Treaty 9 Essay

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The eleven Numbered Treaties are a series of documents made between 1871 and 1921. These treaties were between the Canadian government and the Indigenous People of Canada. The treaties gave the government the land for industrial development and settlements, while giving the Indigenous special rights to hunting, fishing, treaty lands, cash payments, supplies and things to help increase the quality of life. These treaties were made both orally and in written pen and paper, meaning that not all of the negotiations were understood and some were misinterpreted by both the indigenous people and the Canadian government. These treaties took place in Canada from Northern Ontario, to Southern Manitoba and from The Rocky Mountains to north of Yukon and …show more content…

This treaty covered roughly 841,487 km2 of what was known as north-west territories and British Columbia. This treaty is now on land that which includes Alberta and Saskatchewan making it the largest treaty by area. This treaty was mainly brought to light because of the Klondike gold rush, where the Canadian government took it under their control.


Treaty 9 is the one of the 11 post –Confederation numbered treaties. It covers present day Ontario north of Lake superior. The reason for treaty 9 was to purchase the interests of resident Cree and Ojibwa peoples to make way for settlement and resource development. This treaty like many others had cash treaty payments, the creation of reserves, education and hunting, fishing and trapping rights.

Treaty 10 covers nearly 220,000 km2 of Saskatchewan and Alberta. Treaties have already covered portions of these provinces so therefore the government was reluctant to claim land that wasn’t needed by them, even though there had been several requests from indigenous communities for a treaty. It wasn’t until 1905 that the government felt forced to act, and until 1906-1907 that it actually was signed. When they did sign it, it was because the government needed to create the provinces of Alberta and

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