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Water pollution causes and effect
Water pollution causes and effect
Water pollution environmental effects
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Water quality is measured by several factors, such as the concentration of dissolved oxygen, the pH level in the water, the salinity of the water or salt content in the water, the temperature of the water and its turbidity or the ability to see through the waters surface, there are also other contaminants that may affect water quality.
Dissolved oxygen (D.O) is an important variable in the water quality of fresh water ponds as it is vital for aquatic life such as fish to survive in the environment. D.O is the quantity of oxygen that has been dissolved into the water. Oxygen levels in ponds systems depend on the amount of aquatic vegetation and number of aquatic animals in the pond. The D.O readings will increase if there is a large number
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Fish and crayfish also depend on the temperature of the water, as they are ectotherms, which mean that heat is obtained from their external environment. Therefore the animal’s body temperature will usually be the same as that of the surrounding water. Temperature therefore has a direct effect on important factors in an organisms system such as growth, oxygen demand, food requirements and food transformation efficiency. Optimum temperature conditions will depend on the species of organism, but is the temperature conditions are to high or to low it could result in death for many species. Another factor that affects fish is pH. The pH is a range from 0 to 14 with a pH of 7 being neutral. A pH below 7 is acidic and a pH of above 7 is basic. An optimal pH range is between 6.5 and 9 however this will alter slightly depending on the species living in the area. pH will vary depending on a number of factors such as the number of aquatic life within the pond, the carbon dioxide they produce will have an acidic reaction in the water. The pH in ponds will therefore become more basic during during the day as phytoplankton and other aquatic plants removing the carbon dioxide from the water through
The procedures for this experiment are those that are referred to in Duncan and Townsend, 1996 p9-7. In our experiment however, each student group chose a temperature of either 5 C, 10 C, 15 C, or 20 C. Each group selected a crayfish, and placed it in an erlenmeyer flask filled with distilled water. The flask’s O2 levels had already been measured. the flask was then placed in a water bath of the selected temperature for thirty minutes, and then the O2 levels were measured again.
During the summers the oxygen content atop the water normally has a salinity level consistent with “more than 8 milligrams per liter”; but when oxygen content drops down to “less than 2 milligrams per liter” the water is then known to be in hypoxic state (CENR, 2000; USGS, 2006). Hypoxia is the result of oxygen levels decreasing to the point where aquatic organisms can no longer survive in the water column. Organisms such as fish, shrimps, and crabs are capable to evacuate the area but the fauna that cannot move either become stress and/or die. Due to this, many call the hypoxia zone the “dead zone” (Overview, 2008; USGS, 2006).
One including, turbidity. This is when the water appears cloudy or almost muddy due to a variety of particles suspended in the water. One main cause of this is types of fish that search the bottom for food by stirring up the soil. Turbid water makes for not a lot of vegetation in the water which makes it that much easier for particles to be brought to the top. Another thing to watch out for is algae blooms. Algae is at its prime in water that is rich in nutrients, which is exactly what a storm water pond is between all the runoff that comes from maintained lawns and areas where there is animal waste. However, when algae become too prominent it blocks sunlight from reaching the bottom of the pond which stunts the growth of any kind of plant life. Plant life is one of the beneficial parts of a pond ecosystem. Algae bloom can also effect oxygen levels in a storm water pond. While storm water ponds are not known for their wide variety of aquatic life, it only goes down when instances like these
The study used a variety of species of fish, crab, shrimp, lobster, and other crustaceans known to live on the bottom waters of the Long Island Sound were exposed to low levels of oxygen in the laboratory. The effect of different concentration of oxygen on growth and survival was measured.
many ways to get water. You can buy water bottles from a store or get tap water from your
Living in a world that is roughly 70% water, and all living creatures found on this planet depend on this resource whether directly or indirectly, making water quality an important topic and vital to sustain our world of cycles. “Determination of status of water quality of a river or any other water sources is highly indeterminate. It is necessary to have a competent model to predict the status of water quality and to advice for type of water treatment for meeting different demands.” (Bai V, 2009) With most of our water on this planet made of salt water and our constant damage towards the remaining water that can be consumed by humans is diminishing with improper distribution on a global scale. If our greed comes before companionship, and our quality of life is more important than pollution, then our future generations to come will be born into a world of chaos, and a scarce of a basic human necessity.
During this experiment, there were three pH levels tested: consisting of 5, 7, and 9. The hypothesis was if the pH was closer to neutral or seven, then more of the brine shrimp eggs would hatch. This hypothesis was proven to be correct. The trials with a pH of 5 had no hatched eggs after 24 hours. The pH of 7 had results of 42, 234, and 150 - averaging to 142. The results of the pH 9 were significantly lower with 34, 115, and 81, with an average of 76. The more acidic solution was not a suitable environment for the brine shrimp, and they were not expected to hatch. This means that the ocean’s and lake’s pH levels needs to be controlled. Acidity levels that are too high could eventually kill ghe wildlife. The 7 pH is equal to a neutral alkalinity level; therefore, it was expected to have the highest amount of eggs hatch. According to brine shrimp hatching guides, they hatch best in neutral environments. The 9 pH definitely had fewer
Water salinity up to about 5‰ is tolerable by common carp. However, based on the occurrence of common carp in in brackish-water estuaries, backwaters, and bays, there are some reports on the common carp living in brackish-water marshes with salinities up to 14 ppt in southern France and on capturing common carp in waters with salinities as high as 17.6 ppt. in USA. Even the best growth of common carp is obtained when water temperature ranges between 23 °C and 30 °C, fish can withstand higher water temperatures and can survive cold winter periods.
Clean Water: “An under-appreciated liquid to Survive” Water is pure and transparent liquid that is vital for all humans, plants and animals on the planet. In the United States, people have access to clean drinking water and clean sanitation systems, not like in other parts of the world where clean, safe drinking water is getting scarce. A lot of people don’t have access to it, and many regions are suffering severe drought. Yet, when humans take it for granted, they don’t appreciate that a reliable, clean supply of water is essential to human health, economy and agricultural prosperity. Having clean and safe potable water is a right, and not a privilege.
Water is one of the most essential non-renewable natural resources on the Earth. Technically, an un-hydrated human being can live no more than three days. In the United States, people consume water mainly from tap water and bottle water. However, the consumption between these two sources is not even but lean to one side heavily. According to the Natural Resources Defense Council, people consume from 240 to over 10000 times more per gallon for bottled water than they usually do for tap water. (NRDC) In addition, according to a survey from US National Library of Medicines, only 17% of the participants prefer to drink tap water exclusively.(US National Library) Compared to the bottled water which is shining like a superstar, tap water is like a diligent worker in the shade, unpopular but useful. The extremely unbalance of bottled water consumption implies that a commonly hold conception exists: bottle water is superior to tap water. In fact, scientific evidence proves that tap water is nothing different than bottle water. More importantly, the excessive consumption of bottled water is an irrational use of resources and creates severe environmental issues.
The parameters of water quality are determined by how the water is going to be used. “Most of the parameters affirmed are focused on treating it for human consumption, industrial use and environment. The main water quality parameters that are measured in natural water are
There are many types of pollution. The main types of pollution are water, air, soil, thermal, radioactive, noise, and light. The topic for this experiment is Water Pollution. Water Pollution became a problem in the 1900’s when water started being treated like sewage. Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson on April 22, 1970 because of 1900’s pollution. Water Pollution also affects humans and animals. There was a Cholera outbreak in 1854, before water pollution became a problem, and a Typhoid outbreak in New York from 1900 to 1915. There are multiple possible causes to Water Pollution. Humans let out chemicals into the environment, and when some of those chemicals
Wastewater is the combination of water-carried or liquid wastes starting in the sanitary conveniences of dwellings, industrial or commercial facilities. In addition to this, surface water, groundwater and storm water may also be present. It is any water that has been badly affected in quality by anthropogenic influence. It contains waste from residential, industrial and commercial processes. Municipal water contains industrial wastewater, sewage and gray water. Gray water is the water from sinks and showers. Large industries also produce wastewater.
Less than 1% of the water supply on earth can be used as drinking water.
Water pollution is something that can be prevented; it is important to be aware of the causes of water pollution to keep the environment safe and clean for the many generations to come. Domestic households and industrial and agricultural practices often produce wastewater that can cause rivers and lakes to become polluted. This is typically called sewage and wastewater pollution. Sewage is a term for wastewater that usually contains feces, urine, and laundry waste. With there being billions of people on earth, treating sewage is a big priority.