Use Of Irony In Voltaire's Candide

One of the satirical styles is the use of irony, which entails saying of something that is the opposite of what one means (Baxindine). An example of irony that Voltaire makes use of is when he says “Master Pangloss, the greatest philosopher of the whole province and consequently of the whole world” (Voltaire 2). The sense of irony comes out from the fact that being the greatest philosopher in the province does not necessarily mean that one is the best in the whole world. Voltaire is only trying to satirize the actions of Pangloss of faking smartness because Pangloss talks as if he knows all about the world, although it seems like the philosophies have complications without much depth as such.
There is also the use of hyperbole that entails

Evil exhibits itself through the numerous deaths blamed on the bayonet. The number of causalities was too high, what made Candide to tremble (4). Equally, while Candide was on his way to somewhere where he could reason upon the causes and effects, he passed over some heaps of dead and dying men in a village burned down by Bulgarians (4). On the other hand, the theme of religion comes up through how Voltaire satirizes religion; the organization is through corrupt religious leaders. When Candide arrived, Holland, he experienced some food shortage. He decided to approach the inhabitants for help because he had information that they were rich and Christians hoping for a good treatment that he did not receive, contrary to his expectations (4).
The use of allusion of Lisbon is evident through the statement “whirlwinds of fire and she’s covered the streets and public places; houses fell, roofs were flung upon the pavements, and pavements were scattered” (10). The allusion is in reference to the earthquake of Lisbon. Voltaire’s attempt is to satirize optimism because the world is not the best of all worlds. If it were, then such earthquakes killing massive numbers of people would not have