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Introduction to viscosity lab
Experiment on the measurement of the viscosity of fluid
Experiment on the measurement of the viscosity of fluid
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What factors affect the viscosity of a fluid? Research question: How does the temperature of corn syrup affect the viscosity of the fluid? Research hypothesis: Increasing the temperature of corn syrup decreases its viscosity. Independent variable: The viscosity of the corn syrup, measured in seconds it takes for an iron ball to move downwards in the fluid. Dependent variable: The temperature of the corn syrup in degrees (Celsius). Controlled variables: • Volume of corn syrup used in each of the experiment trials. • Temperature of the containers used. • Volume of the iron ball used. • Reliability of the thermometer used in the trials. • Volume of the container used. • Settings used on and the reliability of the stopwatch. Controlling variables: The thermometer, containers, and iron ball were secured of any possible contaminants. The stopwatch was calibrated and checked to be correctly measuring the time in seconds and milliseconds, by comparison with other stopwatches. The thermometer was checked to be accurately measuring the temperature of lukewarm water, and was al...
First, 100 mL of regular deionized water was measured using a 100 mL graduated cylinder. This water was then poured into the styrofoam cup that will be used to gather the hot water later. The water level was then marked using a pen on the inside of the cup. The water was then dumped out, and the cup was dried. Next, 100 mL of regular deionized water was measured using a 100 mL graduated cylinder, and the fish tank thermometer was placed in the water. Once the temperature was stabilizing in the graduated cylinder, the marked styrofoam cup was filled to the mark with hot water. Quickly, the temperature of the regular water was recorded immediately before it was poured into the styrofoam cup. The regular/hot water was mixed for a couple seconds, and the fish tank thermometer was then submerged into the water. After approximately 30 seconds, the temperature of the mixture leveled out, and was recorded. This was repeated three
This means that there are more collisions between the solid and liquid. Amount of tap water H2O used, i.e. volume (in ml) of the syringe. Amount of Alka-Seltzer tablets used, i.e. quantity of the tablets. one is used for the. Number of times the solution is stirred.
Over the observed fifty seconds, there was a consistency among the temperatures. Without a calculated percent error, we are able to assume the average temperature was twenty-six degrees Celsius. There are factors that could have caused error to arise in our data collection. One factor could be that the temperature of the room was not consistent throughout the room. Another factor may have been the performance of the thermometer. The grasp in which the thermometer was held for procedure B may also be a factor.
A thermometer * A clamp * A Bunsen burner * A stop clock Method = =
By adding fresh cold water it should cool the copper calorimeter. By making sure I do these checks before I do the experiment means that I should be able to get accurate results as the test will have been run fairly and hopefully successfully as there should not have been anything gone wrong. To make sure all the measurements are correct, I will also run checks. These checks when recording the data are. Make sure to check the thermometer to see what temperature the water is at the start, so I am able to see what it has to be when its been heated by 10 degrees.
A hot plate is acquired and plugged in and if left to warm up. Fill two beakers with 0.075kg of water and record the temperature using a thermometer and record it. Place one of the beakers onto the hot plate and drop one of the metal objects in. Wait for the water to boil and wait two minutes. Take the object out of the water and drop it into the other beaker. Take the temperature of the beaker and record the rise in temperature.
middle of paper ... ... different from what it should be. To solve this problem a thermostatic water bath could be used as stated above. * If the stop watch was stopped to early or late, again the overall reading would not be as accurate as it could have been.
- Temperature was measured after and exact time i.e. 1 minute, 2 minutes, 3 minutes.
Sweating and Heat Loss Investigation Aim To find out whether heat is lost faster over a sweaty body compared to a dry body. Apparatus 2 Boiling tubes 47ml max 2 Measuring jug 50ml max A Beaker 250ml max 2 thermometers Paper towels A kettle to boil water A stopwatch 2 magnifying glasses (8x) 2 corks with a small hole through the centre A test tube rack Preliminary work In my preliminary work, I need to find out how much water to use, whether the tissue should be wet with hot/cold water, how often the readings should be taken, how accurate should the readings be, how many readings should be taken and what my starting temperature should be. My results are as follows. Starting temperature of 40°c Time (secs) Wet towel (°c) Dry towel (°c) 30 36 38.9 60 35 38.5 90 34 37.9 120 33.9 37.5 150 33 37 180 32.6 36.9 210 32.3 36.8 240 31 36.5 270 30.4 36 300 30.3 35.9 Starting temperature of 65°c Time (secs) Wet towel (°c) Dry towel (°c) 30 51.1 53 60 48.2 51.9 90 46.4 51 120 46 50 150 44.3 49 180 42.9 48.4 210 42.6 46.9 240 41.7 48 270 40.2 47.5 300 39.3 47 Starting temperature of 60°c Time (secs) Wet towel (°c) Dry towel (°c)
After each group member performed 20 trials for each type of glassware, we were able to use percent error and standard deviation to determine which types of glassware are accurate and precise. In this experiment, it was important to measure the temperature of the water in order to record accurate densities, which can impact the mass of the water.
Diffusion and osmosis refer to passive transport systems where molecules and ions move down concentration gradients driven by thermal motion. The concentration gradients are setup in solutions in living systems that are separated by biological membranes. Diffusion refers to the spontaneous movement of particles, molecules, or ions from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. The process occurs slowly without any expenditure of energy. Diffusion occurs in liquids and gases. An example of diffusion is the movement of the smell of a spray from the point of spraying to the rest of the room. On the other hand, osmosis refers to the movement of molecules of a solvent such as water from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration. It is a special type of diffusion that occurs in reverse. An example of osmosis is the process through which animal cells feed on the food they partake. Thus, diffusion and osmosis are called passive transport systems because they enable cells of living systems to move molecules in
Possible sources of error in this experiment include the inaccuracy of measurements, as correct measurements are vital for the experiment.
Rheology is an experimental phenomenon which study the behaviour of different continuous physical parameter, by which we can determine the mechanical properties of material. Basically rheology creates a relationship between deformations when there is some applied force
We must also make sure that we add both the water and the sodium thiosulphate at exactly the same time (into the beaker with the hydrochloric acid in it), or it could affect the results of the experiment. We must start the stopwatch at the exact time as we put the water and the sodium thiosulphate into the beaker. To do this, it is a lot easier if there are two people doing the experiment, so one person can put the two substances in the HCL, and one person can start the stopwatch. Also, the person timing the experiment will look for the disappearance of the cross, otherwise there would be a time lapse between seeing the cross disappear and telling the other person to stop the clock and then eventually stopping the clock. It is also important to keep the temperature the same to obtain fair results, however we do not have to worry about this as the temperature will be kept at room temperature throughout the experiment.
The science of fluid mechanics is neither new nor biblical; however, most of the progress in this field was made in the 20th century. Therefore it is appropriate to open this text with a brief history of the discipline, with only a very few names mentioned.