Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
The evolution of women in the military
The evolution of women in the military
Women in the military topic
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: The evolution of women in the military
Visible diversity includes; race, age, and gender. Non-visible diversity includes; individual variations in educational level, socioeconomic background, and personality (Griffith, & Dunham, 2015).Visible DiversityRace – Racial/ ethnic inclusion in the military is an example during the civil war. Racial minorities have volunteered or have been drafted for service since the time of the American Revolution, however, the military was a racially segregated institution until the mid-20th century. Under the widely accepted “separate but equal” philosophy of the time, these segregation policies were not considered to be unjust by many senior military and government officials. The recruitment of racial minorities into the service through most 1800s …show more content…
et al., 2016).Gender- Another visible diversity is gender in the military. Women have played a role in supporting and serving in the U.S Armed Forces since the revolutionary war. However, laws and policies about how many women may serve, their authorized benefits, and types of assignment, have changed over the history of women’s service. Women are prohibited from serving in many occupations by statute and policies, especially those occupation related to combat arms specialties (Kamarck, K. N. 2017). Before world war II, traditional attitude towards women’s role in society and the military as a masculine organization were prevalent and thus there was little public interest in permanently integrating females into other occupation in the Armed Forces (Kamarck, K. N. 2017). Non-visible diversityIndividual variation in educational level: variations in educational level within a team is a functional aspect that is combined for a team to be productive. Within a team, individuals have different educational level which correlates with leadership among the team
The military is trying to find new ways to recognize the fact that women now fight in the country’s wars. In 2011 the Military Leadership Diversity Commission recommended that the Department of Defense remove all combat restrictions on women. Although many jobs have been opened for women in the military, there is still 7.3 percent of jobs that are closed to them. On February 9, 2012, George Little announced that the Department of Defense would continue to reduce the restrictions that were put on women’s roles. The argument that “women are not physically fit for combat” is the most common and well-researched justification for their exclusion from fighting units. It has been proven if women go through proper training and necessary adaptations, they can complete the same physical tasks as any man. Though there seem to be many reasons from the exclusion of women in the military, the main ones have appeared to be that they do not have the strength to go through combat, would be a distraction to the men, and that they would interrupt male bonding and group
The purpose of Carol Cohn’s article “Women in War” is to explain why women have been kept out of the subject of war although they have played many vital roles. Cohn argues, that because of the gender coding of characteristics, institutions such as the military have been established in such a way that not only rejects characteristics of femininity but also preserves masculinity. Cohn employs logic, fact and the reasoning of experts in their own respective fields to answer why there is such a separation between the military and women.
The United States Army consists of soldiers from many diverse cultures. Citizenship is not a requirement to join the Army, so people enlist from across the United States as well as from many countries around the world. The Army has its own unique culture that is a conglomeration of the many cultures that make up its population. Each new soldier is expected to adapt to this new culture and integrate as a member of a larger team. Helping new soldiers make this adaptation as quickly as possible and with few difficulties is a challenge for the leaders of new soldiers throughout the Army.
In 1973, women began to grow in numbers in the All-Volunteer Force implemented under President Nixon. “In February 1988, Department of Defense (DoD) codified the Combat Exclusion Policy by adopting the ‘Risk Rule’”, (the DoD Combat Exclusion Policy) pg. 21, 22. The change of the feminine role in the civilian population has forced a review of their presence in the Armed Forces. These roles reviewed after the onset of the Exclusion Law in “1967 when the statutory strengths and grade limitations were lifted” (…GOA, pg 4) as well as in 1978 when positions available to women were expanded (…GOA). In 1992 and 1993 when the “Defense Authorization Acts were implemented, congress revoked the prohibition of women’s assignments to combat aircraft… and in January 1994 the ‘Risk Rule’ was rescinded” (the DoD Combat Exclusion Policy) pg 22. With the 1994 change in the “Risk Rule”, assignments were available for females in all services to participate in all available positions. Exceptions of “assignments to units below the brigade level whose primary mission is direct ground combat” (the DoD Combat Exclusion Policy) pg 22(ibid) were put in place.
"Update: Women in the Military." Issues and Controversies. Facts On File News Services, 29 May 2007. Web.
Many women joined the armed forces in order for the men to launch into combat. They women served as nurses, typists, clerks and mail sorters. Ther...
When it comes to combat assignments and the needs of the military, men take precedence over all other considerations, including career prospects of female service members. Female military members have been encouraged to pursue opportunities and career enhancement within the armed forces, which limit them only to the needs and good of the service due to women being not as “similarly situated” as their male counterparts when it comes to strength or aggressiveness, and are not able to handle combat situations.
In 2015 the military removed the ban on women serving in combat roles. Before this women could serve in combat zones, but could not serve in combat roles (i.e. drive tanks, lead the infantry, be an Army Ranger or Navy SEAL). Now men and women serving in the military can have the same jobs and are paid the same rate based on rank and specialty.
Understanding the diversity in the U.S. Military is easiest if the numbers are looked at according to this nation’s population. American women account for fifty-one percent of the U.S. population and yet they only make up about sixteen percent of our uniformed officers throughout each branch of the military. The numbers are even fewer when looking at the number of women who have made a general officer rank. In the Army, only four percent of the generals are female, Navy admirals are seven percent, Air Force numbers are only nine percent, and the lowest number is the Marine Corps with three percent. (Sagalyn, 2011). The graph below shows the disparity in the numbers from each branch of the military and covers both active and reserve officers.
Many studies have been conducted to see the effect women have on a unit as they have integrated over the years, and in turn these studies have been used to explain how the Army as a whole could overcome the problems of effective cohesion that are bound to happen within the Direct Combat units. Through the results of these studies, social scientists agree that “introducing women into ground combat units would immediately erode those units’ social cohesion” which is not a good combination for certain missions as “in the military, the intimacy and isolation of combat demand high social cohesion” (Wojack). These scientists go on to say that if there is even “high social cohesion” it could also affect routine outcomes as “people start to prioritize friendship and social activities over preforming their jobs” This is due to the fact that there are actually very few women who question why they are not allowed in these combat units. One woman remarks that, “I certainly wouldn’t want to be in the infantry.
Thomas N. Barnes Center for Enlisted Education (U.S.) United States. Department of the Air Force. (2012a). Diversity (LM03). Maxwell-Gunter Annex, AL: Department of the Air Force.
Since the creation of the Selective Service Act of 1917, the role of a woman has evolved from the common role of a housewife, teacher or nurse. Now women have access to and are equally able to join many different career fields that were once gender based. The case Rostker v Goldberg 1981 debated whether or not women should be excluded from the Selective Service Act. Congress came to determine that “since women are excluded from combat roles in the Armed Forces, then they are not similarly situated for the purpose of the draft (Rostker, 1981)”. According to the Army Times in 2012, “The Army will start placing women in as many as 14,000 combat related jobs (Tan, 2012)”. So now, women are able to pursue combative careers in the military.
... by the women who worked with my previous supervisor. Also, stereotypes can cause broken communication and also breed distrust within an organization. In a military where diversity is an asset, stereotypes can halt synergy. This paper covered some of the stereotypes I have seen in the military and the fallacies of those arguments.
The story of America’s military woman can be traced to the birth of our nation. During the American Revolutionary War, the 18th and 19th centuries, where women served informally as nurses, seamstresses, cooks, and even as spies and were subject to Army’s rules of Conduct. Though not in uniform, these women shared soldier’s hardships including inadequate housing and little compensation. Women have formally been part of the U.S Armed Forces since the Inception of the Army Nurse Corps in 1901. In 1973 the transition to the All-Volunteer Force marked a dramatic increase in the opportunities available for women to serve in the military. As of September 30, 2009, the total number of active duty women in the U.S was 203, 375, and women made up 14.3 percent of the U.s armed forces (Robinson). Women are a crucial role in c...
Wojack, Adam N. “Women Can Be Integrated Into Ground Combat Units.” Integrating Women into the Infantry (2002). Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Thomson Gale. University of South Alabama Library. 13 July 2006 .