1. What is the main point of this lesson? Write a thesis statement based on it. The underground railroad started, leading to the freedom of slaves but also stirng up problems between state laws and constitutional laws while moving forward with the abolishment movement. 2. Define “Underground Railroad.” The Underground railroad was a system created to help slaves escape to the north, or Canada, to be free. 3. Who called himself the “president” of the Underground Railroad? Levi Coffin was the self-proclaimed “president” of the underground railroad. 4. What term means to capture and return runaway slaves to their owner? Redention means to capture and return runaway slaves. 5. Who was the most famous of the eastern Underground Railroad “conductors”? …show more content…
Harriet Tubman was the most famous conductor of the eastern Underground railroad.
6. Who is the most famous of all runaway slaves in U. S. history? Frederick Douglass was the most famous runaway slave in the U.S. history. 7. What was the Prigg v. Pennsylvania case all about? (Students: don’t get bogged down in the details; show me that you understand the big picture.) The Prigg v. Pennsylvania case was a matter of state laws v. constitutional laws. 8. What was the purpose of James G. Birney’s book The American Churches: The Bulwarks of Slavery? The Purpose of James G. Birney’s book The American Churches: The Bulwarks of Slavery was to “excoriate the southern clergy for their defense of slavery” (Upchurch 5). 9. What two major American church groups split into northern and southern factions over the slavery issue, and when did each split? The Methodist church split in 1844 over the slavery issue and the Baptist church split in 1845 over the same issue. 10. What new facts or ideas did you learn from reading this lesson? I learned that there was a huge split between the Methodist and Baptist church due to their views on slavery. ARGUING OVER SLAVERY 1. What is the main point of this lesson? Write a thesis statement based on …show more content…
it. The argument of whether slavery is against the works of god or not, or inhumane or not all rest upon the opinions of Abolitionist and Slaveocracy’s. 2. What were the main religious arguments against slavery (which Bible passages did they use)? The main religious arguments against slavery were simply the fact that the bible rebuked it using the story of the Egyptians and the Israelite slaves where God destroyed Egypt for not obeying and freeing the slaves.
Another bible verse that’s used to argue against slavery is Mathew 12:31 the “golden rule.” 3. What were the main non-religious arguments against slavery? Explain them. The main non-religious arguments against slavery were the Declaration of Dependence, the fact that slavery was cruel and inhumane and that it was outdated. 4. What were the main pro-slavery arguments that used the Bible (which passages)? The main pro-slavery arguments that used the bible were the fact that men of the such as Abraham and Moses had slaves of their own. Passages like Colossians 3:22 and Ephesians 6:5 are also biblical reason that pro-slavery used as arguments. 5. What were the main non-religious arguments on the pro-slavery side? The main proslavery non-religious arguments were the fact that the writer of the Declaration of Independence was a slave holder. Slaveocracy also stated that most slave owners treated their slaves better that factor owners in the North, adding that slavery was also an act of social control. 6. What new facts or ideas did you learn from reading this
lesson? I learned that pro-slavery individuals were called “slaveocracy.” BLACK NATIONALISM: GARNET AND DELANY 1. What is the main point of this lesson? Write a thesis statement based on it. Celebrating the tradition African American, the two most notable Black Nationalist were Henry Garnet and Martin Delaney. 2. Write a paragraph that defines and explains “Black Nationalism” in your own words (but in standard English). The Black Nationalism is said to have multiple places of origin, thus making it a complex study of the social movement and nature of African Americans. Black Nationalism is said to believe in the withdrawal if African Americans from any association with the white culture. They celebrated the traditional “Negro,” seeking a separate identity and acknowledgement for their works suck as arts, athletics and politics. Black Nationalism sought acknowledgement for their works by boycotts, confrontation with white authorities and many more. 3. What are the main things Henry Highland Garnet is famous for (give a brief biography)? Henry Garnet, formally known as Henry Trusty, was a runaway slave that graduated from the Oneida Institute in New York. Henry did lots of traveling as a youth; losing one of his legs to a knee injury, henry was yet to be stopped. Amongst other accomplishments, Garnet married in 1841, becoming the pastor for the Presbyterian Church in Troy, New York. Garnet edited newspapers and delivered the “Address to the Slaves of United States of America” speech. Garnet is mainly known for demanding the immediate emancipation of slaves, urging those that were already free to leave the states and head back to Africa. 4. What are the main things Martin Delaney is famous for (give a brief biography)? Martin Delaney, a jack of all trades, was mainly famous for his works as a black nationalist. Delaney was the co-editor of the North Star, one of the first blacks to me admitted into Harvard Medical school and author of the book Blake and speech “political Destiny of the Colored Race on the American Continent.” Delaney later went on to sign a treaty with the local chiefs of Niger Delta, only to never get a chance to use it. 5. What new facts or ideas did you learn from reading this lesson? I learned that Martin Delaney singed a treat with the Niger Delta to allow African Americans to settle there. SLAVERY POLARIZES THE NATION 1. What is the main point of this lesson? Write a thesis statement based on it. The main point of this lesson is to show how slavery still has the nation slip with their being bias in the government. 2. What was the Wilmot Proviso? The Wilmot Proviso was a Proviso eliminating slavery from any territory past Texas that the United States might take from Mexico. 3. What two political factions joined with members of the Liberty party in 1848 to form a new, larger abolitionist party? The Whigs and Barnburner Democrats joined the liberty party in 1848 to form a new and larger abolitionist party. 4. What was the name of the new political party they created? The political party created by the joining of the 3 political parties was called the Free Soil party. 5. What term means that each western territory would have the right to decide for itself whether to allow slavery or not upon becoming a state? The term “popular sovereignty” means that each western territory has the right to decide for itself whether to allow slavery or not. 6. How had the decision always been made about whether a territory would become a free state or a slave state prior to this time? Prior to the “popular sovereignty,” congress would decide which territories and states would allow slavery or not. 7. Which western territory set off a national crisis by applying for admission to the Union as a free state? California set off a national crisis by applying for admission to the Union as a free state. 8. What nickname did southern political leaders who opposed this new free state’s admission get called in 1849-1850? Political leaders who opposed California’s free state’s admission were called “fire-eaters.” 9. What were the 4 main parts of the Compromise of 1850? The four main compromises of the 1850 were “allow California to enter as a free state, give the rest of Mexican Cession popular sovereignty, abolish slave auctions in the nation’s capital and reinforce and strengthen the Fugitive Slave act.” 10. What political leader emerged as the most powerful man in the U. S. government in the 1850s? Stephen A. Douglas emerged as the most powerful man in the U.S. government in the 1850s. 11. What new facts or ideas did you learn from reading this lesson? I learned that Democrats joined the liberty party in part to form a larger abolitionist party. THE FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT AND UNCLE TOM’S CABIN 1. What is the main point of this lesson? Write a thesis statement based on it. The main point of this lesson was to showcase individuals were treaded in slavery and stand against it by any means necessary. 2. Which part of the Compromise of 1850 became the most problematic? The Fugitive Slave Act was the most problematic part of the compromise of 1850. 3. Compare and contrast the stories of Shadrach Minkins and Anthony Burns. The Vigilance committee stormed the courtroom during both Shadrach Minkins and Anthony Burns court hearing. The committee managed to capture Minkins, hide him, and later send him to Canada to be free. In contrast, the unsuccessful attempt to breakout Burns lead to the death of a U.S. law enforcement officer and protection on his voyage back to his master. 4. Tell the story of Margaret Garner briefly in your own words (but in standard English). Margaret Garner was a runaway slave who slit her daughters throat in the mist of her being captured and returning to slavery. Garner was tried for murder but acquitted on to be returned to her rapist slave master. 5. Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin? Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin. 6. What year was this book published? Uncle Tom’s Cabin was published in 1851. 7. What was the big deal about this book (why is it so important in history)? Uncle Tom’s Cabin was such a big deal because it started a huge uproar with pro-slavery individuals “spawning imatiators and others alike in just about equal proportions.” 8. How many anti-Uncle Tom’s Cabin books were published between 1852 to 1865? There was some of 27 anti-Uncle Tom’s cabin books published between 1852 and 1865. 9. What new facts or ideas did you learn from reading this lesson? In this lesson, I learned Margaret Garners story. 10. What is the most important thing you learned from reading this whole unit and doing this whole assignment? In reading the entire lesson, I learned that there was a lot being done to omit slavery outside of the government, but the government and Pro-slavery activist would not budge.
In the nineteenth century, Americans were centralized in reading the Bible and interpreting it into their own moral lives. White southerners seek ways of retaining their slaves by subsequently using the Bible. Before the Civil War, De Bow’s Review magazine was a proslavery influencer to defend the possession of slavery in the United States. The magazine made some strong points of why it was preeminent to attain slaves within the United States. According to De Bow’s Review, “The Bible teaches clearly and conclusively that the holding of slaves is right; and if so, no deduction from general principles can make it wrong, if
It always maintained that taking someone’s God given right of freedom was against the church preaching’s and beliefs. In addition, some of the first emigrants to the newly discovered land (North America) were slaves themselves and they were white. One of the main reasons they immigrated to North America was to escape religious persecution. The political situation did not help either; too much support to antislavery and the church could lose the much needed support of wealthy churchgoers. The institution stopped short of actively going against the problem of slavery, instead they focused their efforts in making slavery more “tolerable” for slaves. After all, most of the church goers in the south were white slave owners and/or in some way or another supported slavery and the economic factors in benefitted. In the North, the Presbyterian Church had deplored the issue of black and religion; they were never unable or unwilling to tackle the problem from its source. In the North the free blacks had more religious freedom and were allowed to participate in churches or form their own congregations. There was another phenomenon that affected the lives of slaves in the plantations. Most owners controlled all aspects of their slaves to include religion. The owners used the Gospel as a social control method to tell the slaves why they had to obey their masters (according to God) and inculcate and foster the belief of having to serve and be faithful to their
Douglass continues to describe the severity of the manipulation of Christianity. Slave owners use generations of slavery and mental control to convert slaves to the belief God sanctions and supports slavery. They teach that, “ man may properly be a slave; that the relation of master and slave is ordained by God” (Douglass 13). In order to justify their own wrongdoings, slaveowners convert the slaves themselves to Christianity, either by force or gentle coercion over generations. The slaves are therefore under the impression that slavery is a necessary evil. With no other source of information other than their slave owners, and no other supernatural explanation for the horrors they face other than the ones provided by Christianity, generations of slaves cannot escape from under the canopy of Christianity. Christianity molded so deeply to the ideals of slavery that it becomes a postmark of America and a shield of steel for American slave owners. Douglass exposes the blatant misuse of the religion. By using Christianity as a vessel of exploitation, they forever modify the connotations of Christianity to that of tyrannical rule and
Sectionalism and the Breakup of the U.S. Throughout the early 1800's the country was split in many areas over many issues. Some of the more severe clashes between differing groups resulting from such issues as slavery, expansion, and internal improvement. With all of these controversial topics to worry about along with the vast diversity in the nation, causing separation and tensions throughout the country. The most prominent of the previous topics was slavery.
Plans are revealed to, “hold a separate service on Sundays for [the slaves’] benefit,” in which pointed sermons were to be delivered to the slaves (Jacobs 57-58). One such sermon is inherently accusatory and meant to instill fear in its slave audience. Statements such as “God is angry with you,” “You tell lies”. God hears you,” and “God sees you and will punish you” serve to foster a sense of guilt and fear within the slaves, casting disobedience in any form as an affront against God, one that merits divine punishment (Jacobs 58). The sermon creates an emotional tie to profitable slave behavior – obedience stemming from fear – which it goes on to enforce as the will of God: “If you disobey your earthly Master,” the preacher claims, “you offend your heavenly Master” (Jacobs 58).
The Underground Railroad was an escape network of small, independent groups of individuals bound together by the common belief that enslaving a human being was immoral. A loosely structured, informal system of people who, without regard for their own personal safety. Conducting fugitives from slavery to free states, and eventually to Canada where they could not be returned to slavery was a dangerous undertaking.
Montgomery, William. Under Their Own Vine and Fig Tree: The African-American Church in the South. Louisiana: Louisiana State University Press, 1993. Print.
One of the larger abolitionist groups, The American Anti-Slavery Society, opposed the Acts of 1793, claiming them to be unconstitutional. They, like many, believed that each state had the right to legislate in regards to its policies on abolition and aimed to convince the South that slaveholding was a heinous crime in the sight of God. The Society also endeavored, in a constitutional way, to influence the Congress to put an end to domestic servitude and prevent its extension into any new state to enter the Union.... ... middle of paper ...
Slave-owners forced a perverse form of Christianity, one that condoned slavery, upon slaves. According to this false Christianity the enslavement of “black Africans is justified because they are the descendants of Ham, one of Noah's sons; in one Biblical story, Noah cursed Ham's descendants to be slaves” (Tolson 272). Slavery was further validated by the numerous examples of it within the bible. It was reasoned that these examples were confirmation that God condoned slavery. Douglass’s master...
...e the institution of slavery itself was not evil, there were evils associated with the practice. As such, the clergy often fell into disfavor with the extremists of the proslavery movement.
The Underground Railroad was large group of people who secretly worked together to help slaves escape slavery in the south. Despite the name, the Underground Railroad had nothing to do with actual railroads and was not located underground (www.freedomcenter.org). The Underground Railroad helped move hundreds of slaves to the north each year. It’s estimated that the south lost 100,000 slaves during 1810-1850 (www.pbs.org).
... Anti-slavery advocates argued that God created all man as equals and therefore all men are equals. Pro-slavery advocates pointed to the long line of slavery in the Bible as justification. Both sides used the Bible as their main justification for their reasons against or for slavery. Since the United States was founded on the principle that no man does not stand equal among his peers, resistance to abolishment of slavery could not hold out forever. Slavery went against the perceived true meaning of God’s word and also against the principles of America. The Christian equality of the North won over the hard-nosed Old Testament South. Eventually the equality America was intended to be founded upon was realized when slavery was abolished.
Because it offers them the possibility of community and identity, many slaves find themselves strongly attached to religion. They cannot build a family structure and they cannot be identified by family name, but through the church, they can build a community and identify themselves as Christians. This comfort becomes virtually non-existent for it too is controlled by the slaveowners who “came to the conclusion that it would be well to give the slaves enough of religious instruction to keep them from murdering their masters” (57). The fact that one person could have the ability to control the amount of religion another person has and his purpose for having it diminishes any sense of community or identity that it may have initially provided.
The black slaves in general held to a different form Christianity that was unbeknownst to traditional orthodox Christianity. As discussed in lecture on February 4, 2014, black slaves held to an interpretation of Christianity that placed emphasis on the Old Testament, and all of its hero’s and accomplishments. The slaves also reinterpreted Jesus Christ, figuring Him into the Old Testament context of an Old Testament King like King David, who achieved many victories upon this earth (Lecture 2/4/14). Due to the perversion of Christian teachings from slave master and their erroneous catechisms, the slaves reacted strongly against the New Testament and its teachings. In turn, the slaves would cling to the Old Testament, particularly due to the role that the Jews suffered in the midst of their captivity to the Egyptians in ancient times. (Covered in the Bible under the Old Testament books of Genesis and Exodus) The reality of God coming to the aid of His chosen people the Jews was a theme that encouraged and comforted the slaves, and they gladly adopted this similar idea of being God’s “chosen people.” Also, the slaves held to Old ...
...e to the audience that the Bible adheres to the deserved emancipation and support of African-Americans, rather than enslavement and oppression. For example, Douglass preaches, “ A worship that can be conducted by persons who refuse to give shelter to the houseless, to give bread to the hungry, clothing to the naked, and who enjoin obedience to a law forbidding these acts of mercy, is a curse, not a blessing to mankind. The Bible addresses all such persons as ‘scribes, Pharisees, hypocrites, who pay tithe of mint, anise, and cumin, and have omitted the weightier matters of the law, judgment, mercy and faith.” By using Matthew 23:23 to assert American Christians as righteously indignant, Douglass infers that if the White American people are truly Christian, they will obey the doctrines of The Bible and negate their duplicity by showing love and mercy to black people.