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The collapse of the tsarist regime
Tsars and the downfall
The collapse of the tsarist regime
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The reign of Nicholas II catalysed the downfall of Tsardom. His lack of concern for civil liberties and political sternness directly lead to the revolutions. However, it was not just the weak leading of Tsar Nicholas II but rather the whole system of autocracy that was to blame for Russia’s misfortune, with its ideology fundamentally primitive and oppressive towards the greater population. The Russian society was formed around a hierarchy that was inefficient and degenerate to those below. This would lead to economic and social problems for the people of Russia, as well as a lack of progression and eventually, downfall. Firstly, the breakdown of social order was instigated by the leadership of Nicholas II. The Emperor’s archaic policy’s
led to the persecution of racial minorities and oppression of the working class which held the majority of the country’s’ population. The autocratic system in which Tsar Nichols II upheld caused a widespread of tension among the Russian Empire. The actual leadership style of Nicholas II
For centuries, autocratic and repressive tsarist regimes ruled the country and population under sever economic and social conditions; consequently, during the late 19th century and early 20th century, various movements were staging demonstrations to overthrow the oppressive government. Poor involvement in WWI also added to the rising discontent against Nicholas as Russian armies suffered terrible casualties and defeats because of a lack of food and equipment; in addition, the country was industrially backward compared to countries such as Britain, France, Germany, and the USA. It had failed to modernize, this was to do with the tsars lack of effort for reforms. The country was undergoing tremendous hardships as industrial and agricultural output dropped. Famine and poor morale could be found in all aspects of Russian life. Furthermore, the tsar committed a fatal mistake when he appointed himself supreme commander of the armed forces because he was responsible for the armies constant string of defeats.
With the coinciding of a revolution on the brink of eruption and the impacts of the First World War beginning to take hold of Russia, considered analysis of the factors that may have contributed to the fall of the Romanov Dynasty is imperative, as a combination of several factors were evidently lethal. With the final collapse of the 300 year old Romanov Dynasty in 1917, as well as the fall of Nicholas II, a key reality was apparent; the impact that WWI had on autocratic obliteration was undeniable. However, reflection of Russia’s critical decisions prior is essential in the assessment of the cause of the fall of the Romanov Dynasty.
I can use this source in my research project to defend why Czar Nicholas II is innocent to the abuse of power of the office of Czar.It reveales to me that even thouch Nicholas struggled with being the new Czar he truly did a lot for Russia to improve in learning abilities.Above all else, Nicholas loved Russia first and then his family; He thought the fate of the two was inseparable. No one knew the fault of the Romanov Dynasty better than him. Czar Nicholas sincerely felt his responsibility for the country, He thought that his destiny was within the country he ruled. I think it was really difficult for him but it was the only way to admit his mistakes and to say "sorry" to his people.
situation is not serious at all and if it is ignored, it will go away.
The Russian Revolution took place during difficult time in Russia. These troubles began before World War I and lasted up until 1930's. Russia's population was made up of mostly poor, starving peasants. A small working and middle class began to rise to help industrialize Russia. But a corrupt government made it difficult for Russia to advance. This added to the turmoil. World War I placed a serious hurt on Russia. Although at first it raised national pride and enthusiasm, it quickly drained resources and poorly trained peasants quickly found themselves fighting with no weapons. This war sent over 2 million Russians to their death in 1915 alone. Turning points for the Russian revolution were the March Revolution, the November Revolution and Stalin coming to power.
Tsar Nicholas II was a major symbol of an autocratic government, a centralized government where an individual had all the power, and also failed to solve Russia’s economic and agricultural issues (Doc. 1). The Tsar’s desire to enter WWI also pushed the nation further into experiencing a revolution. Due to his inability to stabilize the country, riots and strikes arose and in the February
out of touch with his people. 'He heard of the blood and tears of the
Nicholas II was the last Tsar to rule the Russian empire before the citizens demanded change within the government, resulting in the Romanov family being brutally murdered and the start of a revolution for Russia. Though Nicholas II was the most powerful man in the country, he did not use his power wisely to support his citizens. The unreasonable decisions of Nicholas II of Russia is what lead to the Russian Revolution. To begin with he made Russia suffer externally politically with his unwise choices during the Russo-Japanese War and World War One. Next, he brought hardship upon his people economically, allowing them to go malnourished without any support from the government; many people starved to death. Furthermore, these unwise decisions
The Romanov dynasty was an absolute monarchy in Russia starting from 1613 to 1917, and the Tsars continued to take political power away from the nobles.4 In order to centralize authority in Russia, the Tsars either simply took power away from the nobility or compensated their decrease of political power with increased power over their lands. Because of this, the Tsarist regime had an almost autocratic rule over the nobility which they had gained through serfdom.5 By the long nineteenth century, these relationships were under attack. In the 1825 Decembrist Revolution, military officers tried to push for constitutional monarchy but to no avail.4 Although Alexander II abolished serfdom, the condition of the peasantry remained almost the same.5
One plundered Pleshchev’s house; the other the house of State Chancellor Nazarii Ivanovich Chistii…They dragged him from the secret hold or store room, and immediately without pity or mercy they killed him with oak clubs.” Rebellions were not the only form of violence within a political rule, violence was seen amongst the high ranking officials, nobles and tsar. In order to get what they wanted, they stop any who would oppose them. Ivan the Terrible would be a prime example of violence brought to the state and its people through political rule. “Wishing to destroy the old feudal system of Russia, by which the princes were practically independent rulers of their appanages, Ivan IV began a systematic purge of aristocracy in the late 1550’s and many nobles died on the scaffold.” These political states of violence would influence the development of early Russia through the centuries. Not only would Russia be at a state of violence for centuries politically, but culturally as
This essay examines the role of tzar within the fall of the Romanov dynasty. Tsar Nicholas II roles had contributed in the decline and fall of the Romanov Dynasty. He wasn’t the main reason for the decline of the romanov dynasty, but he was a part of it.
However, with new political realities also new challenges arose. The Bourbon Restoration was not enough, and anxiety about political instability in Europe and further possible revolutions against European monarchies made the Russian Empire assume the role of what was later dubbed gendarme of Europe. This anxiety had a solid ground: in the coming years liberal revolutions occurred in Spain and Portugal. July revolution in France, uprisings in German states and Poland (the part of Russian Empire) reminded Nicholas I, Alexander’s successor, of the Decembrist revolt and the fact that his was not immune to the strengthening of liberal sentiment. His legitimacy being based largely on allegiance of the nobility, he found himself in a precarious position. Therefore, he had to simultaneously manage two tasks: hold Russian revolutionary movement at bay and maintain status quo in Europe, both its political and ideological aspects contributing to stability at home.
Some people can say that World War I left Russia vulnerable because it took everything away from them, including their army and their food supply. They say it is the only cause that led to the revolution. World War I may have contributed to the Russian Revolution because of its constant battles. This, however, only played a small role in causing the revolution. Consequently, “Indeed, one of the leading criticisms of Nicholass leadership has been that he single-handedly lost the war and caused the deaths of millions of Russian soldiers” (Quenoy). Nicholas II could not prevent economic conflicts from occurring because it was his decision that caused it. If he never appointed himself as the “Supreme Command,” he would not have caused millions to die and made Russia lose the war. If Russia had not lost the war, World War I would not have affected the country in such a harsh way. Since the Tsar was unskilled as an army leader and unfit as the Tsar, Russia was internally corrupt and
The fall of the Romanov Dynasty was in large part due to the contribution of Tsar Nicholas II towards his own downfall. He played a key role in the declination of his empire and thereby brought about his own downfall through his inability to lead effectively as a sovereign; his shortcomings regarding the demands of the peasants, which lead to peasant discontent; and his involvement in WWI. These factors were instrumental in the ruination of Nicholas II and are part of the role Nicholas II played in his own downfall.
In the years leading up to the revolution, Russia had been involved in a series of wars. The Crimean war, The Russo-Turkish war, The Russo-Japanese war and the First World War. Russia had been defeated in all except the war with Turkey and its government and economy had the scars to prove it. A severe lack of food and poor living conditions amongst the peasant population led firstly to strikes and quickly escalated to violent riots. Tsar Nicholas II ruled Russia with an iron hand while much of Europe was moving away from the monarchical system of rule. All lands were owned by the Tsar’s family and Nobel land lords while the factories and industrial complexes were owned by the capitalists’. There were no unions or labour laws and the justice system had made almost all other laws in favour of the ruling elite. Rents and taxes were often unaffordable, while the gulf between workers and the ruling elite grew ever wider.