully addicted to heroin, they will do anything to get their hands on the drug. They don’t care who they get the money from, if they have to beg for it or steal it. Some addicts even lose their family, friends, car, house, and more because of their ...
The use of heroin is increasing in almost every part of the United States. All age groups are all over the drug, including high school and middle school students. What doesn't help is that the availability of heroin has increased as well. New sources and networks of distribution have been reported. The comeback of heroin is not only apparent in the inner cities; it has been making its way to suburban life as well.
Winters, P.A. (Ed.), The death penalty opposing view points (pp. 17-20). San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, Inc.
Lester, D. (1998). The death penalty issues and answers (2nd edition.). Springfield, IL: Library of Congress Cataloging.
Heroin, also known as diamorphine, is an opiate typically used as a recreational drug. Medically it is used to relieve pain and as a form of opioid replacement therapy alongside counseling. Heroin is typically injected, usually into a vein. However, it can also be smoked, snorted or inhaled. Heroin purity has been classified into four grades. Number 4 is the purest form, white powder (salt) to be easily dissolved and injected. Number 3 is “brown sugar” for smoking (base). Number 1 and number 2 are unprocessed raw heroin (salt and/or
Once its in the bloodstream it changes into morphine, and causes a kind of ‘rush’ to the user. The intensity of the drug is caused by the drug entering the brain. During such rush, the user’s skin is a flushed color, their mouth becomes dry, and would have a kind of heavy feeling. Afterwards, the drug causes nausea and vomiting, severe itching, and the user is extremely tired. Many people in the 1960s used such drug to feel the ‘rush’ and would use more than necessary, sometimes to numb certain pains they have. Heroin is also known to have fatal effects; due to it slowing down breathing and clouding the brain. The use can sometimes lead to a coma, and even permanent brain damage. The drug was originally created to stop the addiction of
The first thing that popped up was a website www.timbereinknolls.com it explained that the heroin is the most additive drug out there. The way people usually use this drug is by “injection”. Injection is when they cut their blood stream by wrapping their arm up with a belt or something strong that can be tied around tight. Than they grab a clean needle well it usually clean but they do reuse old one and that how they become sick and catch aids by sharing needles. Than when they have a needle they inject it into the main vain than the drug flows all the way the head. Injection is believed to cause a more intense class of high. People get addicted quicker because it goes through the blood stream.
This world has become immersed in online media from socializing on networking sites to seeking information on search engines. People of all ages have become reliant on online media, but the most engaged users are the younger, more easily impacted generations. Although there are many positive uses for online media, there are many negative uses as well. Unfortunately, it is all too easy for these negative effects to impede upon the perceptions of adolescents. Some countries have been trying to reduce this effect by expelling the inappropriate content of online media ("Influence on Children Media...”). However, in the United States, children are thrown in the waves, expected to stay afloat in this massive sea, but many are being dragged under the surface by the nefarious temptations media creates. Content that is not appropriate for the young, growing minds of children are easily accessible; a myriad of devices may be used to access this material, all at the click of a button. Without adult content filters on online media, adolescents of various ages are exposed to dangerous conceptions. A world of pornography, violence, and public humiliation lay in the user’s fingertips.
Alexander, Mark C. "The First Amendment and Problems of Political Viability: The Case of Internet Pornography" Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy. v.21 no3 p. 977-1030, 2002