Tri-State Water Wars: Impact on Metropolitan Atlanta’s Future Growth
“Whiskey is for drinking. Water is for fighting.” - Mark Twain
Metro Atlanta is on a collision course with reality – and the shock of this collision will have profound political and economic implications for future growth throughout the Southeast. The core problem is that Atlanta’s runaway growth will soon outstrip the available water supply (Corps, 1998). And if Atlanta continues to increase its water consumption until the maximum limits are reached, the effects on downstream users will become catastrophic, both economically and environmentally.
Without multi-state agreements concerning changes in usage patterns, this could bring about intervention by the Federal courts that would effectively halt Atlanta’s development until the usage disputes were resolved. By comparison, some western states water lawsuits have lasted for decades, typically freezing usage patterns “as is”. (Barr, 1999) The southeast can ill afford to have Atlanta – the region’s single largest engine of economic growth – brought to a standstill because of this issue.
The root cause of the entire regional problem is the combination of Atlanta’s high growth and an inadequate water supply. No US city as large as Atlanta is founded on a river as small as the Chattahoochee. (NY Times) If Atlanta were the size of Birmingham, there would be no crisis whatsoever. In addition, the lack of a usable underground aquifer system in North Georgia limits the options for expanding the available supply. (ITT) The underlying granite subsurface prevents the formation of large underground water reserves, which are often a significant water source for other large cities. Only by transfe...
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...raci. “Conservation helped avert more severe water limits.” USA Today. July 16, 2002
Web Sites:
“Tri-state pact essential to growth.”
Congressman Bob Barr. May 24, 1999, official web site
http://barr.house.gov/newsdescr.asp?RI=435
“Atlanta's Unquenchable Thirst Sparks Dixie Water War.”
By Marcello Ballve, Pacific News Service, Mar 11, 2002
http://www.pacificnews.org/content/pns/2002/mar/0311water.html
“Tri-State Water Wars.”
Southern Environmental Law Center
http://www.selcga.org/originals/water_wars/water_wars.shtml
“The Alabama-Coosa-Tallapoosa Water Deal: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly.”
By Brad McLane, Executive Director, Alabama Rivers Alliance
http://www.alabamarivers.org/tristatewars.htm
ITT Industries – Guide to Global Water issues
Atlanta and the Southeast, by Charles Seabrook
http://www.itt.com/waterbook/atlanta.asp
Going forward, the Court of Appeal’s decision in Garetson Brothers v. American Warrior will stand for the proposition that Kansas water laws mean what they say. Rather than consider any economic considerations, the only relevant factors will be who has the senior water right and whether an impairment has occurred. As groundwater becomes scarcer in Kansas, senior water users will likely find that Kansas laws will serve to protect their use over any junior water
...ly never thought he did anything wrong – I devoured this book and felt so much better for having read it. I would like to know if men are more inclined to Cognitive Dissonance and Self-Justification than women. In my experience and in listening to other women, that seems to be the case as far as admitting to making mistakes and apologizing for them. But then women, in my experience, seem to be the most adept at Self-Justification in their ability to stay with the wrong man for so long, always ready with a reason to justify her actions.
"Songs and the Civil Rights Movement." Songs and the Civil Rights Movement. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Dec. 2013.
California water war has been an great example of different cities fighting against each other since they all share the common characteristics of greed, and selfish. Back in the 1800’s, Los Angeles grew largely in populations when finally it outgr...
Bram Stoker’s Dracula has increased the number of vampires in media exponentially, partly because of one man: Vlad the Impaler. He, as well as other various sources, led to what is known as the vampire today.
Vampires have been viewed with fear and fascination for centuries. Of all the vampires in literature, Bram Stoker’s Count Dracula is probably the most prominent vampire. Recently, there has been an upsurge of public interest in socially acceptable vampires, like the Cullens in the Twilight series by Stephanie Meyer. This essay will contrast Stoker’s Dracula with Carlisle Cullen, one of the newer vampires from the Twilight series. They will be examined in terms of their origins and how they dealt with immortality.
---. “The Clean Water Act—Is it Successfully Reducing Water Pollution?- Final Draft.” UTSA: WRC 1023, 11 Apr 2014. Print.
The water crisis in Flint Michigan began as early as was as April of 2014. The crisis is concerning a small town called Flint, located at the bottom right of michigan were the majority of the population is African American. The issue began when the town 's water supply witch in past use to come from the detroit river water supply was switched over to the Flint river water supply. People soon began to complain about the taste, smell, and color of the tap water, and of symptoms such as hair loss and rashes from bathing in the water. Even though there were many signs that the water was indeed contaminated, such as when a General Motors plant in Flint stopped using municipal water in October of 2014, claiming that it corroded car parts, the government officials stated that the water was not a threat to the public 's health and safety. However it was later revealed that the water was in fact unhealthy, and contained too much lead. The issue was brought to the eyes of the public when Lee Anne Walters, a Flint resident. This mother of four had seen her family suffer from various alarming symptoms, including abdominal pains, hair loss, and rashes; she also has a son who showed signs of developmental problems. She decided to switch her family to bottled water, and the symptoms abated. Finally, in February of 2015, she demanded that the city test the tap water. A federal investigation was launched and the results came back shocking. The water was extremely toxic containing 400 parts per billion of lead. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), there is no safe level of lead in drinking water, but the maximum allowed by law is 15 parts per billion. Virginia Tech professor and engineer Marc Edwards, an expert on municipal w...
When the vampire came about the thought of the monsters themselves were terrifying, and to view one they were ghostly pale with dark sunken eyes, large nose similar to that of the stereotypical witch, pointed ears like an elf and dark hair usually dark brown if not black. The original folklore on vampires showed a terrifying creature that you would know if you would see it out and about during the night. Today’s films and novels want to present you with an attractive vampire, like dying and becoming an immortal being is something a human would want to do because they would become more attractive. But also in today’s depiction of the vampire they have no obvious tells that a person is a vampire until they get angry and the fangs elongate. The idea of the vampire has shifted so drastically over the course of time, from fear to an admiration of a creature that could kill you in seconds. In the popular culture of today, the vampire is something attractive that girls pine after and want to be since there are a multitude of romance novels printed today with the male leads being portrayed as a
Houston, home to two major water reservoirs, now grapples with the task of safely releasing water from these dams. Because of Harvey, they are at a dangerously high level that poses many safety concerns. If the water continues to rise, the reservoirs could break, and release a tidal wave of water into the already flooded city. However, some residents don’t agree with the releasing of water, even in controlled portions, because it adds to the flooding. “The Addicks and Barker dams hold back the reservoirs’ collective 410,000 acre-feet of water and if the dams fail, half the city could be underwater” (Planas, Satlin, et al, 2). The release of water could be a major threat to nearby homes as well while causing more flooding on the major roads, perpetuating the issue of transportation. The Army Corps of Engineers ultimately decided that waiting and praying that the reservoirs didn’t fail would be a poor decision, and came out with a statement saying they would be releasing rationed portions of water. The overflowing of the reservoirs and the possible increase of flooding is a direct impact of Harvey on Houston, and this continues to perpetuate issues they will face in the months to
...hey lacked the followers that would enable them to push their ideas further, so in the end the Populists slowly died out but the ideas remained which became a driving force during the progressive era. The Populists can be seen as the stepping stone which it gathered and helped people to realize that a change was needed, without this would the progressive era still have the drive that brought people together?
Vampires, they have sharp teeth, black capes, perfect skin and black hair, one of the key inspirations to how we see the vampire today is Bram Stoker's book Dracula, written in 1897. Over time the idea of a vampire has evolved from the standard can't go out in the sun and can only drink human blood to sparkling in the sun and can live off of a animal's blood. Either the change occurred from the evolution of writing styles or just written in a way to make a book as popular as possible. This essay will explore the idea of a vampire before and after the book Dracula was made as well as the key inspirations for the book itself. Including comparisons of how we see vampires today versus how they were seen back when Dracula was originally written.
Murnane, Anthony. "A Lack Of Respect For Referees - The World Game's Shame | Soccer."The Armchair Selector. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Mar. 2014.
California is a large state with an increasing population, which results to increased use of resources, especially water for human consumption, industrial uses and irrigation. However, water has become a scarce resource in California with poor communities suffering the most from the shortage. Therefore, through public policy the state government sought a solution to the issue. As a result, it led to the adoption of the recycled water policy on 3 February 2009 (Martineau, 2013). The policy aims at providing reliable and clean water supply for the state. In addition, the policy conserves the availability of fresh water sources by reducing consumption of potable water. The policy has three goals. The first goal is to increase the use of storm water by at most 500,000 acre-feet by 2020 and one million acre-feet by 2030 (Heineman et al., 2001). Secondly, it is to increase recycled water over by at least one million acre-feet by 2020 two million acre-feet by 2030. Thirdly, by 2020, it aims at increasing water conservation by 20%, especially for industrial and urban uses (Heineman et al., 2001). The methodology utilized for execution and approval of this policy was systematic. Initially, the state consulted experts in diverse areas such as water conservation experts, financial experts and other relevant players. It is important because it assisted in drafting the guidelines and rules in the policy. Furthermore, the analysis of the current problem will occur at this point. The second step was conducting a referendum where the public will pass the policy in order for the state to legalize it. During this stage, there will be an evaluation regarding the costs of the problem. The final phase is to authorize a perti...
Miller, Debra A. Will the World Run out of Fresh Water? Detroit: Greenhaven, 2007. Print.