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Psychology and literature essay
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Utopia is a word many learn in middle school, but it never seems to pertain to life. That was not the case for B. F. Skinner. Known for his psychology as well as his writing skills, he captivated many with his novel Walden Two. The book follows Professor Burris as he journeys to a utopian society and evaluates the living conditions. He attempts to draw his own conclusions, and see the society for what it truly is not just be caught up in the bliss. Often behind progressive societies are destructive ideals. The book begins with two men, Roger and Steve Jamnik, arrive at Professor Burris’s house unannounced. Before arriving the men were fighting in World War 2, one of them was a student of Burris’s. The men discussed with Burris an idea of a utopian society and how they desire one. Roger mentions an article he read by T.E. Frazier. Burris recognizes the name immediately as Frazier is an old friend of his. The men send a letter to Frazier after learning he resides at “Walden two” a utopian society. Frazier responds quickly, inviting them to come for a visit. They gather a group and set out for Walden Two. Upon their arrival they rest, then begin to tour the community. Frazier proudly displays the societal changes they have made, including all communal living and the elimination of crowds. Another new concept was Labor credits, …show more content…
Some stay, others brush off the ideals behind the community. Burris continues talking to Frazier as he admits he sees himself as a failure, even though he created Walden Two. He seems bored, ready for a new project. Frazier sees himself as the god of Walden Two. Burris disagrees but chooses to avoid an argument. The time for them to leave comes and Burris boards the train to head out. Other members returning to civilization rant about Walden Two’s shortcomings. However, as soon as Burris arrives home he comes to the conclusion that he is going back to Walden Two and he begins walking
Christopher Johnson McCandless was not justified for shunning society and social norms in favor of individualism. McCandless misinterpreted “Walden”, was crazy to shun society, misunderstood “Self Reliance”, and committed actions that contradicted themselves. McCandless was misguided, insane, and had no idea what he was trying to accomplish because he got two simple things like solitude and isolation mixed up.
In this passage from the famous text Walden, the author Henry David Thoreau, a naturalist and transcendentalist, gives an account of his experience while living in isolation at Walden pond for two years of his life. While in isolation, he sought to enjoy life away from the hustle and bustle of society and live more simplistically without concern of the small things in life.
Perhaps that was what Thoreau wanted- a timeless novel that could carry the message of straying away from materialism and working towards simplistic self-progression through generations of novels. If that was Thoreau’s goal, then he succeeded. Walden is one of the most influential and well-known novels, even in the modern 20th century, and his message is one that many people today need to hear.
With beautiful mornings, stunning scenery, and revelry in the simple and exotic banalities of life, Walden is an experience in living. Thoreau's purpose for writing Walden is clearly stated: "As I have said, I do not propose to write an ode to dejection, but to brag as lustily as chanticleer in the morning, standing on his roost, if only to wake my neighbors up" (Thoreau 168). Its purpose is to help us to realize what we are missing in our everyday existence, and rise to our potential. Walden provides an ideal for true and simple living that can be juxtaposed against Willy's artificial and common city life. This contrasting pedagogy is immediately apparent in the settings of the books. Both stories occur in New England, yet in drastically different localities. Walden Pond is a sheltered, wooded chunk of paradise where a philosopher can do his business. Willy's Brooklyn, with its growing population, seems to tighten a choke hold on him as his dreams evaporate. When Willy started raising his family, their spacious home and garden was on the edge of a city full of opportunities, yet as his crisis approached he found that his city was crushing him. The gradual change is a reflection of Willy's choices and their effects.
When thinking about the transcendental period and/or about individuals reaching out and submerging themselves in nature, Henry David Thoreau and his book, Walden, are the first things that come to mind. Unknown to many, there are plenty of people who have braved the environment and called it their home during the past twenty years, for example: Chris McCandless and Richard Proenneke. Before diving into who the “modern Thoreaus” are, one must venture back and explore the footprint created by Henry Thoreau.
Have you ever woke up in the morning and asked yourself, “Why am I living this life?” Throughout the book of Walden, Henry David Thoreau questions the lifestyles that people choose; he makes his readers wonder if they have chosen the kind of lifestyle that give them the greatest amount of happiness. Thoreau stated, “Most men, even in this comparatively free country, through mere ignorance and mistake, are so occupied with the factitious cares and superfluously coarse labors of life that its finer fruits cannot be plucked by them().” This quote is important because most of society these days are so caught up in work and trying to make ends meet that they lose the values in life. Thoreau was forced to change his life when he found himself unhappy after a purchase for a farm fell through. On Thoreau’s journey he moves to Walden and builds a house and life from nothing but hard work, symbolizes many different objects.
The Utopia Reader defines the word utopia as “a nonexistent society described in detail and normally located in time and space.” (p.1) I would best define utopia as a fictional dream- paradise land where everything is peaceful, perfect and all runs smoothly. There is no crime disease, or pain. People are happy, kind and fair and have each other’s best
During the mid 19th century, when Walden was written and published, our large, young nation was filled with forward seeking people. As the nation grew, borders expand and thousand are looking west to build better lives for their families. Our nation was just in between the American Revolution and World War 1. Our nation slowly developed from an agricultural and rural society to industrial. The country had grown with the addition
That was the reason he left to reconnect. Although he was satisfied with the decision and Nature, his companion always by his side, he does receive visitors. He states that “visitors have been there and left their cards, either a bunch of flowers, or a wreath of evergreen, or a name in pencil on a yellow walnut leaf or a chip.” this unfortunately triggers Thoreau for although they came to visit him the garbage they leave behind suggests that they don't really respect Nature as much as he does saying that “They who come rarely to the woods take some little piece of the forest into their hands to play with by the way, which they leave, either intentionally or accidentally.” supporting the fact that minds don't think
During the 1800’s, there was not that many electronics and also the technology was not even that advanced as it is now in today’s world. Most people back then spent a lot of time outside anyways. Therefore, Thoreau living near the Walden pond for two years, two months, and two days was very easy in my opinion. It is very unrealistic to live this way now because technology is so advanced. Everything can literally be done by an instant touch or click in just a few seconds. No one would even try to live that way, unless it is for something like camping or
In my English class last year, I read Thoreau’s Walden along with Civil Disobedience. As these readings were merely an assignment, at first, I did not take them to heart. Nevertheless, by the time I had finished these
Burrhus Frederic Skinner was born in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania in 1904. He attended a small liberal arts college in New York called Hamilton College, and moved back home after school with the hopes of becoming an established writer. However, after making little progress in the field, he chose to attend graduate school in psychology at Harvard University. He completed his dissertation in 1931 and began doing research as well as teaching in Minnesota and Indiana. He eventually went back to teach at Harvard in 1948, where he remained until his death in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1990.
Imagine yourself in a place without electricity or modern technology. A place where you are alone, with only Mother Nature’s gift of animal and plant life for you to strive off of. Where it is necessary to be innovative with the tools you create so that you may survive in such uncharted territory. True, secluded wilderness is the only space on earth where this is possible. Lush, green forests, where the birds chirp and rivers flow blue, are the only places with no distractions of today’s society. Where everyone doesn’t live through the motions of one life, but where you can be true with yourself and learn what it means to be human. This is Thoreau’s point of view in Walden. He believes in nature’s simplicity, that man can survive alone in the wilderness by
In his mind he practices buying land and what he would say to the current land owners. He believed that wherever he sat could be his home, his “sedes”. He intentionally makes this point in order to create the picture of the home as a seed, growing out of the ground. He continues to say that the only home he ever really had was when he bought the Hollowell Place. Over the years, Thoreau had taken many voyages up the river to view the house in all of its glory. To paint a picture of the land, Thoreau says, “the house was concealed behind a dense grove of red maples though which I headed the house-dog bark,” (Walden,1997). This image conveys the livelihood of the farm which is destroyed by the farmer who owned the farm before Thoreau. At the point when Thoreau wishes to buy the farm it had changed greatly, become grey and broken down. There were no longer trees, or rabbits eating vegetation in the spring. For Thoreau’s purposes, it is dead. Thoreau sees the farmers, “improvements”, the “getting out some rocks, cutting down the hollow apple trees, and grubbing up some young birches which had sprung up in the pasture,” as detriments (Walden, 1997). Thoreau wanted to buy the property so the farmer couldn’t ruin it any further. He believes that by planting his “sedes” there, he can make the land grow again. He says that he isn’t afraid to let nature be nature. He presents the dichotic images of the poet and the farmer. The poet can look at the land and, “put his farm in rhyme, the most admirable kind of invisible fence, has fairly impounded it, milked it, skimmed it and got all the cream, and left the farmer only the skimmed milk,” (1997). The poet takes in all of the beauty of the land and can walk away with it, whereas the farmer, who cannot see the beauty of the land is left with only a crop of a few apples, bound to be
Henry David Thoreau, an American philosopher, transcendentalist, and abolitionist, was in many regards well ahead of his time. Few of his works highlights his genius as well as Walden, or Life in the woods. Thoreau writes Walden for himself hoping readers will come to similar conclusions when given Thoreau's personal experiences to think about. This is unlike a preacher telling others how to live, for Thoreau is not preaching, but simply observing. Thoreau’s Walden argues against the barbaric structure of American society, a society that pursues an illusion of progress through exploiting Indians, Africans, and the poor; while he cannot himself end slavery or subjugation Thoreau instead offers self reliance, and living on less, as solutions